ARROW-6251: [Developer] Add PR merge script

Closes #29 from wesm/ARROW-6251 and squashes the following commits:

62f7414a <Wes McKinney> Add PR merge script

Authored-by: Wes McKinney <wesm+git@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Wes McKinney <wesm+git@apache.org>
diff --git a/merge_pr.py b/merge_pr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca4fb3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/merge_pr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,574 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+# Utility for creating well-formed pull request merges and pushing them to
+# Apache.
+#   usage: ./merge_arrow_pr.py    (see config env vars below)
+#
+# This utility assumes you already have a local Arrow git clone and that you
+# have added remotes corresponding to both (i) the Github Apache Arrow mirror
+# and (ii) the apache git repo.
+#
+# There are several pieces of authorization possibly needed via environment
+# variables
+#
+# APACHE_JIRA_USERNAME: your Apache JIRA id
+# APACHE_JIRA_PASSWORD: your Apache JIRA password
+# ARROW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN: a GitHub API token to use for API requests (to avoid
+# rate limiting)
+
+import configparser
+import os
+import pprint
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import requests
+import getpass
+
+from six.moves import input
+import six
+
+try:
+    import jira.client
+except ImportError:
+    print("Could not find jira library. "
+          "Run 'sudo pip install jira' to install.")
+    print("Exiting without trying to close the associated JIRA.")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+ARROW_HOME = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+PROJECT_NAME = os.environ.get('PROJECT_NAME') or 'arrow-site'
+
+# Remote name which points to the GitHub site
+PR_REMOTE_NAME = os.environ.get("PR_REMOTE_NAME", "apache")
+
+# For testing to avoid accidentally pushing to apache
+DEBUG = bool(int(os.environ.get("DEBUG", 0)))
+
+
+if DEBUG:
+    print("**************** DEBUGGING ****************")
+
+
+# Prefix added to temporary branches
+BRANCH_PREFIX = "PR_TOOL"
+JIRA_API_BASE = "https://issues.apache.org/jira"
+
+
+def get_json(url, headers=None):
+    req = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
+    return req.json()
+
+
+def run_cmd(cmd):
+    if isinstance(cmd, six.string_types):
+        cmd = cmd.split(' ')
+
+    try:
+        output = subprocess.check_output(cmd)
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        # this avoids hiding the stdout / stderr of failed processes
+        print('Command failed: %s' % cmd)
+        print('With output:')
+        print('--------------')
+        print(e.output)
+        print('--------------')
+        raise e
+
+    if isinstance(output, six.binary_type):
+        output = output.decode('utf-8')
+    return output
+
+
+original_head = run_cmd("git rev-parse HEAD")[:8]
+
+
+def clean_up():
+    print("Restoring head pointer to %s" % original_head)
+    run_cmd("git checkout %s" % original_head)
+
+    branches = run_cmd("git branch").replace(" ", "").split("\n")
+
+    for branch in [x for x in branches
+                   if x.startswith(BRANCH_PREFIX)]:
+        print("Deleting local branch %s" % branch)
+        run_cmd("git branch -D %s" % branch)
+
+
+_REGEX_CI_DIRECTIVE = re.compile(r'\[[^\]]*\]')
+
+
+def strip_ci_directives(commit_message):
+    # Remove things like '[force ci]', '[skip appveyor]' from the assembled
+    # commit message
+    return _REGEX_CI_DIRECTIVE.sub('', commit_message)
+
+
+def fix_version_from_branch(branch, versions):
+    # Note: Assumes this is a sorted (newest->oldest) list of un-released
+    # versions
+    if branch == "master":
+        return versions[-1]
+    else:
+        branch_ver = branch.replace("branch-", "")
+        return [x for x in versions if x.name.startswith(branch_ver)][-1]
+
+
+# We can merge both ARROW and PARQUET patchesa
+SUPPORTED_PROJECTS = ['ARROW', 'PARQUET']
+PR_TITLE_REGEXEN = [(project, re.compile(r'^(' + project + r'-[0-9]+)\b.*$'))
+                    for project in SUPPORTED_PROJECTS]
+
+
+class JiraIssue(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, jira_con, jira_id, project, cmd):
+        self.jira_con = jira_con
+        self.jira_id = jira_id
+        self.project = project
+        self.cmd = cmd
+
+        try:
+            self.issue = jira_con.issue(jira_id)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.cmd.fail("ASF JIRA could not find %s\n%s" % (jira_id, e))
+
+    def get_candidate_fix_versions(self, merge_branches=('master',)):
+        # Only suggest versions starting with a number, like 0.x but not JS-0.x
+        all_versions = self.jira_con.project_versions(self.project)
+        unreleased_versions = [x for x in all_versions
+                               if not x.raw['released']]
+
+        unreleased_versions = sorted(unreleased_versions,
+                                     key=lambda x: x.name, reverse=True)
+
+        mainline_version_regex = re.compile(r'\d.*')
+        mainline_versions = [x for x in unreleased_versions
+                             if mainline_version_regex.match(x.name)]
+
+        mainline_non_patch_versions = []
+        for v in mainline_versions:
+            (major, minor, patch) = v.name.split(".")
+            if patch == "0":
+                mainline_non_patch_versions.append(v)
+
+        if len(mainline_versions) > len(mainline_non_patch_versions):
+            # If there is a non-patch release, suggest that instead
+            mainline_versions = mainline_non_patch_versions
+
+        default_fix_versions = [
+            fix_version_from_branch(x, mainline_versions).name
+            for x in merge_branches]
+
+        return all_versions, default_fix_versions
+
+    def resolve(self, fix_versions, comment):
+        fields = self.issue.fields
+        cur_status = fields.status.name
+
+        if cur_status == "Resolved" or cur_status == "Closed":
+            self.cmd.fail("JIRA issue %s already has status '%s'"
+                          % (self.jira_id, cur_status))
+
+        resolve = [x for x in self.jira_con.transitions(self.jira_id)
+                   if x['name'] == "Resolve Issue"][0]
+        self.jira_con.transition_issue(self.jira_id, resolve["id"],
+                                       comment=comment,
+                                       fixVersions=fix_versions)
+
+        print("Successfully resolved %s!" % (self.jira_id))
+
+        self.issue = self.jira_con.issue(self.jira_id)
+        self.show()
+
+    def show(self):
+        fields = self.issue.fields
+        print(format_jira_output(self.jira_id, fields.status.name,
+                                 fields.summary, fields.assignee,
+                                 fields.components))
+
+
+def format_jira_output(jira_id, status, summary, assignee, components):
+    if assignee is None:
+        assignee = "NOT ASSIGNED!!!"
+    else:
+        assignee = assignee.displayName
+
+    if len(components) == 0:
+        components = 'NO COMPONENTS!!!'
+    else:
+        components = ', '.join((x.name for x in components))
+
+    return """=== JIRA {} ===
+Summary\t\t{}
+Assignee\t{}
+Components\t{}
+Status\t\t{}
+URL\t\t{}/{}""".format(jira_id, summary, assignee, components, status,
+                       '/'.join((JIRA_API_BASE, 'browse')), jira_id)
+
+
+class GitHubAPI(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, project_name):
+        self.github_api = ("https://api.github.com/repos/apache/{0}"
+                           .format(project_name))
+
+        token = os.environ.get('ARROW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN', None)
+        if token:
+            self.headers = {'Authorization': 'token {0}'.format(token)}
+        else:
+            self.headers = None
+
+    def get_pr_data(self, number):
+        return get_json("%s/pulls/%s" % (self.github_api, number),
+                        headers=self.headers)
+
+
+class CommandInput(object):
+    """
+    Interface to input(...) to enable unit test mocks to be created
+    """
+
+    def fail(self, msg):
+        clean_up()
+        raise Exception(msg)
+
+    def prompt(self, prompt):
+        return input(prompt)
+
+    def getpass(self, prompt):
+        return getpass.getpass(prompt)
+
+    def continue_maybe(self, prompt):
+        while True:
+            result = input("\n%s (y/n): " % prompt)
+            if result.lower() == "y":
+                return
+            elif result.lower() == "n":
+                self.fail("Okay, exiting")
+            else:
+                prompt = "Please input 'y' or 'n'"
+
+
+class PullRequest(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, cmd, github_api, git_remote, jira_con, number):
+        self.cmd = cmd
+        self.git_remote = git_remote
+        self.con = jira_con
+        self.number = number
+        self._pr_data = github_api.get_pr_data(number)
+        try:
+            self.url = self._pr_data["url"]
+            self.title = self._pr_data["title"]
+            self.body = self._pr_data["body"]
+            self.target_ref = self._pr_data["base"]["ref"]
+            self.user_login = self._pr_data["user"]["login"]
+            self.base_ref = self._pr_data["head"]["ref"]
+        except KeyError:
+            pprint.pprint(self._pr_data)
+            raise
+        self.description = "%s/%s" % (self.user_login, self.base_ref)
+
+        self.jira_issue = self._get_jira()
+
+    def show(self):
+        print("\n=== Pull Request #%s ===" % self.number)
+        print("title\t%s\nsource\t%s\ntarget\t%s\nurl\t%s"
+              % (self.title, self.description, self.target_ref, self.url))
+        self.jira_issue.show()
+
+    @property
+    def is_merged(self):
+        return bool(self._pr_data["merged"])
+
+    @property
+    def is_mergeable(self):
+        return bool(self._pr_data["mergeable"])
+
+    def _get_jira(self):
+        jira_id = None
+        for project, regex in PR_TITLE_REGEXEN:
+            m = regex.search(self.title)
+            if m:
+                jira_id = m.group(1)
+                break
+
+        if jira_id is None:
+            options = ' or '.join('{0}-XXX'.format(project)
+                                  for project in SUPPORTED_PROJECTS)
+            self.cmd.fail("PR title should be prefixed by a jira id "
+                          "{0}, but found {1}".format(options, self.title))
+
+        return JiraIssue(self.con, jira_id, project, self.cmd)
+
+    def merge(self):
+        """
+        merge the requested PR and return the merge hash
+        """
+        pr_branch_name = "%s_MERGE_PR_%s" % (BRANCH_PREFIX, self.number)
+        target_branch_name = "%s_MERGE_PR_%s_%s" % (BRANCH_PREFIX,
+                                                    self.number,
+                                                    self.target_ref.upper())
+        run_cmd("git fetch %s pull/%s/head:%s" % (self.git_remote,
+                                                  self.number,
+                                                  pr_branch_name))
+        run_cmd("git fetch %s %s:%s" % (self.git_remote, self.target_ref,
+                                        target_branch_name))
+        run_cmd("git checkout %s" % target_branch_name)
+
+        had_conflicts = False
+        try:
+            run_cmd(['git', 'merge', pr_branch_name, '--ff', '--squash'])
+        except Exception as e:
+            msg = ("Error merging: %s\nWould you like to "
+                   "manually fix-up this merge?" % e)
+            self.cmd.continue_maybe(msg)
+            msg = ("Okay, please fix any conflicts and 'git add' "
+                   "conflicting files... Finished?")
+            self.cmd.continue_maybe(msg)
+            had_conflicts = True
+
+        commit_authors = run_cmd(['git', 'log', 'HEAD..%s' % pr_branch_name,
+                                 '--pretty=format:%an <%ae>']).split("\n")
+        distinct_authors = sorted(set(commit_authors),
+                                  key=lambda x: commit_authors.count(x),
+                                  reverse=True)
+
+        for i, author in enumerate(distinct_authors):
+            print("Author {}: {}".format(i + 1, author))
+
+        if len(distinct_authors) > 1:
+            primary_author, distinct_authors = get_primary_author(
+                self.cmd, distinct_authors)
+        else:
+            # If there is only one author, do not prompt for a lead author
+            primary_author = distinct_authors[0]
+
+        commits = run_cmd(['git', 'log', 'HEAD..%s' % pr_branch_name,
+                          '--pretty=format:%h <%an> %s']).split("\n\n")
+
+        merge_message_flags = []
+
+        merge_message_flags += ["-m", self.title]
+        if self.body is not None:
+            merge_message_flags += ["-m", self.body]
+
+        committer_name = run_cmd("git config --get user.name").strip()
+        committer_email = run_cmd("git config --get user.email").strip()
+
+        authors = ("Authored-by:" if len(distinct_authors) == 1
+                   else "Lead-authored-by:")
+        authors += " %s" % (distinct_authors.pop(0))
+        if len(distinct_authors) > 0:
+            authors += "\n" + "\n".join(["Co-authored-by: %s" % a
+                                         for a in distinct_authors])
+        authors += "\n" + "Signed-off-by: %s <%s>" % (committer_name,
+                                                      committer_email)
+
+        if had_conflicts:
+            committer_name = run_cmd("git config --get user.name").strip()
+            committer_email = run_cmd("git config --get user.email").strip()
+            message = ("This patch had conflicts when merged, "
+                       "resolved by\nCommitter: %s <%s>" %
+                       (committer_name, committer_email))
+            merge_message_flags += ["-m", message]
+
+        # The string "Closes #%s" string is required for GitHub to correctly
+        # close the PR
+        merge_message_flags += [
+            "-m",
+            "Closes #%s from %s and squashes the following commits:"
+            % (self.number, self.description)]
+        for c in commits:
+            stripped_message = strip_ci_directives(c).strip()
+            merge_message_flags += ["-m", stripped_message]
+
+        merge_message_flags += ["-m", authors]
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            print("\n".join(merge_message_flags))
+
+        run_cmd(['git', 'commit',
+                 '--no-verify',  # do not run commit hooks
+                 '--author="%s"' % primary_author] +
+                merge_message_flags)
+
+        self.cmd.continue_maybe("Merge complete (local ref %s). Push to %s?"
+                                % (target_branch_name, self.git_remote))
+
+        try:
+            push_cmd = ('git push %s %s:%s' % (self.git_remote,
+                                               target_branch_name,
+                                               self.target_ref))
+            if DEBUG:
+                print(push_cmd)
+            else:
+                run_cmd(push_cmd)
+        except Exception as e:
+            clean_up()
+            self.cmd.fail("Exception while pushing: %s" % e)
+
+        merge_hash = run_cmd("git rev-parse %s" % target_branch_name)[:8]
+        clean_up()
+        print("Pull request #%s merged!" % self.number)
+        print("Merge hash: %s" % merge_hash)
+        return merge_hash
+
+
+def get_primary_author(cmd, distinct_authors):
+    author_pat = re.compile(r'(.*) <(.*)>')
+
+    while True:
+        primary_author = cmd.prompt(
+            "Enter primary author in the format of "
+            "\"name <email>\" [%s]: " % distinct_authors[0])
+
+        if primary_author == "":
+            return distinct_authors[0], distinct_authors
+
+        if author_pat.match(primary_author):
+            break
+        print('Bad author "{}", please try again'.format(primary_author))
+
+    # When primary author is specified manually, de-dup it from
+    # author list and put it at the head of author list.
+    distinct_authors = [x for x in distinct_authors
+                        if x != primary_author]
+    distinct_authors = [primary_author] + distinct_authors
+    return primary_author, distinct_authors
+
+
+def prompt_for_fix_version(cmd, jira_issue):
+    (all_versions,
+     default_fix_versions) = jira_issue.get_candidate_fix_versions()
+
+    default_fix_versions = ",".join(default_fix_versions)
+
+    issue_fix_versions = cmd.prompt("Enter comma-separated "
+                                    "fix version(s) [%s]: "
+                                    % default_fix_versions)
+    if issue_fix_versions == "":
+        issue_fix_versions = default_fix_versions
+    issue_fix_versions = issue_fix_versions.replace(" ", "").split(",")
+
+    def get_version_json(version_str):
+        return [x for x in all_versions if x.name == version_str][0].raw
+
+    return [get_version_json(v) for v in issue_fix_versions]
+
+
+CONFIG_FILE = "~/.config/arrow/merge.conf"
+
+
+def load_configuration():
+    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
+    config.read(os.path.expanduser(CONFIG_FILE))
+    return config
+
+
+def get_credentials(cmd):
+    username, password = None, None
+
+    config = load_configuration()
+    if "jira" in config.sections():
+        username = config["jira"].get("username")
+        password = config["jira"].get("password")
+
+    # Fallback to environment variables
+    if not username:
+        username = os.environ.get("APACHE_JIRA_USERNAME")
+
+    if not password:
+        password = os.environ.get("APACHE_JIRA_PASSWORD")
+
+    # Fallback to user tty prompt
+    if not username:
+        username = cmd.prompt("Env APACHE_JIRA_USERNAME not set, "
+                              "please enter your JIRA username:")
+
+    if not password:
+        password = cmd.getpass("Env APACHE_JIRA_PASSWORD not set, "
+                               "please enter your JIRA password:")
+
+    return (username, password)
+
+
+def connect_jira(cmd):
+    return jira.client.JIRA({'server': JIRA_API_BASE},
+                            basic_auth=get_credentials(cmd))
+
+
+def get_pr_num():
+    if len(sys.argv) == 2:
+        return sys.argv[1]
+
+    return input("Which pull request would you like to merge? (e.g. 34): ")
+
+
+def cli():
+    # Location of your Arrow git clone
+    print("ARROW_HOME = " + ARROW_HOME)
+    print("PROJECT_NAME = " + PROJECT_NAME)
+
+    cmd = CommandInput()
+
+    pr_num = get_pr_num()
+
+    os.chdir(ARROW_HOME)
+
+    github_api = GitHubAPI(PROJECT_NAME)
+
+    jira_con = connect_jira(cmd)
+    pr = PullRequest(cmd, github_api, PR_REMOTE_NAME, jira_con, pr_num)
+
+    if pr.is_merged:
+        print("Pull request %s has already been merged")
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    if not pr.is_mergeable:
+        msg = ("Pull request %s is not mergeable in its current form.\n"
+               % pr_num + "Continue? (experts only!)")
+        cmd.continue_maybe(msg)
+
+    pr.show()
+
+    cmd.continue_maybe("Proceed with merging pull request #%s?" % pr_num)
+
+    # merged hash not used
+    pr.merge()
+
+    cmd.continue_maybe("Would you like to update the associated JIRA?")
+    jira_comment = (
+        "Issue resolved by pull request %s\n[%s/%s]"
+        % (pr_num,
+           "https://github.com/apache/" + PROJECT_NAME + "/pull",
+           pr_num))
+
+    fix_versions_json = prompt_for_fix_version(cmd, pr.jira_issue)
+    pr.jira_issue.resolve(fix_versions_json, jira_comment)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        cli()
+    except Exception:
+        raise