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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
-<html>
-<head>
- <meta http-equiv="content-type" content=""/>
- <title>Apache Axis2 JSON and REST with Spring Boot User's Guide</title>
-</head>
-
-<body dir="ltr" lang="en-US">
-<a name="_Toc96697849" id="_Toc96697849"></a>
-
-<h1 align="center">Apache Axis2 JSON and REST with Spring Boot User's Guide</h1>
-
-<p>This guide will help you get started with Axis2 and JSON via REST, using
-Spring Security with Spring Boot! It gives a detailed description on how to write
-JSON based REST Web services and also Web service clients via JSON and Curl, how to
-write a custom login, and how to use them in a token based Web service that also helps
-prevent cross site scripting (XSS).
-</p>
-<a name="Introduction"></a>
-
-<h2>Introduction</h2>
-
-<p>This user guide is written based on the Axis2 Standard Binary
-Distribution. The Standard Binary Distribution can be directly <a
-href="../download.cgi">downloaded</a> or built using
-the Source Distribution. If
-you choose the latter, then the <a href="installationguide.html">Installation
-Guide</a> will instruct you on how to build Axis2 Standard Binary
-Distribution using the source.</p>
-
-<p>The source code for this guide provides a pom.xml for an entire demo application built by maven.
-</p>
-
-<p>Please note that Axis2 is an open-source effort. If you feel the code
-could use some new features or fixes, please get involved and lend us a hand!
-The Axis developer community welcomes your participation.</p>
-
-<p>Let us know what you think! Send your feedback to "<a
-href="mailto:java-user@axis.apache.org?subject=[Axis2]">java-user@axis.apache.org</a>".
-(Subscription details are available on the <a href="../mail-lists.html">Axis2 site</a>.) Kindly
-prefix the subject of the mail with [Axis2].</p>
-
-<h2>Getting Started</h2>
-
-<p>This user guide explains how to write and deploy a
-new JSON and REST based Web Service using Axis2, and how to write a Web Service client
-using JSON with Curl.
-</p>
-
-<p>All the sample code mentioned in this guide is located in
-the <b>"samples/userguide/src/springbootdemo"</b> directory of <a
-href="../download.cgi">Axis2 standard binary
-distribution</a>.</p>
-<p>
-This quide supplies a pom.xml for building an exploded WAR with Spring Boot -
-however this WAR does not have an embedded web server such as Tomcat.
-</p>
-<p>
-The testing was carried out on Wildfly, by installing the WAR in its app server.
-</p>
-<p>Please deploy the result of the maven build via 'mvn clean install', axis2-json-api.war, into your servlet container and ensure that it installs without any errors.</p>
-
-<h2>Creating a New Web Service</h2>
-
-<p>
-Areas out of scope for this guide are JWT and JWE for token generation and validation,
-since they require elliptic curve cryptography. A sample token that is not meant for
-production is generated in this demo - with the intent that the following standards
-should be used in its place. This demo merely shows a place to implement these
-standards.
-</p>
-<p>
-https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519
-https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7516
-</p>
-<p>
-Tip: com.nimbusds is recommended as an open-source Java implementation of these
-standards, for both token generation and validation.
-</p>
-<p>
-DB operations are also out of scope. There is a minimal DAO layer for authentication.
-Very limited credential validation is done.
-</p>
-<p>
-The NoOpPasswordEncoder Spring class included in this guide is meant for demos
-and testing only. Do not use this code as is in production.
-</p>
-<p>
-This guide provides two JSON based web services, LoginService and TestwsService.
-</p>
-<p>
-The login, if successful, will return a simple token not meant for anything beyond demos.
-The intent of this guide is to show a place that the JWT and JWE standards can be
-implemented.
-</p>
-<p>
-Axis2 JSON support is via POJO Objects. LoginRequest and LoginResponse are coded in the LoginService as the names would indicate.
-</p>
-<p>
-Also provided is a test service, TestwsService. It includes two POJO Objects as would
-be expected, TestwsRequest and TestwsResponse. This service attempts to return
-a String with some Javascript, that is HTML encoded by Axis2 and thereby
-eliminating the possibility of a Javascript engine executing the response i.e. a
-reflected XSS attack.
-</p>
-<p>
-Concerning Spring Security and Spring Boot, the Axis2Application class that
-extends SpringBootServletInitializer as typically done utilizes
-List<SecurityFilterChain> as a binary choice; A login url will match, otherwise invoke
-JWTAuthenticationFilter. All URL's to other services besides the login, will proceed
-after JWTAuthenticationFilter verifies the token.
-</p>
-<p>
-The JWTAuthenticationFilter class expects a token from the web services JSON client in
-the form of "Authorization: Bearer mytoken".
-</p>
-<p>
-The Axis2WebAppInitializer class supplied in this guide, is the config class
-that registers AxisServlet with spring boot.
-</p>
-<p>
-Axis2 web services are installed via a WEB-INF/services directory that contains
-files with an .aar extention for each service. These aar files are similar to
-jar files, and contain a services.xml that defines the web service behavior.
-The pom.xml supplied in this guide generates these files.
-</p>
-<p>
-Tip: don't expose methods in your web services that are not meant to be exposed,
-such as getters and setters. Axis2 determines the avaliable methods by reflection.
-For JSON, the message name at the start of the JSON received by the Axis2 server
-defines the Axis2 operation to invoke. It is recommended that only one method per
-class be exposed as a starting point. The place to add method exclusion is the
-services.xml file:
-</p>
-<p>
- <excludeOperations>
- <operation>setMyVar</operation>
- </excludeOperations>
-</p>
-<p>
-The axis2.xml file can define Moshi or GSON as the JSON engine. GSON was the original
-however development has largely ceased. Moshi is very similar and is widely considered
-to be the superior implementation in terms of performance. GSON will likely continue to
-be supported in Axis2 because it is helpful to have two JSON implementations to compare
-with for debugging.
-</p>
-<p>
-JSON based web services in the binary distribution of axis2.xml are not enabled by
-default. See the supplied axis2.xml of this guide, and note the places were it has
-"moshi". Just replace "moshi" with "gson" as a global search and replace to switch to
-GSON.
-</p>
-<p>
-Axis2 web services that are JSON based must be invoked from a client that sets an
-HTTP header as "Content-Type: application/json". In order for axis2 to properly
-handle JSON requests, this header behavior needs to be defined in the file
-WEB-INF/conf/axis2.xml.
-</p>
-<p>
- <messageFormatter contentType="application/json"
- class="org.apache.axis2.json.moshi.JsonFormatter"/>
-</p>
-<p>
-Other required classes for JSON in the axis2.xml file include JsonRpcMessageReceiver,
-JsonInOnlyRPCMessageReceiver, JsonBuilder, and JSONMessageHandler.
-</p>
-<p>
-Invoking the client for a login that returns a token can be done as follows:
-</p>
-<p>
-curl -v -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST --data @/home/myuser/login.dat http://localhost:8080/axis2-json-api/services/loginService
-</p>
-<p>
-Where the contents of /home/myuser/login.dat are:
-</p>
-<p>
-{"doLogin":[{"arg0":{"email":java-dev@axis.apache.org,"credentials":userguide}}]}
-</p>
-<p>
-Response:
-</p>
-<p>
-{"response":{"status":"OK","token":"95104Rn2I2oEATfuI90N","uuid":"99b92d7a-2799-4b20-b029-9fbd6108798a"}}
-</p>
-<p>
-Invoking the client for a Test Service that validates a sample token can be done as
-follows:
-</p>
-<p>
-curl -v -H "Authorization: Bearer I2SpAHWrU5gYbGNwNNKg" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST --data @/root/test.dat http://localhost:8080/axis2-json-api/services/testws'
-</p>
-<p>
-Where the contents of /home/myuser/test.dat are:
-</p>
-<p>
-{"doTestws":[{"arg0":{"messagein":hello}}]}
-</p>
-<p>
-Response, HTML encoded to prevent XSS:
-</p>
-<p>
-{"response":{"messageout":"<script xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">alert('Hello');</script> \">","status":"OK"}}
-</p>
-</body>
-</html>
