ARROW-7644: [Doc][Install] Add vcpkg installation instructions

arrow is available as a port in vcpkg, a C++ library manager that simplifies installation for arrow and other project dependencies. Documenting the install process here will help users get started by providing a single set of commands to build arrow, ready to be included in their projects.

We also test whether our library ports build in various configurations (dynamic, static) on various platforms (OSX, Linux, Windows: x86, x64, UWP, ARM) to keep a wide coverage for users.

I'm a maintainer for vcpkg, and [here is what the port script looks like](https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/blob/master/ports/arrow/portfile.cmake). We try to keep the library maintained as close as possible to the original library.

Closes #42 from JackBoosY/vcpkg-instructions and squashes the following commits:

de0a3142 <Sutou Kouhei> Generalize "Other Binary Installer" section
1b5287bf <JackBoosY> Add vcpkg installation instructions

Lead-authored-by: JackBoosY <yuzaiyang@beyondsoft.com>
Co-authored-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>
diff --git a/install.md b/install.md
index ca8e979..8d47975 100644
--- a/install.md
+++ b/install.md
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@
 These include the Apache Arrow and Apache Parquet C++ binary libraries bundled
 with the wheel.
 
-## Other Binary Installers
+## Other Installers
 
-For convenience, we also provide binaries through several package managers, built from the source release. As the Apache Arrow PMC has not explicitly voted on these packages, they are technically considered unofficial releases.
+For convenience, we also provide packages through several package managers. Many of them are provided as binary, built from the source release. As the Apache Arrow PMC has not explicitly voted on these packages, they are technically considered unofficial releases.
 
 ### C++ and Python Conda Packages
 
@@ -236,6 +236,21 @@
 pacman -S --noconfirm mingw-w64-i686-arrow
 ```
 
+### C++ Package on vcpkg
+
+You can download and install Apache Arrow C++ using the [vcpkg](https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg) dependency manager:
+
+```shell
+git clone https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg.git
+cd vcpkg
+./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh
+./vcpkg integrate install
+./vcpkg install arrow
+```
+
+The Apache Arrow C++ port in vcpkg is kept up to date by Microsoft team members and community contributors. If the version is out of date, please [create an issue or pull request][18] on the vcpkg repository.
+
+
 [1]: {{site.data.versions['current'].mirrors}}
 [2]: {{site.data.versions['current'].github-tag-link}}
 [4]: {{site.data.versions['current'].java-artifacts}}
@@ -249,3 +264,4 @@
 [15]: {{site.data.versions['current'].sha512}}
 [16]: https://github.com/msys2/MINGW-packages/tree/master/mingw-w64-arrow
 [17]: https://brew.sh/
+[18]: https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg