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| <article class="doc"> |
| <h1 class="page">cqlsh: the CQL shell</h1> |
| <div id="preamble"> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>cqlsh</code> is a command-line interface for interacting with Cassandra using CQL (the Cassandra Query Language). |
| It is shipped with every Cassandra package, and can be found in the bin/ directory alongside the cassandra |
| executable. |
| <code>cqlsh</code> is implemented with the Python native protocol driver, and connects to the single specified node.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="compatibility"><a class="anchor" href="#compatibility"></a><a class="link" href="#compatibility">Compatibility</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>cqlsh</code> is compatible with Python 2.7.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In general, a given version of <code>cqlsh</code> is only guaranteed to work with the |
| version of Cassandra that it was released with. |
| In some cases, <code>cqlsh</code> may work with older or newer versions of Cassandra, but this is not |
| officially supported.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="optional-dependencies"><a class="anchor" href="#optional-dependencies"></a><a class="link" href="#optional-dependencies">Optional Dependencies</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>cqlsh</code> ships with all essential dependencies. However, there are some |
| optional dependencies that can be installed to improve the capabilities |
| of <code>cqlsh</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="pytz"><a class="anchor" href="#pytz"></a><a class="link" href="#pytz">pytz</a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>By default, <code>cqlsh</code> displays all timestamps with a UTC timezone. |
| To support display of timestamps with another timezone, install |
| the <a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net/">pytz</a> library. |
| See the <code>timezone</code> option in <a href="#cql/tools/cqlsh.adoc#cqlshrc" class="page unresolved">cqlshrc</a> for specifying a timezone to |
| use.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="cython"><a class="anchor" href="#cython"></a><a class="link" href="#cython">cython</a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The performance of cqlsh’s <code>COPY</code> operations can be improved by |
| installing <a href="http://cython.org/">cython</a>. This will compile the python |
| modules that are central to the performance of <code>COPY</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="cqlshrc"><a class="anchor" href="#cqlshrc"></a><a class="link" href="#cqlshrc">cqlshrc</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>cqlshrc</code> file holds configuration options for <code>cqlsh</code>. |
| By default, the file is locagted the user’s home directory at <code>~/.cassandra/cqlsh</code>, but a |
| custom location can be specified with the <code>--cqlshrc</code> option.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Example config values and documentation can be found in the |
| <code>conf/cqlshrc.sample</code> file of a tarball installation. |
| You can also view the latest version of the |
| <a href="https://github.com/apache/cassandra/blob/trunk/conf/cqlshrc.sample">cqlshrc file online</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="command-line-options"><a class="anchor" href="#command-line-options"></a><a class="link" href="#command-line-options">Command Line Options</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Usage:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>cqlsh [options] [host [port]]</code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Options:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-C</code> <code>--color</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Force color output</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-color</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Disable color output</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--browser</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify the browser to use for displaying cqlsh help. This can be one |
| of the <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/webbrowser.html">supported |
| browser names</a> (e.g. <code>firefox</code>) or a browser path followed by <code>%s</code> |
| (e.g. <code>/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable %s</code>).</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ssl</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Use SSL when connecting to Cassandra</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-u</code> <code>--user</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Username to authenticate against Cassandra with</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-p</code> <code>--password</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Password to authenticate against Cassandra with, should be used in |
| conjunction with <code>--user</code></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-k</code> <code>--keyspace</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Keyspace to authenticate to, should be used in conjunction with |
| <code>--user</code></p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-f</code> <code>--file</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Execute commands from the given file, then exit</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--debug</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Print additional debugging information</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--encoding</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify a non-default encoding for output (defaults to UTF-8)</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--cqlshrc</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify a non-default location for the <code>cqlshrc</code> file</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-e</code> <code>--execute</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Execute the given statement, then exit</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--connect-timeout</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify the connection timeout in seconds (defaults to 2s)</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--python /path/to/python</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify the full path to Python interpreter to override default on |
| systems with multiple interpreters installed</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--request-timeout</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Specify the request timeout in seconds (defaults to 10s)</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-t</code> <code>--tty</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Force tty mode (command prompt)</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="special-commands"><a class="anchor" href="#special-commands"></a><a class="link" href="#special-commands">Special Commands</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In addition to supporting regular CQL statements, <code>cqlsh</code> also supports a |
| number of special commands that are not part of CQL. These are detailed |
| below.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="consistency"><a class="anchor" href="#consistency"></a><a class="link" href="#consistency"><code>CONSISTENCY</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>: <code>CONSISTENCY <consistency level></code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Sets the consistency level for operations to follow. Valid arguments |
| include:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>ANY</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>ONE</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>TWO</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>THREE</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>QUORUM</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>ALL</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>LOCAL_QUORUM</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>LOCAL_ONE</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>SERIAL</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>LOCAL_SERIAL</code></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="serial-consistency"><a class="anchor" href="#serial-consistency"></a><a class="link" href="#serial-consistency"><code>SERIAL CONSISTENCY</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>: <code>SERIAL CONSISTENCY <consistency level></code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Sets the serial consistency level for operations to follow. Valid |
| arguments include:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>SERIAL</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>LOCAL_SERIAL</code></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The serial consistency level is only used by conditional updates |
| (<code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> and <code>DELETE</code> with an <code>IF</code> condition). For those, the |
| serial consistency level defines the consistency level of the serial |
| phase (or “paxos” phase) while the normal consistency level defines the |
| consistency for the “learn” phase, i.e. what type of reads will be |
| guaranteed to see the update right away. For example, if a conditional |
| write has a consistency level of <code>QUORUM</code> (and is successful), then a |
| <code>QUORUM</code> read is guaranteed to see that write. But if the regular |
| consistency level of that write is <code>ANY</code>, then only a read with a |
| consistency level of <code>SERIAL</code> is guaranteed to see it (even a read with |
| consistency <code>ALL</code> is not guaranteed to be enough).</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="show-version"><a class="anchor" href="#show-version"></a><a class="link" href="#show-version"><code>SHOW VERSION</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Prints the <code>cqlsh</code>, Cassandra, CQL, and native protocol versions in use. |
| Example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">cqlsh> SHOW VERSION |
| [cqlsh 5.0.1 | Cassandra 3.8 | CQL spec 3.4.2 | Native protocol v4]</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="show-host"><a class="anchor" href="#show-host"></a><a class="link" href="#show-host"><code>SHOW HOST</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Prints the IP address and port of the Cassandra node that <code>cqlsh</code> is |
| connected to in addition to the cluster name. Example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">cqlsh> SHOW HOST |
| Connected to Prod_Cluster at 192.0.0.1:9042.</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="show-session"><a class="anchor" href="#show-session"></a><a class="link" href="#show-session"><code>SHOW SESSION</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Pretty prints a specific tracing session.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>: <code>SHOW SESSION <session id></code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Example usage:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">cqlsh> SHOW SESSION 95ac6470-327e-11e6-beca-dfb660d92ad8 |
| |
| Tracing session: 95ac6470-327e-11e6-beca-dfb660d92ad8 |
| |
| activity | timestamp | source | source_elapsed | client |
| -----------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------+----------------+----------- |
| Execute CQL3 query | 2016-06-14 17:23:13.979000 | 127.0.0.1 | 0 | 127.0.0.1 |
| Parsing SELECT * FROM system.local; [SharedPool-Worker-1] | 2016-06-14 17:23:13.982000 | 127.0.0.1 | 3843 | 127.0.0.1 |
| ...</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="source"><a class="anchor" href="#source"></a><a class="link" href="#source"><code>SOURCE</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Reads the contents of a file and executes each line as a CQL statement |
| or special cqlsh command.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>: <code>SOURCE <string filename></code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Example usage:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">cqlsh> SOURCE '/home/calvinhobbs/commands.cql'</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="capture"><a class="anchor" href="#capture"></a><a class="link" href="#capture"><code>CAPTURE</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Begins capturing command output and appending it to a specified file. |
| Output will not be shown at the console while it is captured.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">CAPTURE '<file>'; |
| CAPTURE OFF; |
| CAPTURE;</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>That is, the path to the file to be appended to must be given inside a |
| string literal. The path is interpreted relative to the current working |
| directory. The tilde shorthand notation (<code>'~/mydir'</code>) is supported for |
| referring to <code>$HOME</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Only query result output is captured. Errors and output from cqlsh-only |
| commands will still be shown in the cqlsh session.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To stop capturing output and show it in the cqlsh session again, use |
| <code>CAPTURE OFF</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>To inspect the current capture configuration, use <code>CAPTURE</code> with no |
| arguments.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="help"><a class="anchor" href="#help"></a><a class="link" href="#help"><code>HELP</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Gives information about cqlsh commands. To see available topics, enter |
| <code>HELP</code> without any arguments. To see help on a topic, use |
| <code>HELP <topic></code>. Also see the <code>--browser</code> argument for controlling what |
| browser is used to display help.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="tracing"><a class="anchor" href="#tracing"></a><a class="link" href="#tracing"><code>TRACING</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Enables or disables tracing for queries. When tracing is enabled, once a |
| query completes, a trace of the events during the query will be printed.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">TRACING ON |
| TRACING OFF</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="paging"><a class="anchor" href="#paging"></a><a class="link" href="#paging"><code>PAGING</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Enables paging, disables paging, or sets the page size for read queries. |
| When paging is enabled, only one page of data will be fetched at a time |
| and a prompt will appear to fetch the next page. Generally, it’s a good |
| idea to leave paging enabled in an interactive session to avoid fetching |
| and printing large amounts of data at once.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">PAGING ON |
| PAGING OFF |
| PAGING <page size in rows></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="expand"><a class="anchor" href="#expand"></a><a class="link" href="#expand"><code>EXPAND</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Enables or disables vertical printing of rows. Enabling <code>EXPAND</code> is |
| useful when many columns are fetched, or the contents of a single column |
| are large.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">EXPAND ON |
| EXPAND OFF</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="login"><a class="anchor" href="#login"></a><a class="link" href="#login"><code>LOGIN</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Authenticate as a specified Cassandra user for the current session.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">LOGIN <username> [<password>]</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="exit"><a class="anchor" href="#exit"></a><a class="link" href="#exit"><code>EXIT</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Ends the current session and terminates the cqlsh process.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">EXIT |
| QUIT</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="clear"><a class="anchor" href="#clear"></a><a class="link" href="#clear"><code>CLEAR</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Clears the console.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">CLEAR |
| CLS</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="describe"><a class="anchor" href="#describe"></a><a class="link" href="#describe"><code>DESCRIBE</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Prints a description (typically a series of DDL statements) of a schema |
| element or the cluster. This is useful for dumping all or portions of |
| the schema.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">DESCRIBE CLUSTER |
| DESCRIBE SCHEMA |
| DESCRIBE KEYSPACES |
| DESCRIBE KEYSPACE <keyspace name> |
| DESCRIBE TABLES |
| DESCRIBE TABLE <table name> |
| DESCRIBE INDEX <index name> |
| DESCRIBE MATERIALIZED VIEW <view name> |
| DESCRIBE TYPES |
| DESCRIBE TYPE <type name> |
| DESCRIBE FUNCTIONS |
| DESCRIBE FUNCTION <function name> |
| DESCRIBE AGGREGATES |
| DESCRIBE AGGREGATE <aggregate function name></code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In any of the commands, <code>DESC</code> may be used in place of <code>DESCRIBE</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>DESCRIBE CLUSTER</code> command prints the cluster name and partitioner:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">cqlsh> DESCRIBE CLUSTER |
| |
| Cluster: Test Cluster |
| Partitioner: Murmur3Partitioner</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>DESCRIBE SCHEMA</code> command prints the DDL statements needed to |
| recreate the entire schema. This is especially useful for dumping the |
| schema in order to clone a cluster or restore from a backup.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="copy-to"><a class="anchor" href="#copy-to"></a><a class="link" href="#copy-to"><code>COPY TO</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Copies data from a table to a CSV file.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">COPY <table name> [(<column>, ...)] TO <file name> WITH <copy option> [AND <copy option> ...]</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If no columns are specified, all columns from the table will be copied |
| to the CSV file. A subset of columns to copy may be specified by adding |
| a comma-separated list of column names surrounded by parenthesis after |
| the table name.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code><file name></code> should be a string literal (with single quotes) |
| representing a path to the destination file. This can also the special |
| value <code>STDOUT</code> (without single quotes) to print the CSV to stdout.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>See <code>shared-copy-options</code> for options that apply to both <code>COPY TO</code> and |
| <code>COPY FROM</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="options-for-copy-to"><a class="anchor" href="#options-for-copy-to"></a><a class="link" href="#options-for-copy-to">Options for <code>COPY TO</code></a></h4> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXREQUESTS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum number token ranges to fetch simultaneously. Defaults to |
| 6.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>PAGESIZE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The number of rows to fetch in a single page. Defaults to 1000.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>PAGETIMEOUT</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>By default the page timeout is 10 seconds per 1000 entries in the page |
| size or 10 seconds if pagesize is smaller.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>BEGINTOKEN</code>, <code>ENDTOKEN</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Token range to export. Defaults to exporting the full ring.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXOUTPUTSIZE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum size of the output file measured in number of lines; |
| beyond this maximum the output file will be split into segments. -1 |
| means unlimited, and is the default.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>ENCODING</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The encoding used for characters. Defaults to <code>utf8</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="copy-from"><a class="anchor" href="#copy-from"></a><a class="link" href="#copy-from"><code>COPY FROM</code></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Copies data from a CSV file to table.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Usage</code>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-none hljs" data-lang="none">COPY <table name> [(<column>, ...)] FROM <file name> WITH <copy option> [AND <copy option> ...]</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>If no columns are specified, all columns from the CSV file will be |
| copied to the table. A subset of columns to copy may be specified by |
| adding a comma-separated list of column names surrounded by parenthesis |
| after the table name.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code><file name></code> should be a string literal (with single quotes) |
| representing a path to the source file. This can also the special value |
| <code>STDIN</code> (without single quotes) to read the CSV data from stdin.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>See <code>shared-copy-options</code> for options that apply to both <code>COPY TO</code> and |
| <code>COPY FROM</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="options-for-copy-to-2"><a class="anchor" href="#options-for-copy-to-2"></a><a class="link" href="#options-for-copy-to-2">Options for <code>COPY TO</code></a></h4> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>INGESTRATE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum number of rows to process per second. Defaults to 100000.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXROWS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum number of rows to import. -1 means unlimited, and is the |
| default.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>SKIPROWS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>A number of initial rows to skip. Defaults to 0.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>SKIPCOLS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>A comma-separated list of column names to ignore. By default, no |
| columns are skipped.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXPARSEERRORS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum global number of parsing errors to ignore. -1 means |
| unlimited, and is the default.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXINSERTERRORS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum global number of insert errors to ignore. -1 means |
| unlimited. The default is 1000.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>ERRFILE</code> =</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>A file to store all rows that could not be imported, by default this |
| is <code>import_<ks>_<table>.err</code> where <code><ks></code> is your keyspace and |
| <code><table></code> is your table name.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXBATCHSIZE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The max number of rows inserted in a single batch. Defaults to 20.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MINBATCHSIZE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The min number of rows inserted in a single batch. Defaults to 2.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>CHUNKSIZE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The number of rows that are passed to child worker processes from the |
| main process at a time. Defaults to 1000.</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="shared-copy-options"><a class="anchor" href="#shared-copy-options"></a><a class="link" href="#shared-copy-options">Shared COPY Options</a></h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Options that are common to both <code>COPY TO</code> and <code>COPY FROM</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>NULLVAL</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The string placeholder for null values. Defaults to <code>null</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>HEADER</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>For <code>COPY TO</code>, controls whether the first line in the CSV output file |
| will contain the column names. For COPY FROM, specifies whether the |
| first line in the CSV input file contains column names. Defaults to |
| <code>false</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>DECIMALSEP</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The character that is used as the decimal point separator. Defaults to |
| <code>.</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>THOUSANDSSEP</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The character that is used to separate thousands. Defaults to the |
| empty string.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>BOOLSTYlE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The string literal format for boolean values. Defaults to |
| <code>True,False</code>.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>NUMPROCESSES</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The number of child worker processes to create for <code>COPY</code> tasks. |
| Defaults to a max of 4 for <code>COPY FROM</code> and 16 for <code>COPY TO</code>. However, |
| at most (num_cores - 1) processes will be created.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>MAXATTEMPTS</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>The maximum number of failed attempts to fetch a range of data (when |
| using <code>COPY TO</code>) or insert a chunk of data (when using <code>COPY FROM</code>) |
| before giving up. Defaults to 5.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>REPORTFREQUENCY</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>How often status updates are refreshed, in seconds. Defaults to 0.25.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1"><code>RATEFILE</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>An optional file to output rate statistics to. By default, statistics |
| are not output to a file.</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
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