| <!DOCTYPE html> |
| <html> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <head> |
| <meta charset="utf-8"> |
| <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> |
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> |
| <meta name="description" content="The Apache Cassandra database is the right choice when you need scalability and high availability without compromising performance. Linear scalability and proven fault-tolerance on commodity hardware or cloud infrastructure make it the perfect platform for mission-critical data. Cassandra's support for replicating across multiple datacenters is best-in-class, providing lower latency for your users and the peace of mind of knowing that you can survive regional outages. |
| "> |
| <meta name="keywords" content="cassandra, apache, apache cassandra, distributed storage, key value store, scalability, bigtable, dynamo" /> |
| <meta name="robots" content="index,follow" /> |
| <meta name="language" content="en" /> |
| |
| <title>Documentation</title> |
| |
| <link rel="canonical" href="http://cassandra.apache.org/doc/4.0/operating/"> |
| |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-1q8mTJOASx8j1Au+a5WDVnPi2lkFfwwEAa8hDDdjZlpLegxhjVME1fgjWPGmkzs7" crossorigin="anonymous"> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="./../../../css/style.css"> |
| |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="./../../../css/sphinx.css"> |
| |
| |
| <link rel="top" title="Apache Cassandra Documentation v4.0" href="../index.html"/> <link rel="next" title="Snitch" href="snitch.html"/> <link rel="prev" title="Cassandra Configuration File" href="../configuration/cassandra_config_file.html"/> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.2.0/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-hWVjflwFxL6sNzntih27bfxkr27PmbbK/iSvJ+a4+0owXq79v+lsFkW54bOGbiDQ" crossorigin="anonymous"> |
| |
| <link type="application/atom+xml" rel="alternate" href="http://cassandra.apache.org/feed.xml" title="Apache Cassandra Website" /> |
| </head> |
| |
| <body> |
| <!-- breadcrumbs --> |
| <div class="topnav"> |
| <div class="container breadcrumb-container"> |
| <ul class="breadcrumb"> |
| <li> |
| <div class="dropdown"> |
| <img class="asf-logo" src="./../../../img/asf_feather.png" /> |
| <a data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">Apache Software Foundation <span class="caret"></span></a> |
| <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel"> |
| <li><a href="http://www.apache.org">Apache Homepage</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/">License</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html">Sponsorship</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html">Thanks</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/security/">Security</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| |
| |
| <li><a href="./../../../">Apache Cassandra</a></li> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <li><a href="./../../../doc">Documentation</a></li> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <li>Operating Cassandra</li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| <!-- navbar --> |
| <nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top" role="navigation"> |
| <div class="container"> |
| <div class="navbar-header"> |
| <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#cassandra-menu" aria-expanded="false"> |
| <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| </button> |
| <a class="navbar-brand" href="./../../../"><img src="./../../../img/cassandra_logo.png" alt="Apache Cassandra logo" /></a> |
| </div><!-- /.navbar-header --> |
| |
| <div id="cassandra-menu" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> |
| <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> |
| <li><a href="./../../../">Home</a></li> |
| <li><a href="./../../../download/">Download</a></li> |
| <li><a href="./../../../doc/">Documentation</a></li> |
| <li><a href="./../../../community/">Community</a></li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="./../../../blog/">Blog</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div><!-- /#cassandra-menu --> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| </nav><!-- /.navbar --> |
| </div><!-- /.topnav --> |
| |
| <div class="container-fluid"> |
| <div class="row"> |
| <div class="col-md-3"> |
| <div class="doc-navigation"> |
| <div class="doc-menu" role="navigation"> |
| <div class="navbar-header"> |
| <button type="button" class="pull-left navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".sidebar-navbar-collapse"> |
| <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| <span class="icon-bar"></span> |
| </button> |
| </div> |
| <div class="navbar-collapse collapse sidebar-navbar-collapse"> |
| <form id="doc-search-form" class="navbar-form" action="../search.html" method="get" role="search"> |
| <div class="form-group"> |
| <input type="text" size="30" class="form-control input-sm" name="q" placeholder="Search docs"> |
| <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> |
| <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> |
| </div> |
| </form> |
| |
| |
| |
| <ul class="current"> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../getting_started/index.html">Getting Started</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../architecture/index.html">Architecture</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../data_modeling/index.html">Data Modeling</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../cql/index.html">The Cassandra Query Language (CQL)</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../configuration/index.html">Configuring Cassandra</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Operating Cassandra</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="snitch.html">Snitch</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html">Adding, replacing, moving and removing nodes</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="repair.html">Repair</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="read_repair.html">Read repair</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hints.html">Hints</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html">Compaction</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bloom_filters.html">Bloom Filters</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html">Compression</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html">Change Data Capture</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="backups.html">Backups</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bulk_loading.html">Bulk Loading</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html">Monitoring</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html">Security</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html">Hardware Choices</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../tools/index.html">Cassandra Tools</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../troubleshooting/index.html">Troubleshooting</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../development/index.html">Contributing to Cassandra</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../faq/index.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../plugins/index.html">Third-Party Plugins</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../bugs.html">Reporting Bugs</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../contactus.html">Contact us</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| |
| |
| </div><!--/.nav-collapse --> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="col-md-8"> |
| <div class="content doc-content"> |
| <div class="content-container"> |
| |
| <div class="section" id="operating-cassandra"> |
| <h1>Operating Cassandra<a class="headerlink" href="#operating-cassandra" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> |
| <div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="snitch.html">Snitch</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="snitch.html#dynamic-snitching">Dynamic snitching</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="snitch.html#snitch-classes">Snitch classes</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html">Adding, replacing, moving and removing nodes</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#bootstrap">Bootstrap</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#removing-nodes">Removing nodes</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#moving-nodes">Moving nodes</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#replacing-a-dead-node">Replacing a dead node</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#monitoring-progress">Monitoring progress</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topo_changes.html#cleanup-data-after-range-movements">Cleanup data after range movements</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="repair.html">Repair</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="repair.html#incremental-and-full-repairs">Incremental and Full Repairs</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="repair.html#usage-and-best-practices">Usage and Best Practices</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="repair.html#other-options">Other Options</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="read_repair.html">Read repair</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="hints.html">Hints</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html">Compaction</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#types-of-compaction">Types of compaction</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#when-is-a-minor-compaction-triggered">When is a minor compaction triggered?</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#merging-sstables">Merging sstables</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#tombstones-and-garbage-collection-gc-grace">Tombstones and Garbage Collection (GC) Grace</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#ttl">TTL</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#fully-expired-sstables">Fully expired sstables</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#repaired-unrepaired-data">Repaired/unrepaired data</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#data-directories">Data directories</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#single-sstable-tombstone-compaction">Single sstable tombstone compaction</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#common-options">Common options</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#compaction-nodetool-commands">Compaction nodetool commands</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#switching-the-compaction-strategy-and-options-using-jmx">Switching the compaction strategy and options using JMX</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#more-detailed-compaction-logging">More detailed compaction logging</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#size-tiered-compaction-strategy">Size Tiered Compaction Strategy</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#leveled-compaction-strategy">Leveled Compaction Strategy</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compaction.html#time-window-compactionstrategy">Time Window CompactionStrategy</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="bloom_filters.html">Bloom Filters</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bloom_filters.html#changing">Changing</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html">Compression</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html#configuring-compression">Configuring Compression</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html#benefits-and-uses">Benefits and Uses</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html#operational-impact">Operational Impact</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compression.html#advanced-use">Advanced Use</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html">Change Data Capture</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html#overview">Overview</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html#configuration">Configuration</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html#reading-commitlogsegments">Reading CommitLogSegments</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html#warnings">Warnings</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cdc.html#further-reading">Further Reading</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="backups.html">Backups</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="bulk_loading.html">Bulk Loading</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html">Monitoring</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#metric-types">Metric Types</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#table-metrics">Table Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#keyspace-metrics">Keyspace Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#threadpool-metrics">ThreadPool Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#client-request-metrics">Client Request Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#cache-metrics">Cache Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#cql-metrics">CQL Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#droppedmessage-metrics">DroppedMessage Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#streaming-metrics">Streaming Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#compaction-metrics">Compaction Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#commitlog-metrics">CommitLog Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#storage-metrics">Storage Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#hintedhandoff-metrics">HintedHandoff Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#hintsservice-metrics">HintsService Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#sstable-index-metrics">SSTable Index Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#bufferpool-metrics">BufferPool Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#client-metrics">Client Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#batch-metrics">Batch Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#jvm-metrics">JVM Metrics</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#jmx">JMX</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metrics.html#metric-reporters">Metric Reporters</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html">Security</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#tls-ssl-encryption">TLS/SSL Encryption</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#ssl-certificate-hot-reloading">SSL Certificate Hot Reloading</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#roles">Roles</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#authentication">Authentication</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#authorization">Authorization</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#caching">Caching</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html#jmx-access">JMX access</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html">Hardware Choices</a><ul> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#cpu">CPU</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#memory">Memory</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#disks">Disks</a></li> |
| <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#common-cloud-choices">Common Cloud Choices</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <div class="doc-prev-next-links" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> |
| |
| <a href="snitch.html" class="btn btn-default pull-right " role="button" title="Snitch" accesskey="n">Next <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a> |
| |
| |
| <a href="../configuration/cassandra_config_file.html" class="btn btn-default" role="button" title="Cassandra Configuration File" accesskey="p"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-circle-arrow-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a> |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <hr /> |
| |
| <footer> |
| <div class="container"> |
| <div class="col-md-4 social-blk"> |
| <span class="social"> |
| <a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra" |
| class="twitter-follow-button" |
| data-show-count="false" data-size="large">Follow @cassandra</a> |
| <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> |
| <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?button_hashtag=cassandra" |
| class="twitter-hashtag-button" |
| data-size="large" |
| data-related="ApacheCassandra">Tweet #cassandra</a> |
| <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script> |
| |
| </span> |
| <a class="subscribe-rss icon-link" href="/feed.xml" title="Subscribe to Blog via RSS"> |
| <span><i class="fa fa-rss"></i></span> |
| </a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="col-md-8 trademark"> |
| <p>© 2016 <a href="http://apache.org">The Apache Software Foundation</a>. |
| Apache, the Apache feather logo, and Apache Cassandra are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. |
| <p> |
| </div> |
| </div><!-- /.container --> |
| </footer> |
| |
| <!-- Javascript. Placed here so pages load faster --> |
| <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script> |
| <script src="./../../../js/underscore-min.js"></script> |
| <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-0mSbJDEHialfmuBBQP6A4Qrprq5OVfW37PRR3j5ELqxss1yVqOtnepnHVP9aJ7xS" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> |
| |
| |
| <script src="./../../../js/doctools.js"></script> |
| <script src="./../../../js/searchtools.js"></script> |
| |
| <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: "", VERSION: "", COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: ".html", HAS_SOURCE: false, SOURCELINK_SUFFIX: ".txt" }; </script> |
| |
| |
| |
| <script type="text/javascript"> |
| var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); |
| document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); |
| |
| try { |
| var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-11583863-1"); |
| pageTracker._trackPageview(); |
| } catch(err) {} |
| </script> |
| |
| |
| </body> |
| </html> |