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<p>You are viewing the documentation for a prerelease version.</p>
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<li class="crumb"><a href="../../../index.html">Cassandra</a></li>
<li class="crumb"><a href="indexes.html">Secondary Indexes</a></li>
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<li class="tool edit"><a href="https://github.com/apache/cassandra/edit/trunk/doc/modules/cassandra/pages/developing/cql/indexes.adoc" title="Edit Page" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Edit</a></li>
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<article class="doc">
<h1 class="page">Secondary Indexes</h1>
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>CQL supports creating secondary indexes on tables, allowing queries on
the table to use those indexes. A secondary index is identified by a
name defined by:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-bnf hljs" data-lang="bnf">index_name::= re('[a-zA-Z_0-9]+')</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="create-index-statement"><a class="anchor" href="#create-index-statement"></a>CREATE INDEX</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <code>CREATE INDEX</code> statement is used to create a new
secondary index for a given (existing) column in a given table. A name
for the index itself can be specified before the <code>ON</code> keyword, if
desired.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-bnf hljs" data-lang="bnf">create_index_statement::= CREATE [ CUSTOM ] INDEX [ IF NOT EXISTS ] [ index_name ]
ON table_name '(' index_identifier ')'
[ USING index_type [ WITH OPTIONS = map_literal ] ]
index_identifier::= column_name
| ( KEYS | VALUES | ENTRIES | FULL ) '(' column_name ')'
index_type::= 'sai' | 'legacy_local_table' | fully_qualified_class_name</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If data already exists for the column, it will be indexed
asynchronously. After the index is created, new data for the column is
indexed automatically at insertion time. Attempting to create an already
existing index will return an error unless the <code>IF NOT EXISTS</code> option is used.
If it is used, the statement will be a no-op if the index already exists.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Examples</strong>:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">CREATE INDEX userIndex ON NerdMovies (user);
CREATE INDEX ON Mutants (abilityId);
CREATE INDEX ON users (KEYS(favs));
CREATE INDEX ON users (age) USING 'sai';
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (email)
USING 'path.to.the.IndexClass';
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (email)
USING 'path.to.the.IndexClass'
WITH OPTIONS = {'storage': '/mnt/ssd/indexes/'};</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="index-types"><a class="anchor" href="#index-types"></a>Index Types</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <code>USING</code> keyword optionally specifies an index type. There are two built-in types:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>legacy_local_table - (default) legacy secondary index, implemented as a hidden local table</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>sai - "storage-attched" index, implemented via optimized SSTable/Memtable-attached indexes</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To create a custom index, a fully qualified class name must be specified.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="indexes-on-map-keys"><a class="anchor" href="#indexes-on-map-keys"></a>Indexes on Map Keys</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When creating an index on a <code>maps &lt;maps&gt;</code>, you may index either the keys
or the values. If the column identifier is placed within the <code>keys()</code>
function, the index will be on the map keys, allowing you to use
<code>CONTAINS KEY</code> in <code>WHERE</code> clauses. Otherwise, the index will be on the
map values.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="drop-index-statement"><a class="anchor" href="#drop-index-statement"></a>DROP INDEX</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Dropping a secondary index uses the <code>DROP INDEX</code> statement:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-bnf hljs" data-lang="bnf">drop_index_statement::= DROP INDEX [ IF EXISTS ] index_name</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The <code>DROP INDEX</code> statement is used to drop an existing secondary index.
The argument of the statement is the index name, which may optionally
specify the keyspace of the index.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If the index does not exists, the statement will return an error, unless
<code>IF EXISTS</code> is used in which case the operation is a no-op.</p>
</div>
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