blob: ec64133a7c02449d3ad5b9d400ba7a9e251ddc59 [file] [log] [blame]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>When to use an index | Apache Cassandra Documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../../../../assets/css/site.css">
<meta name="description" content="When to use and when not to use a 2i index.">
<link rel="schema.dcterms" href="https://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<meta name="dcterms.subject" content="Cassandra">
<meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="trunk">
<meta name="generator" content="Antora 2.3.4">
<link rel="icon" href="../../../../../../../assets/img/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">
<script>
const script = document.createElement("script");
const domain = window.location.hostname;
script.type = "text/javascript";
script.src = "https://plausible.cassandra.apache.org/js/plausible.js";
script.setAttribute("data-domain",domain);
script.setAttribute("defer",'true');
script.setAttribute("async",'true');
document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script);
</script> </head>
<body class="docs-wrapper article">
<div class="container mx-auto relative">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
<meta property="og:description" content="" />
<meta property="og:url" content="/" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache Cassandra" />
<header id="top-nav">
<div class="inner relative">
<div class="header-social-icons text-right">
<a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra?lang=en" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/twitter-icon-circle-white.svg" alt="twitter icon" width="24"></a>
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/apache-cassandra/" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/LI-In-Bug.png" alt="linked-in icon" width="24"></a>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/PlanetCassandra" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/youtube-icon.png" alt="youtube icon" width="24"></a>
</div>
<div class="cf">
<div class="logo left"><a href="/"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/logo-white-r.png" alt="Cassandra Logo"></a></div>
<div class="mobile-nav-icon right">
<img class="toggle-icon" src="../../../../../../../assets/img/hamburger-nav.svg">
</div>
<ul class="main-nav nav-links right flex flex-vert-center flex-space-between">
<li>
<a class="nav-link hide-mobile">Get Started</a>
<ul class="sub-menu bg-white">
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/cassandra-basics.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-basics.png" alt="cassandra basics icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Cassandra Basics
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/quickstart.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-rocket.png" alt="cassandra basics icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Quickstart
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/ecosystem.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-ecosystem.png" alt="cassandra basics icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Ecosystem
</div>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="nav-link" href="/doc/latest/">Documentation</a></li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link" href="/_/community.html">Community</a>
<ul class="sub-menu bg-white">
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/community.html#code-of-conduct">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-welcome.png" alt="welcome icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Welcome
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/community.html#discussions">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-discussions.png" alt="discussions icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Discussions
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/community.html#project-governance">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-governance.png" alt="Governance icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Governance
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/community.html#how-to-contribute">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-contribute.png" alt="Contribute icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Contribute
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/community.html#meet-the-community">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-community.png" alt="Meet the Community icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Meet the Community
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/cassandra-catalyst-program.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-catalyst.png" alt="Catalyst icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Catalyst Program
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro hide-mobile">
<a href="/_/events.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-events.png" alt="Events icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Events
</div>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a class="nav-link hide-mobile">Learn</a>
<ul class="sub-menu bg-white">
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/Apache-Cassandra-5.0-Moving-Toward-an-AI-Driven-Future.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-basics.png" alt="Basics icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Cassandra 5.0
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/case-studies.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-case-study.png" alt="Case Studies icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Case Studies
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/resources.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-resources.png" alt="Resources icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Resources
</div>
</a>
</li>
<li class="pa-micro">
<a href="/_/blog.html">
<div class="sub-nav-icon">
<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-blog.png" alt="Blog icon">
</div>
<div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small">
Blog
</div>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="nav-link btn btn--filled" href="/_/download.html">Download Now</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="hero hero--home grad">
<div class="eye"></div>
<div id="docs-content" class="text-center flex flex-center flex-column relative z2 ma-xlarge">
<h2>Cassandra Documentation</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="body px-medium py-medium container">
<div class="docs-nav-bar flex flex-space-between mb-medium">
<div id="mobile-docs-nav-burger" class="hidden">
<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="36" height="36" stroke="#1c81a0" stroke-width="2.5" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="css-i6dzq1"><line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line><line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line></svg>
</div>
<div class="docs-nav-item relative">
<input id="search-input" type="text" placeholder="Search docs">
</div>
<div class="versions-wrapper">
<h4>Version:</h4>
<div class="nav-panel-explore" data-panel="explore">
<div id="version-toggle" class="context">
<span class="version">trunk</span>
</div>
<ul id="versions-list" class="components">
<li class="component">
<ul class="versions">
<li class="version is-latest">
<a href="../../../../../../../_/index.html">master</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="component is-current">
<ul class="versions">
<li class="version is-current">
<a href="../../../../../index.html">trunk</a>
</li>
<li class="version">
<a href="../../../../../../5.0/index.html">5.0</a>
</li>
<li class="version is-latest">
<a href="../../../../../../4.1/index.html">4.1</a>
</li>
<li class="version">
<a href="../../../../../../4.0/index.html">4.0</a>
</li>
<li class="version">
<a href="../../../../../../3.11/index.html">3.11</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div> </div>
<div class="cf relative">
<nav class="nav docs-nav full-800">
<div class="nav-menu">
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item is-active" data-depth="0">
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="1">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../index.html">Main</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/glossary.html">Glossary</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/bugs.html">How to report bugs</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/contactus.html">Contact us</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/index.html">Development</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/gettingstarted.html">Getting started</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/ide.html">Building and IDE integration</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/testing.html">Testing</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/patches.html">Contributing code changes</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/code_style.html">Code style</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/how_to_review.html">Review checklist</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/how_to_commit.html">How to commit</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/documentation.html">Working on documentation</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/ci.html">Jenkins CI environment</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/dependencies.html">Dependency management</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../../../_/development/release_process.html">Release process</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item is-active" data-depth="0">
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="1">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<span class="nav-text">Cassandra</span>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../overview/faq/index.html">FAQ</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/index.html">Getting Started</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/cassandra-quickstart.html">Cassandra Quickstart</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/sai-quickstart.html">SAI Quickstart</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/vector-search-quickstart.html">Vector Search Quickstart</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../installing/installing.html">Installing Cassandra</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/configuring.html">Configuring Cassandra</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/querying.html">Inserting and querying</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/drivers.html">Client drivers</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/production.html">Production recommendations</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../new/index.html">What&#8217;s new</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/java17.html">Support for Java</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/index.html">Architecture</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/overview.html">Overview</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/dynamo.html">Dynamo</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/storage-engine.html">Storage Engine</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/guarantees.html">Guarantees</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/messaging.html">Improved Internode Messaging</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../architecture/streaming.html">Improved Streaming</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/index.html">Data Modeling</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/intro.html">Introduction</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_conceptual.html">Conceptual data modeling</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_rdbms.html">RDBMS design</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_queries.html">Defining application queries</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_logical.html">Logical data modeling</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_physical.html">Physical data modeling</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_refining.html">Evaluating and refining data models</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_schema.html">Defining database schema</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../data-modeling/data-modeling_tools.html">Cassandra data modeling tools</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../index.html">Cassandra Query Language (CQL)</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../definitions.html">Definitions</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../types.html">Data types</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../ddl.html">Data definition (DDL)</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../dml.html">Data manipulation (DML)</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../dynamic-data-masking.html">Dynamic Data Masking (DDM)</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../operators.html">Operators</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../indexing-concepts.html">Indexing concepts</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../sai/sai-overview.html">SAI Overview</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../sai/sai-concepts.html">Concepts</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/sai-quickstart.html">SAI Quickstart</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../sai/sai-faq.html">SAI FAQ</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../sai/sai-working-with.html">Working with SAI</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../sai/operations/sai-operations.html">SAI operations</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="2i-overview.html">Secondary indexes (2i) overview</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="2i-concepts.html">Concepts</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="2i-working-with.html">Working with 2i</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="operations/2i-build.html">Rebuild 2i</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../mvs.html">Materialized views</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../functions.html">Functions</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../json.html">JSON</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../security.html">Security</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../triggers.html">Triggers</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../appendices.html">Appendices</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../changes.html">Changes</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../SASI.html">SASI</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../cql_singlefile.html">Single file of CQL information</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../vector-search/overview.html">Vector Search overview</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../vector-search/concepts.html">Concepts</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../vector-search/data-modeling.html">Data Modeling</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../getting-started/vector-search-quickstart.html">Vector Search Quickstart</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../vector-search/vector-search-working-with.html">Working with Vector Search</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/index.html">Managing</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/index.html">Configuring</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_yaml_file.html">cassandra.yaml</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_rackdc_file.html">cassandra-rackdc.properties</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_env_sh_file.html">cassandra-env.sh</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_topo_file.html">cassandra-topologies.properties</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_cl_archive_file.html">commitlog-archiving.properties</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_logback_xml_file.html">logback.xml</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/cass_jvm_options_file.html">jvm-* files</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/configuration/configuration.html">Liberating cassandra.yaml Parameters' Names from Their Units</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/index.html">Operating</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/backups.html">Backups</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/bloom_filters.html">Bloom filters</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/bulk_loading.html">Bulk loading</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/cdc.html">Change Data Capture (CDC)</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/compaction/index.html">Compaction</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/compression.html">Compression</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/hardware.html">Hardware</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/hints.html">Hints</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/logging.html">Logging</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/auditlogging.html">Audit logging</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/audit_logging.html">Audit logging 2</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="5">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/fqllogging.html">Full query logging</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/metrics.html">Monitoring metrics</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/repair.html">Repair</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/read_repair.html">Read repair</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/security.html">Security</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/snitch.html">Snitches</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/topo_changes.html">Topology changes</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/transientreplication.html">Transient replication</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/operating/virtualtables.html">Virtual tables</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/tools/index.html">Tools</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/tools/cqlsh.html">cqlsh: the CQL shell</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/tools/nodetool/nodetool.html">nodetool</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../managing/tools/sstable/index.html">SSTable tools</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="4">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="#cassandra:managing/tools/cassandra_stress.adoc">cassandra-stress</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../troubleshooting/index.html">Troubleshooting</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../troubleshooting/finding_nodes.html">Finding misbehaving nodes</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../troubleshooting/reading_logs.html">Reading Cassandra logs</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../troubleshooting/use_nodetool.html">Using nodetool</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../troubleshooting/use_tools.html">Using external tools to deep-dive</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<button class="nav-toggle"></button>
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/index.html">Reference</a>
</span>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/alter-table.html">ALTER TABLE</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/create-index.html">CREATE INDEX</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/create-custom-index.html">CREATE CUSTOM INDEX</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/create-table.html">CREATE TABLE</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/drop-index.html">DROP INDEX</a>
</span>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="3">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/drop-table.html">DROP TABLE</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="nav-item" data-depth="2">
<span class="nav-line">
<a class="nav-link" href="../../../../integrating/plugins/index.html">Plug-ins</a>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<aside class="toc sidebar">
<div class="toc-menu"></div>
</aside>
<main class="article default-main full-800" data-ceiling="topbar">
<div class="article-banner">
<p>You are viewing the documentation for a prerelease version.</p>
</div>
<div class="article-header">
<nav class="crumbs" aria-label="breadcrumbs">
<ul>
<li class="crumb"><a href="../../../../../index.html">Cassandra</a></li>
<li class="crumb"><a href="2i-when-to-use.html">When to use an index</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="tools" role="navigation">
<ul>
<li class="tool edit"><a href="https://github.com/apache/cassandra/edit/trunk/doc/modules/cassandra/pages/developing/cql/indexing/2i/2i-when-to-use.adoc" title="Edit Page" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Edit</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<article class="doc">
<h1 class="page">When to use an index</h1>
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Built-in indexes are best on a table having many rows that contain the indexed value.
The more unique values that exist in a particular column, the more overhead on average is required to query and maintain the index.
For example, suppose you had a races table with a billion entries for cyclists in hundreds of races and wanted to look up rank by the cyclist.
Many cyclists' ranks will share the same column value for race year.
The <code>race_year</code> column is a good candidate for an index.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If secondary indexes are required, based on one or more table columns other than its partition key, use Storage-Attached Indexing (SAI).
For details, see <a href="../../../../reference/cql-commands/create-custom-index.html" class="page">CREATE CUSTOM INDEX</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="when-no-index"><a class="anchor" href="#when-no-index"></a>When <em>not</em> to use an index</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Do not use an index in these situations:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>On high-cardinality columns for a query of a huge volume of records for a small number of results.
See <a href="#highCardCol">Problems using a high-cardinality column index</a> below.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>In tables that use a counter column.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>On a frequently updated or deleted column.
See <a href="#upDatIndx">Problems using an index on a frequently updated or deleted column</a> below.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>To look for a row in a large partition unless narrowly queried.
See <a href="#largCluster">Problems using an index to look for a row in a large partition unless narrowly queried</a> below.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Do not add a secondary index and a search index to the same table.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="highCardCol"><a class="anchor" href="#highCardCol"></a>Problems using a high-cardinality column index</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you create an index on a high-cardinality column, which has many distinct values, a query between the fields incurs many seeks for very few results.
In the table with a billion songs, looking up songs by writer (a value that is typically unique for each song) instead of by their recording artist is likely to be very inefficient.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>It would probably be more efficient to manually maintain the table as a form of an index instead of using the built-in index.
For columns containing unique data, it is sometimes better for performance to use an index for convenience, as long as the query volume to the table having an indexed column is moderate and not under constant load.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Conversely, creating an index on an extremely low-cardinality column, such as a boolean column, does not make sense.
Each value in the index becomes a single row in the index, resulting in a huge row for all the false values, for example.
Indexing a multitude of indexed columns having foo = true and foo = false is not useful.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="upDatIndx"><a class="anchor" href="#upDatIndx"></a>Problems using an index on a frequently updated or deleted column</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The database stores tombstones in the index until the tombstone limit reaches 100K cells.
After exceeding the tombstone limit, the query that uses the indexed value will fail.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="largCluster"><a class="anchor" href="#largCluster"></a>Problems using an index to look for a row in a large partition unless narrowly queried</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A query on an indexed column in a large cluster typically requires collating responses from multiple data partitions.
The query response slows down as more machines are added to the cluster.
When looking for a row in a large partition, narrow the search to avoid query performance degradation.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
</main>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="grad grad--two flex-center pb-xlarge">
<div class="inner text-center z2 relative">
<h2 class="white py-small">Get started with Cassandra, fast.</h2>
<a id="footer-cta" href="/_/quickstart.html" class="btn btn--filled ma-medium">Quickstart Guide</a>
</div>
<div class="inner flex flex-distribute-items mt-xlarge z2 relative">
<div class="col-2">
<div id="footer-logo" class="logo logo--footer mb-medium"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/logo-white-r.png" alt="Cassandra Logo"></div>
<p>Apache Cassandra<img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/registered.svg" alt="®" style="width:18px;"> powers mission-critical deployments with improved performance and unparalleled levels of scale in the cloud.</p>
<div class="footer-social-icons">
<a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra?lang=en" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/twitter-icon-circle-white.svg" alt="twitter icon" width="24"></a>
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/apache-cassandra/" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/LI-In-Bug.png" alt="linked-in icon" width="24"></a>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/PlanetCassandra" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img/youtube-icon.png" alt="youtube icon" width="24"></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-2 flex flex-center">
<ul class="columns-2">
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/">Home</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/cassandra-basics.html">Cassandra Basics</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/quickstart.html">Quickstart</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/ecosystem.html">Ecosystem</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/doc/latest/">Documentation</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/community.html">Community</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/case-studies.html">Case Studies</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/resources.html">Resources</a></li>
<li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/blog.html">Blog</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<div class="lower-footer bg-white pa-medium">
<div class="flex flex-row flex-vert-center">
<div class="pr-medium"><img src="../../../../../../../assets/img//feather-small.png" alt="ASF" width="20"></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="http://www.apache.org/" target="_blank">Foundation</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event.html" target="_blank">Events</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">License</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks" target="_blank">Thanks</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security" target="_blank">Security</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://privacy.apache.org/policies/privacy-policy-public.html" target="_blank">Privacy</a></div>
<div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship" target="_blank">Sponsorship</a></div>
</div>
<p class="my-medium">© 2009-<script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear())</script> <a href="https://apache.org" target="_blank">The Apache Software Foundation</a> under the terms of the Apache License 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache Cassandra, Cassandra, and the Cassandra logo, are either registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.</p>
</div>
<div id="fade" class="hidden"></div>
<div id="modal" class="hidden">
<div id="close-modal" class="cursor-pointer"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="css-i6dzq1"><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg></div>
<div id="mod-content" class="vid-mod-content resp-container"></div>
</div>
<script src="../../../../../../../assets/js/site.js"></script>
<script async src="../../../../../../../assets/js/vendor/highlight.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../../../../assets/js/vendor/lunr.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../../../../assets/js/vendor/search.js" id="search-script" data-base-path="../../../../../../.." data-page-path="/Cassandra/trunk/cassandra/developing/cql/indexing/2i/2i-when-to-use.html"></script>
<script async src="../../../../../../../assets/../search-index.js"></script>
<script>
jQuery(function(){
var windowW = $(window).width();
$(document)
.on('click','.mobile-nav-icon',function(){
$('.main-nav').fadeIn();
})
.on('click','.main-nav',function(){
if(windowW <= 1000){
$(this).fadeOut();
}
})
.on('click','#version-toggle',function(){
$(this).toggleClass('active');
$(this).next().fadeToggle();
})
.on('click','#mobile-docs-nav-burger', function(){
$(this).toggleClass('active');
$('.docs-nav').toggleClass('active');
});
var url = window.location.pathname;
var isQuickstart = url.includes('quickstart.html');
if(isQuickstart){
var footerCTA = document.getElementById('footer-cta');
footerCTA.innerHTML = 'Get latest updates';
footerCTA.setAttribute('href', '/_/blog.html');
}
});
</script>
</div>
</body>
</html>