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| <main class="article default-main full-800" data-ceiling="topbar"> |
| <div class="article-banner"> |
| <p>You are viewing the documentation for a prerelease version.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="article-header"> |
| <nav class="crumbs" aria-label="breadcrumbs"> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="crumb">Cassandra</li> |
| <li class="crumb"><a href="overview.html">Vector Search overview</a></li> |
| <li class="crumb"><a href="vector-search-working-with.html">Working with Vector Search</a></li> |
| </ul> |
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| <li class="tool edit"><a href="https://github.com/apache/cassandra/edit/trunk/doc/modules/cassandra/pages/vector-search/vector-search-working-with.adoc" title="Edit Page" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Edit</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <article class="doc"> |
| <h1 class="page">Working with Vector Search</h1> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="create-vector-keyspace"><a class="anchor" href="#create-vector-keyspace"></a>Create vector keyspace</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Create the keyspace you want to use for your Vector Search table. |
| This example uses <code>cycling</code> as the <code>keyspace name</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">CREATE KEYSPACE IF NOT EXISTS cycling |
| WITH REPLICATION = { 'class' : 'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor' : '1' };</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="use-vector-keyspace"><a class="anchor" href="#use-vector-keyspace"></a>Use vector keyspace</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Select the keyspace you want to use for your Vector Search table. This example uses <code>cycling</code> as the <code>keyspace name</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">USE cycling;</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="create-vector-table"><a class="anchor" href="#create-vector-table"></a>Create vector table</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Create a new table in your keyspace, including the <code>comments_vector</code> column for vector. The code below creates a vector with five values:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS cycling.comments_vs ( |
| record_id timeuuid, |
| id uuid, |
| commenter text, |
| comment text, |
| comment_vector VECTOR <FLOAT, 5>, |
| created_at timestamp, |
| PRIMARY KEY (id, created_at) |
| ) |
| WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (created_at DESC);</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Optionally, you can alter an existing table to add a vector column:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">ALTER TABLE cycling.comments_vs |
| ADD comment_vector VECTOR <FLOAT, 5><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>(1)</b></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="create-vector-index"><a class="anchor" href="#create-vector-index"></a>Create vector index</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Create the custom index with Storage Attached Indexing (SAI):</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ann_index |
| ON cycling.comments_vs(comment_vector) USING 'sai';</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For more about SAI, see the <a href="../developing/cql/indexing/sai/sai-overview.html" class="page">Storage Attached Indexing</a> documentation.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonitionblock important"> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="icon"> |
| <i class="fa icon-important" title="Important"></i> |
| </td> |
| <td class="content"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The index can be created with options that define the similarity function:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-asciidoc hljs" data-lang="asciidoc">CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ann_index |
| ON vsearch.com(item_vector) USING 'sai' |
| WITH OPTIONS = { 'similarity_function': 'DOT_PRODUCT' };</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Valid values for the <code>similarity_function</code> are <code>DOT_PRODUCT</code>, <code>COSINE</code>, or <code>EUCLIDEAN</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="load-vector-data-into-your-database"><a class="anchor" href="#load-vector-data-into-your-database"></a>Load vector data into your database</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Insert data into the table using the new type:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| e7ae5cf3-d358-4d99-b900-85902fda9bb0, |
| '2017-02-14 12:43:20-0800', |
| 'Raining too hard should have postponed', |
| 'Alex', |
| [0.45, 0.09, 0.01, 0.2, 0.11] |
| ); |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| e7ae5cf3-d358-4d99-b900-85902fda9bb0, |
| '2017-03-21 13:11:09.999-0800', |
| 'Second rest stop was out of water', |
| 'Alex', |
| [0.99, 0.5, 0.99, 0.1, 0.34] |
| ); |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| e7ae5cf3-d358-4d99-b900-85902fda9bb0, |
| '2017-04-01 06:33:02.16-0800', |
| 'LATE RIDERS SHOULD NOT DELAY THE START', |
| 'Alex', |
| [0.9, 0.54, 0.12, 0.1, 0.95] |
| ); |
| |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| c7fceba0-c141-4207-9494-a29f9809de6f, |
| totimestamp(now()), |
| 'The gift certificate for winning was the best', |
| 'Amy', |
| [0.13, 0.8, 0.35, 0.17, 0.03] |
| ); |
| |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| c7fceba0-c141-4207-9494-a29f9809de6f, |
| '2017-02-17 12:43:20.234+0400', |
| 'Glad you ran the race in the rain', |
| 'Amy', |
| [0.3, 0.34, 0.2, 0.78, 0.25] |
| ); |
| |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| c7fceba0-c141-4207-9494-a29f9809de6f, |
| '2017-03-22 5:16:59.001+0400', |
| 'Great snacks at all reststops', |
| 'Amy', |
| [0.1, 0.4, 0.1, 0.52, 0.09] |
| ); |
| INSERT INTO cycling.comments_vs (record_id, id, created_at, comment, commenter, comment_vector) |
| VALUES ( |
| now(), |
| c7fceba0-c141-4207-9494-a29f9809de6f, |
| '2017-04-01 17:43:08.030+0400', |
| 'Last climb was a killer', |
| 'Amy', |
| [0.3, 0.75, 0.2, 0.2, 0.5] |
| );</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="query-vector-data-with-cql"><a class="anchor" href="#query-vector-data-with-cql"></a>Query vector data with CQL</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To query data using Vector Search, use a <code>SELECT</code> query:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">SELECT * FROM cycling.comments_vs |
| ORDER BY comment_vector ANN OF [0.15, 0.1, 0.1, 0.35, 0.55] |
| LIMIT 3;</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To obtain the similarity calculation of the best scoring node closest to the query data as part of the results, use a <code>SELECT</code> query:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-cql hljs" data-lang="cql">SELECT comment, similarity_cosine(comment_vector, [0.2, 0.15, 0.3, 0.2, 0.05]) |
| FROM cycling.comments_vs |
| ORDER BY comment_vector ANN OF [0.1, 0.15, 0.3, 0.12, 0.05] |
| LIMIT 1;</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The supported functions for this type of query are:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>similarity_dot_product</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>similarity_cosine</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>similarity_euclidean</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>with the parameters of (<vector_column>, <embedding_value>). |
| Both parameters represent vectors.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonitionblock note"> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="icon"> |
| <i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i> |
| </td> |
| <td class="content"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>The limit must be 1,000 or fewer.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Vector Search utilizes Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) that in most cases yields results almost as good as the exact match. The scaling is superior to Exact Nearest Neighbor (KNN).</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Least-similar searches are not supported.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Vector Search works optimally on tables with no overwrites or deletions of the <code>item_vector</code> column. For an <code>item_vector</code> column with changes, expect slower search results.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
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