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<h2 id="downloading-cassandra">Downloading Cassandra</h2>
<h3 id="latest-version">Latest version</h3>
<p>Cassandra is moving to a monthly release process called Tick-Tock. <strong>Even-numbered</strong> releases (e.g. 3.2) contain new
features; <strong>odd-numbered</strong> releases (e.g. 3.3) contain bug fixes only. If a critical bug is found, a patch will be
released against the most recent bug fix release. Read more about <a href="http://www.planetcassandra.org/blog/cassandra-2-2-3-0-and-beyond/">tick-tock here</a>.</p>
<p>Download the latest Cassandra release: <a href="http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/cassandra/3.10/apache-cassandra-3.10-bin.tar.gz">3.10</a> (<a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.10/apache-cassandra-3.10-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a>, <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.10/apache-cassandra-3.10-bin.tar.gz.md5">md5</a> and <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.10/apache-cassandra-3.10-bin.tar.gz.sha1">sha1</a>), released on 2017-02-03.</p>
<h3 id="older-supported-releases">Older supported releases</h3>
<p>The following older Cassandra releases are still supported:</p>
<ul>
<li>Apache Cassandra 3.0 is supported until <strong>6 months after 4.0 release (date TBD)</strong>. The latest release is <a href="http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/cassandra/3.0.13/apache-cassandra-3.0.13-bin.tar.gz">3.0.13</a> (<a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.0.13/apache-cassandra-3.0.13-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a>, <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.0.13/apache-cassandra-3.0.13-bin.tar.gz.md5">md5</a> and <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/3.0.13/apache-cassandra-3.0.13-bin.tar.gz.sha1">sha1</a>), released on 2017-04-14.</li>
<li>Apache Cassandra 2.2 is supported until <strong>4.0 release (date TBD)</strong>. The latest release is <a href="http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/cassandra/2.2.9/apache-cassandra-2.2.9-bin.tar.gz">2.2.9</a> (<a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.2.9/apache-cassandra-2.2.9-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a>, <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.2.9/apache-cassandra-2.2.9-bin.tar.gz.md5">md5</a> and <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.2.9/apache-cassandra-2.2.9-bin.tar.gz.sha1">sha1</a>), released on 2017-02-21.</li>
<li>Apache Cassandra 2.1 is supported until <strong>4.0 release (date TBD)</strong> with <strong>critical fixes only</strong>. The latest release is
<a href="http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/cassandra/2.1.17/apache-cassandra-2.1.17-bin.tar.gz">2.1.17</a> (<a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.1.17/apache-cassandra-2.1.17-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a>, <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.1.17/apache-cassandra-2.1.17-bin.tar.gz.md5">md5</a> and <a href="http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/2.1.17/apache-cassandra-2.1.17-bin.tar.gz.sha1">sha1</a>), released on 2017-02-21.</li>
</ul>
<p>Older (unsupported) versions of Cassandra are <a href="http://archive.apache.org/dist/cassandra/">archived here</a>.</p>
<h3 id="installation-from-debian-packages">Installation from Debian packages</h3>
<ul>
<li>For tick-tock releases, the <code>&lt;release series&gt;</code> is the release number, without dot, and with an appended <code>x</code>, so <code>31x</code>,
<code>32x</code>, …</li>
<li>
<p>For older pre-tick-tock releases, the <code>&lt;release series&gt;</code> is the major version number, without dot, and with an
appended <code>x</code>. So currently it can one of <code>21x</code>, <code>22x</code> or <code>30x</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>Add the Apache repository of Cassandra to <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/cassandra.sources.list</code>, for example for version 3.10:</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>echo "deb http://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/debian 310x main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cassandra.sources.list
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Add the Apache Cassandra repository keys:</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>curl https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS | sudo apt-key add -
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Update the repositories:</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>sudo apt-get update
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>If you encounter this error:</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>GPG error: http://www.apache.org 310x InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY A278B781FE4B2BDA
</code></pre>
<p>Then add the public key A278B781FE4B2BDA as follows:</p>
<pre><code>sudo apt-key adv --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-key A278B781FE4B2BDA
</code></pre>
<p>and repeat <code>sudo apt-get update</code>. The actual key may be different, you get it from the error message itself. For a
full list of Apache contributors public keys, you can refer to <a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS">https://www.apache.org/dist/cassandra/KEYS</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>Install Cassandra:</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>sudo apt-get install cassandra
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>You can start Cassandra with <code>sudo service cassandra start</code> and stop it with <code>sudo service cassandra stop</code>.
However, normally the service will start automatically. For this reason be sure to stop it if you need to make any
configuration changes.</li>
<li>Verify that Cassandra is running by invoking <code>nodetool status</code> from the command line.</li>
<li>The default location of configuration files is <code>/etc/cassandra</code>.</li>
<li>The default location of log and data directories is <code>/var/log/cassandra/</code> and <code>/var/lib/cassandra</code>.</li>
<li>Start-up options (heap size, etc) can be configured in <code>/etc/default/cassandra</code>.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="source">Source</h3>
<p>Development is done in the Apache Git repository. To check out a copy:</p>
<pre><code>git clone http://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/cassandra.git
</code></pre>
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