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| Getting Involved |
| </a> |
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| Benchmarks |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
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| <li class="toctree-l1"> |
| <a class="reference external" href="https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/"> |
| R |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"> |
| <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/master/ruby/README.md"> |
| Ruby |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="toctree-l1"> |
| <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.rs/crate/arrow/"> |
| Rust |
| </a> |
| </li> |
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| Development |
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| |
| <div class="section" id="integration-testing"> |
| <span id="format-integration-testing"></span><h1>Integration Testing<a class="headerlink" href="#integration-testing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> |
| <p>Our strategy for integration testing between Arrow implementations is:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p>Test datasets are specified in a custom human-readable, JSON-based format |
| designed exclusively for Arrow’s integration tests</p></li> |
| <li><p>Each implementation provides a testing executable capable of converting |
| between the JSON and the binary Arrow file representation</p></li> |
| <li><p>The test executable is also capable of validating the contents of a binary |
| file against a corresponding JSON file</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="section" id="running-integration-tests"> |
| <h2>Running integration tests<a class="headerlink" href="#running-integration-tests" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>The integration test data generator and runner are implemented inside |
| the <a class="reference internal" href="../developers/archery.html#archery"><span class="std std-ref">Archery</span></a> utility.</p> |
| <p>The integration tests are run using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">archery</span> <span class="pre">integration</span></code> command.</p> |
| <div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>archery integration --help |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>In order to run integration tests, you’ll first need to build each component |
| you want to include. See the respective developer docs for C++, Java, etc. |
| for instructions on building those.</p> |
| <p>Some languages may require additional build options to enable integration |
| testing. For C++, for example, you need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DARROW_BUILD_INTEGRATION=ON</span></code> |
| to your cmake command.</p> |
| <p>Depending on which components you have built, you can enable and add them to |
| the archery test run. For example, if you only have the C++ project built, run:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>archery integration --with-cpp<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>For Java, it may look like:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span>.11.0-SNAPSHOT |
| <span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">ARROW_JAVA_INTEGRATION_JAR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$JAVA_DIR</span>/tools/target/arrow-tools-<span class="nv">$VERSION</span>-jar-with-dependencies.jar |
| archery integration --with-cpp<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> --with-java<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>To run all tests, including Flight integration tests, do:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>archery integration --with-all --run-flight |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Note that we run these tests in continuous integration, and the CI job uses |
| docker-compose. You may also run the docker-compose job locally, or at least |
| refer to it if you have questions about how to build other languages or enable |
| certain tests.</p> |
| <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../developers/docker.html#docker-builds"><span class="std std-ref">Running Docker Builds</span></a> for more information about the project’s |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docker-compose</span></code> configuration.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="json-test-data-format"> |
| <h2>JSON test data format<a class="headerlink" href="#json-test-data-format" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>A JSON representation of Arrow columnar data is provided for |
| cross-language integration testing purposes. |
| This representation is <a class="reference external" href="https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6947fb7666a0f9cc27d9677d2dad0fb5990f9063b7cf3d80af5e270f%40%3Cdev.arrow.apache.org%3E">not canonical</a> |
| but it provides a human-readable way of verifying language implementations.</p> |
| <p>See <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/tree/master/docs/source/format/integration_json_examples">here</a> |
| for some examples of this JSON data.</p> |
| <p>The high level structure of a JSON integration test files is as follows:</p> |
| <p><strong>Data file</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"schema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"batches"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span><span class="n">RecordBatch</span><span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dictionaries"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span><span class="n">DictionaryBatch</span><span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>All files contain <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">schema</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">batches</span></code>, while <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dictionaries</span></code> is only |
| present if there are dictionary type fields in the schema.</p> |
| <p><strong>Schema</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"fields"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Field</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="s2">"metadata"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Metadata</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>Field</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"name_of_the_field"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"nullable"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">boolean</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"type"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Type</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"children"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Field</span> <span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dictionary"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"id"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"indexType"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Type</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"isOrdered"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">boolean</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="s2">"metadata"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">Metadata</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dictionary</span></code> attribute is present if and only if the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code> corresponds to a |
| dictionary type, and its <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">id</span></code> maps onto a column in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DictionaryBatch</span></code>. In this |
| case the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> attribute describes the value type of the dictionary.</p> |
| <p>For primitive types, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">children</span></code> is an empty array.</p> |
| <p><strong>Metadata</strong></p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">null</span> <span class="o">|</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"key"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">string</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"value"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">string</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">]</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A key-value mapping of custom metadata. It may be omitted or null, in which case it is |
| considered equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[]</span></code> (no metadata). Duplicated keys are not forbidden here.</p> |
| <p><strong>Type</strong>:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"null|struct|list|largelist|fixedsizelist|union|int|floatingpoint|utf8|largeutf8|binary|largebinary|fixedsizebinary|bool|decimal|date|time|timestamp|interval|duration|map"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Type</span></code> will have other fields as defined in |
| <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/tree/master/format/Schema.fbs">Schema.fbs</a> |
| depending on its name.</p> |
| <p>Int:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"int"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"bitWidth"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"isSigned"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">boolean</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>FloatingPoint:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"floatingpoint"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"precision"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"HALF|SINGLE|DOUBLE"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>FixedSizeBinary:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"fixedsizebinary"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"byteWidth"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">byte</span> <span class="n">width</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Decimal:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"decimal"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"precision"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"scale"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Timestamp:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"unit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$TIME_UNIT"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"timezone"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$timezone"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$TIME_UNIT</span></code> is one of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"SECOND|MILLISECOND|MICROSECOND|NANOSECOND"</span></code></p> |
| <p>“timezone” is an optional string.</p> |
| <p>Duration:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"duration"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"unit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$TIME_UNIT"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Date:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"date"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"unit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"DAY|MILLISECOND"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Time:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"time"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"unit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$TIME_UNIT"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"bitWidth"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="mi">64</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Interval:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"interval"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"unit"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"YEAR_MONTH|DAY_TIME"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Union:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"union"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"mode"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"SPARSE|DENSE"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"typeIds"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typeIds</span></code> field in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Union</span></code> are the codes used to denote which member of |
| the union is active in each array slot. Note that in general these discriminants are not identical |
| to the index of the corresponding child array.</p> |
| <p>List:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"list"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The type that the list is a “list of” will be included in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code>’s |
| “children” member, as a single <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code> there. For example, for a list of |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int32</span></code>,</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"list_nullable"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"list"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="s2">"nullable"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"children"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"item"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"int"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"isSigned"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"bitWidth"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">32</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="s2">"nullable"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">true</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"children"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>FixedSizeList:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"fixedsizelist"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"listSize"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>This type likewise comes with a length-1 “children” array.</p> |
| <p>Struct:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"struct"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code>’s “children” contains an array of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Fields</span></code> with meaningful |
| names and types.</p> |
| <p>Map:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"map"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"keysSorted"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">boolean</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code>’s “children” contains a single <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">struct</span></code> field, which itself |
| contains 2 children, named “key” and “value”.</p> |
| <p>Null:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"null"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Extension types are, as in the IPC format, represented as their underlying |
| storage type plus some dedicated field metadata to reconstruct the extension |
| type. For example, assuming a “uuid” extension type backed by a |
| FixedSizeBinary(16) storage, here is how a “uuid” field would be represented:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"name_of_the_field"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"nullable"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">boolean</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"type"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"fixedsizebinary"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"byteWidth"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">16</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="s2">"children"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> |
| <span class="s2">"metadata"</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"key"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"ARROW:extension:name"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"value"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"uuid"</span><span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"key"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"ARROW:extension:metadata"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"value"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"uuid-serialized"</span><span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>RecordBatch</strong>:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"count"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">number</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="n">rows</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"columns"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">FieldData</span> <span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>DictionaryBatch</strong>:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"id"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">integer</span> <span class="o">*/</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"data"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">RecordBatch</span> <span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>FieldData</strong>:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"field_name"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"count"</span> <span class="s2">"field_length"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"$BUFFER_TYPE"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">BufferData</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="o">...</span> |
| <span class="s2">"$BUFFER_TYPE"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">BufferData</span> <span class="o">*/</span> |
| <span class="s2">"children"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="o">/*</span> <span class="n">FieldData</span> <span class="o">*/</span> <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The “name” member of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Schema</span></code> corresponds to the “name” |
| of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code> contained in the “columns” of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RecordBatch</span></code>. |
| For nested types (list, struct, etc.), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code>’s “children” each have a |
| “name” that corresponds to the “name” of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code> inside the |
| “children” of that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code>. |
| For <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code> inside of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DictionaryBatch</span></code>, the “name” field does not |
| correspond to anything.</p> |
| <p>Here <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$BUFFER_TYPE</span></code> is one of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALIDITY</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFFSET</span></code> (for |
| variable-length types, such as strings and lists), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TYPE_ID</span></code> (for unions), |
| or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DATA</span></code>.</p> |
| <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BufferData</span></code> is encoded based on the type of buffer:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALIDITY</span></code>: a JSON array of 1 (valid) and 0 (null). Data for non-nullable |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Field</span></code> still has a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALIDITY</span></code> array, even though all values are 1.</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFFSET</span></code>: a JSON array of integers for 32-bit offsets or |
| string-formatted integers for 64-bit offsets</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TYPE_ID</span></code>: a JSON array of integers</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DATA</span></code>: a JSON array of encoded values</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>The value encoding for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DATA</span></code> is different depending on the logical |
| type:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p>For boolean type: an array of 1 (true) and 0 (false).</p></li> |
| <li><p>For integer-based types (including timestamps): an array of JSON numbers.</p></li> |
| <li><p>For 64-bit integers: an array of integers formatted as JSON strings, |
| so as to avoid loss of precision.</p></li> |
| <li><p>For floating point types: an array of JSON numbers. Values are limited |
| to 3 decimal places to avoid loss of precision.</p></li> |
| <li><p>For binary types, an array of uppercase hex-encoded strings, so as |
| to represent arbitrary binary data.</p></li> |
| <li><p>For UTF-8 string types, an array of JSON strings.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>For “list” and “largelist” types, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BufferData</span></code> has <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALIDITY</span></code> and |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFFSET</span></code>, and the rest of the data is inside “children”. These child |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code> contain all of the same attributes as non-child data, so in |
| the example of a list of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int32</span></code>, the child data has <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VALIDITY</span></code> and |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DATA</span></code>.</p> |
| <p>For “fixedsizelist”, there is no <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFFSET</span></code> member because the offsets are |
| implied by the field’s “listSize”.</p> |
| <p>Note that the “count” for these child data may not match the parent “count”. |
| For example, if a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RecordBatch</span></code> has 7 rows and contains a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FixedSizeList</span></code> |
| of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">listSize</span></code> 4, then the data inside the “children” of that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FieldData</span></code> |
| will have count 28.</p> |
| <p>For “null” type, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BufferData</span></code> does not contain any buffers.</p> |
| </div> |
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