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| <section id="building-pyarrow"> |
| <span id="build-pyarrow"></span><h1>Building PyArrow<a class="headerlink" href="#building-pyarrow" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1> |
| <p>This page provides source build instructions for PyArrow for all platforms.</p> |
| <section id="system-requirements"> |
| <h2>System Requirements<a class="headerlink" href="#system-requirements" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <div class="sd-tab-set docutils"> |
| <input checked="checked" id="sd-tab-item-0" name="sd-tab-set-0" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="linux-macos" for="sd-tab-item-0"> |
| Linux and macOS</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>On macOS, any modern XCode or Xcode Command Line Tools (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xcode-select</span> <span class="pre">--install</span></code>) |
| are sufficient.</p> |
| <p>On Linux, for this guide, we require a minimum of gcc or clang 9. |
| You can check your version by running</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>gcc<span class="w"> </span>--version |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>If the system compiler is older than gcc 9, it can be set to a newer version |
| using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$CC</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$CXX</span></code> environment variables:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">CC</span><span class="o">=</span>gcc-9 |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">CXX</span><span class="o">=</span>g++-9 |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <input id="sd-tab-item-1" name="sd-tab-set-0" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="wins" for="sd-tab-item-1"> |
| Windows</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>Building on Windows requires one of the following compilers to be |
| installed:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://aka.ms/vs/17/release/vs_BuildTools.exe">Build Tools for Visual Studio 2022</a> or</p></li> |
| <li><p>Visual Studio 2022</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>During the setup of Build Tools, ensure at least one Windows SDK |
| is selected.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </section> |
| <section id="environment-setup"> |
| <h2>Environment setup<a class="headerlink" href="#environment-setup" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>First, start from a fresh clone of Apache Arrow:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>git<span class="w"> </span>clone<span class="w"> </span>https://github.com/apache/arrow.git |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>There are two supported ways to set up the build environment for PyArrow: using |
| <strong>Conda</strong> to manage the dependencies or using <strong>pip</strong> with manual dependency |
| management.</p> |
| <p>Both methods are shown bellow for Linux and macOS. For Windows, only the |
| Conda-based setup is currently documented, skipping some of the |
| Linux/macOS-only packages.</p> |
| <p>Note that in case you are not using conda on a Windows platform, Arrow C++ |
| libraries need to be bundled with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyarrow</span></code>. For extra information see the |
| Windows tab under the <a class="reference internal" href="#pyarrow-build-section"><span class="std std-ref">Build PyArrow</span></a> section.</p> |
| <div class="sd-tab-set docutils"> |
| <input checked="checked" id="sd-tab-item-2" name="sd-tab-set-1" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="linux-macos" for="sd-tab-item-2"> |
| Linux and macOS using conda</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>Pull in the test data and setup the environment variables:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">pushd</span><span class="w"> </span>arrow |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>git<span class="w"> </span>submodule<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span>--init |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">PARQUET_TEST_DATA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PWD</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing/data"</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARROW_TEST_DATA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PWD</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/testing/data"</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">popd</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://conda.io/">conda</a> package manager allows installing build-time |
| dependencies for Arrow C++ and PyArrow as pre-built binaries, which can make |
| Arrow development easier and faster.</p> |
| <p>Let’s create a conda environment with all the C++ build and Python dependencies |
| from conda-forge, targeting development for Python 3.13:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>-y<span class="w"> </span>-n<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span>conda-forge<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--file<span class="w"> </span>arrow/ci/conda_env_unix.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--file<span class="w"> </span>arrow/ci/conda_env_cpp.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--file<span class="w"> </span>arrow/ci/conda_env_python.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--file<span class="w"> </span>arrow/ci/conda_env_gandiva.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>compilers<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">python</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">3</span>.13<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>pandas |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>As of January 2019, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compilers</span></code> package is needed on many Linux |
| distributions to use packages from conda-forge.</p> |
| <p>With this out of the way, you can now activate the conda environment</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>activate<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>We need to set some environment variables to let Arrow’s build system know |
| about our build toolchain:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARROW_HOME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$CONDA_PREFIX</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <input id="sd-tab-item-3" name="sd-tab-set-1" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" for="sd-tab-item-3"> |
| Linux and macOS using pip</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <div class="admonition warning"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Warning</p> |
| <p>If you installed Python using the Anaconda distribution or <a class="reference external" href="https://conda.io/miniconda.html">Miniconda</a>, you cannot currently use a |
| pip-based virtual environment. Please follow the conda-based development |
| instructions instead.</p> |
| </div> |
| <p>Pull in the test data and setup the environment variables:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">pushd</span><span class="w"> </span>arrow |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>git<span class="w"> </span>submodule<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span>--init |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">PARQUET_TEST_DATA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PWD</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/cpp/submodules/parquet-testing/data"</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARROW_TEST_DATA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PWD</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/testing/data"</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">popd</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>Using system and bundled dependencies</strong></p> |
| <p>If not using conda, you must arrange for your system to provide the required |
| build tools and dependencies. Note that if some dependencies are absent, |
| the Arrow C++ build chain may still be able to download and compile them |
| on the fly, but this will take a longer time than with pre-installed binaries.</p> |
| <p>On macOS, use Homebrew to install all dependencies required for |
| building Arrow C++:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>brew<span class="w"> </span>update<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span>brew<span class="w"> </span>bundle<span class="w"> </span>--file<span class="o">=</span>arrow/cpp/Brewfile |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../cpp/building.html#cpp-build-dependency-management"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a> for a list of dependencies you |
| may need.</p> |
| <p>On Debian/Ubuntu, you need the following minimal set of dependencies:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt-get<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>build-essential<span class="w"> </span>ninja-build<span class="w"> </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>python3-dev |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Now, let’s create a Python virtual environment with all Python dependencies |
| in the same folder as the repositories, and a target installation folder:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>python3<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>venv<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">source</span><span class="w"> </span>./pyarrow-dev/bin/activate |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-r<span class="w"> </span>arrow/python/requirements-build.txt |
| |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="c1"># This is the folder where we will install the Arrow libraries during</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="c1"># development</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>dist |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>If your CMake version is too old on Linux, you could get a newer one via |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">cmake</span></code>.</p> |
| <p>We need to set some environment variables to let Arrow’s build system know |
| about our build toolchain:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARROW_HOME</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span><span class="nb">pwd</span><span class="k">)</span>/dist |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span><span class="nb">pwd</span><span class="k">)</span>/dist/lib:<span class="nv">$LD_LIBRARY_PATH</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">export</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ARROW_HOME</span>:<span class="nv">$CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <input id="sd-tab-item-4" name="sd-tab-set-1" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="wins" for="sd-tab-item-4"> |
| Windows</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>Let’s create a conda environment with all the C++ build and Python dependencies |
| from conda-forge, targeting development for Python 3.13:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>create<span class="w"> </span>-y<span class="w"> </span>-n<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span>conda-forge<span class="w"> </span>^ |
| <span class="go"> --file arrow\ci\conda_env_cpp.txt ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> --file arrow\ci\conda_env_python.txt ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> --file arrow\ci\conda_env_gandiva.txt ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> python=3.13</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>activate<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Now, we can build and install Arrow C++ libraries.</p> |
| <p>We set the path of the installation directory of the Arrow C++ |
| libraries as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_HOME</span></code>. When using a conda environment, |
| Arrow C++ is installed in the environment directory, which path |
| is saved in the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda-build/en/latest/user-guide/environment-variables.html#environment-variables-that-affect-the-build-process">CONDA_PREFIX</a> |
| environment variable.</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">ARROW_HOME</span><span class="o">=</span>%CONDA_PREFIX%<span class="se">\L</span>ibrary |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </section> |
| <section id="build"> |
| <h2>Build<a class="headerlink" href="#build" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>First we need to configure, build and install the Arrow C++ libraries. |
| Then we can build PyArrow.</p> |
| <section id="build-c"> |
| <h3>Build C++<a class="headerlink" href="#build-c" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3> |
| <div class="sd-tab-set docutils"> |
| <input checked="checked" id="sd-tab-item-5" name="sd-tab-set-2" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="linux-macos" for="sd-tab-item-5"> |
| Linux and macOS</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>Now build the Arrow C++ libraries and install them into the directory we |
| created above (stored in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ARROW_HOME</span></code>):</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>-S<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp<span class="w"> </span>-B<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp/build<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ARROW_HOME</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--preset<span class="w"> </span>ninja-release-python |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>--build<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp/build<span class="w"> </span>--target<span class="w"> </span>install |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p><strong>About presets</strong></p> |
| <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ninja-release-python</span></code> is not the only preset available - if you would like a |
| build with more features like CUDA, Flight and Gandiva support you may opt for |
| the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ninja-release-python-maximal</span></code> preset. If you wanted less features, (i.e. |
| removing ORC and dataset support) you could opt for |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ninja-release-python-minimal</span></code>. Changing the word <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">release</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">debug</span></code> |
| with any of the aforementioned presets will generate a debug build of Arrow.</p> |
| <p><strong>Individual components</strong></p> |
| <p>The presets are provided as a convenience, but you may instead opt to |
| specify the individual components:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>-S<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp<span class="w"> </span>-B<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp/build<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ARROW_HOME</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE<span class="o">=</span>Debug<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_BUILD_TESTS<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_COMPUTE<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_CSV<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_DATASET<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_FILESYSTEM<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_HDFS<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_JSON<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_PARQUET<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_BROTLI<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_BZ2<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_LZ4<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_SNAPPY<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_ZLIB<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DARROW_WITH_ZSTD<span class="o">=</span>ON<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-DPARQUET_REQUIRE_ENCRYPTION<span class="o">=</span>ON |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>--build<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp/build<span class="w"> </span>--target<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-j4 |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>If multiple versions of Python are installed in your environment, you may have |
| to pass additional parameters to CMake so that it can find the right |
| executable, headers and libraries. For example, specifying |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DPython3_EXECUTABLE=<path/to/bin/python></span></code> lets CMake choose the |
| Python executable which you are using.</p> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p>On Linux systems with support for building on multiple architectures, |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span></code> may install libraries in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib64</span></code> directory by default. For |
| this reason we recommend passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR=lib</span></code> because the |
| Python build scripts assume the library directory is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib</span></code></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p>If you have conda installed but are not using it to manage dependencies, |
| and you have trouble building the C++ library, you may need to set |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=AUTO</span></code> or some other value (described |
| <a class="reference internal" href="../cpp/building.html#cpp-build-dependency-management"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a>) |
| to explicitly tell CMake not to use conda.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <input id="sd-tab-item-6" name="sd-tab-set-2" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="wins" for="sd-tab-item-6"> |
| Windows</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <p>There are presets provided as a convenience for building C++ (see Linux and macOS |
| tab). Here we will instead specify the individual components:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>arrow<span class="se">\c</span>pp<span class="se">\b</span>uild |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">pushd</span><span class="w"> </span>arrow<span class="se">\c</span>pp<span class="se">\b</span>uild |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>-G<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Ninja"</span><span class="w"> </span>^ |
| <span class="go"> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=%ARROW_HOME% ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DCMAKE_UNITY_BUILD=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_COMPUTE=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_CSV=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_CXXFLAGS="/WX /MP" ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_DATASET=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_FILESYSTEM=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_HDFS=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_JSON=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_PARQUET=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_WITH_LZ4=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_WITH_SNAPPY=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_WITH_ZLIB=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> -DARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON ^</span> |
| <span class="go"> ..</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>cmake<span class="w"> </span>--build<span class="w"> </span>.<span class="w"> </span>--target<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>--config<span class="w"> </span>Release |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">popd</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <section id="optional-build-components"> |
| <h4>Optional build components<a class="headerlink" href="#optional-build-components" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4> |
| <p>There are several optional components that can be enabled or disabled by setting |
| specific flags to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ON</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code>, respectively. See the list of |
| <a class="reference internal" href="#python-dev-env-variables"><span class="std std-ref">Relevant components and environment variables</span></a> below.</p> |
| <p>You may choose between different kinds of C++ build types:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release</span></code> (the default) produces a build with optimizations |
| enabled and debugging information disabled;</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug</span></code> produces a build with optimizations |
| disabled and debugging information enabled;</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo</span></code> produces a build with both optimizations |
| and debugging information enabled.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="admonition seealso"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> |
| <p><a class="reference internal" href="../cpp/building.html#cpp-building-building"><span class="std std-ref">Building Arrow C++</span></a>.</p> |
| <p>For any other C++ build challenges, see <a class="reference internal" href="../cpp/index.html#cpp-development"><span class="std std-ref">C++ Development</span></a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <p>In case you may need to rebuild the C++ part due to errors in the process it is |
| advisable to delete the build folder, see <a class="reference internal" href="#python-dev-env-variables"><span class="std std-ref">Relevant components and environment variables</span></a>. |
| If the build has passed successfully and you need to rebuild due to latest pull |
| from git main, then this step is not needed.</p> |
| </section> |
| </section> |
| <section id="pyarrow-build-section"> |
| <span id="id1"></span><h3>Build PyArrow<a class="headerlink" href="#pyarrow-build-section" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3> |
| <p>If you did build one of the optional components in C++, the equivalent components |
| will be enabled by default for building pyarrow. This default can be overridden |
| by setting the corresponding <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_$COMPONENT</span></code> environment variable |
| to 0 or 1, see <a class="reference internal" href="#python-dev-env-variables"><span class="std std-ref">Relevant components and environment variables</span></a> below.</p> |
| <p>To build PyArrow run:</p> |
| <div class="sd-tab-set docutils"> |
| <input checked="checked" id="sd-tab-item-7" name="sd-tab-set-3" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="linux-macos" for="sd-tab-item-7"> |
| Linux and macOS</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">pushd</span><span class="w"> </span>arrow/python |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>build_ext<span class="w"> </span>--inplace |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">popd</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <input id="sd-tab-item-8" name="sd-tab-set-3" type="radio"> |
| <label class="sd-tab-label" data-sync-group="language" data-sync-id="wins" for="sd-tab-item-8"> |
| Windows</label><div class="sd-tab-content docutils"> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">pushd</span><span class="w"> </span>arrow<span class="se">\p</span>ython |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>build_ext<span class="w"> </span>--inplace |
| <span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">popd</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p>If you are using Conda with Python 3.9 or earlier, you must |
| set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CONDA_DLL_SEARCH_MODIFICATION_ENABLE=1</span></code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p>With the above instructions the Arrow C++ libraries are not bundled with |
| the Python extension. This is recommended for development as it allows the |
| C++ libraries to be re-built separately.</p> |
| <p>If you are using the conda package manager then conda will ensure the Arrow C++ |
| libraries are found. <strong>In case you are NOT using conda</strong> then you have to:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p>add the path of installed DLL libraries to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PATH</span></code> every time before |
| importing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyarrow</span></code>, or</p></li> |
| <li><p>bundle the Arrow C++ libraries with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyarrow</span></code>.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p><strong>Bundle Arrow C++ and PyArrow</strong></p> |
| <p>If you want to bundle the Arrow C++ libraries with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyarrow</span></code>, set the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_BUNDLE_ARROW_CPP</span></code> environment variable before building <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyarrow</span></code>:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">set</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">PYARROW_BUNDLE_ARROW_CPP</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>build_ext<span class="w"> </span>--inplace |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Note that bundled Arrow C++ libraries will not be automatically |
| updated when rebuilding Arrow C++.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <p>To set the number of threads used to compile PyArrow’s C++/Cython components, |
| set the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_PARALLEL</span></code> environment variable.</p> |
| <p>If you build PyArrow but then make changes to the Arrow C++ or PyArrow code, |
| you can end up with stale build artifacts. This can lead to |
| unexpected behavior or errors. To avoid this, you can clean the build |
| artifacts before rebuilding. See <a class="reference internal" href="#python-dev-env-variables"><span class="std std-ref">Relevant components and environment variables</span></a>.</p> |
| <p>By default, PyArrow will be built in release mode even if Arrow C++ has been |
| built in debug mode. To create a debug build of PyArrow, run |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">export</span> <span class="pre">PYARROW_BUILD_TYPE=debug</span></code> prior to running <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">setup.py</span> |
| <span class="pre">build_ext</span> <span class="pre">--inplace</span></code> above. A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">relwithdebinfo</span></code> build can be created |
| similarly.</p> |
| <section id="self-contained-wheel"> |
| <h4>Self-Contained Wheel<a class="headerlink" href="#self-contained-wheel" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4> |
| <p>If you’re preparing a PyArrow wheel for distribution (e.g., for PyPI), you’ll |
| need to build a self-contained wheel (including the Arrow and Parquet C++ |
| libraries). This ensures that all necessary native libraries are bundled inside |
| the wheel, so users can install it without needing to have Arrow or Parquet |
| installed separately on their system.</p> |
| <p>To do this, pass the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--bundle-arrow-cpp</span></code> option to the build command:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>wheel<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># if not installed</span> |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>python<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>build_ext<span class="w"> </span>--build-type<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ARROW_BUILD_TYPE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>--bundle-arrow-cpp<span class="w"> </span>bdist_wheel |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>This option is typically only needed for releases or distribution scenarios, |
| not for local development.</p> |
| </section> |
| <section id="editable-install"> |
| <h4>Editable install<a class="headerlink" href="#editable-install" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4> |
| <p>To install an editable PyArrow build, run the following command from the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrow/python</span></code> directory:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">pip install -e . --no-build-isolation``</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>This creates an <em>editable install</em>, meaning changes to the Python source code |
| will be reflected immediately without needing to reinstall the package. |
| The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--no-build-isolation</span></code> flag ensures that the build uses your current |
| environment’s dependencies instead of creating an isolated one. This is |
| especially useful during development and debugging.</p> |
| </section> |
| </section> |
| <section id="deleting-stale-build-artifacts"> |
| <span id="stale-artifacts"></span><h3>Deleting stale build artifacts<a class="headerlink" href="#deleting-stale-build-artifacts" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3> |
| <p>When there have been changes to the structure of the Arrow C++ library or PyArrow, |
| a thorough cleaning is recommended as a first attempt to fixing build errors.</p> |
| <div class="admonition note"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Note</p> |
| <p>It is not necessarily intuitive from the error itself that the problem is due to stale artifacts. |
| Example of a build error from stale artifacts is |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Unknown</span> <span class="pre">CMake</span> <span class="pre">command</span> <span class="pre">"arrow_keep_backward_compatibility"</span></code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <p>To delete stale Arrow C++ build artifacts:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>rm<span class="w"> </span>-rf<span class="w"> </span>arrow/cpp/build |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>To delete stale PyArrow build artifacts:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>git<span class="w"> </span>clean<span class="w"> </span>-Xfd<span class="w"> </span>python |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>If using a Conda environment, there are some build artifacts that get installed in |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ARROW_HOME</span></code> (aka <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$CONDA_PREFIX</span></code>). For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ARROW_HOME/lib/cmake/Arrow*</span></code>, |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ARROW_HOME/include/arrow</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ARROW_HOME/lib/libarrow*</span></code>, etc.</p> |
| <p>These files can be manually deleted. If unsure which files to erase, one approach |
| is to recreate the Conda environment.</p> |
| <p>Either delete the current one, and start fresh:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>deactivate |
| <span class="gp">$ </span>conda<span class="w"> </span>remove<span class="w"> </span>-n<span class="w"> </span>pyarrow-dev |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Or, less destructively, create a different environment with a different name.</p> |
| </section> |
| <section id="docker-examples"> |
| <h3>Docker examples<a class="headerlink" href="#docker-examples" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3> |
| <p>If you are having difficulty building the Python library from source, take a |
| look at the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/apache/arrow/tree/main/python/examples/minimal_build">python/examples/minimal_build</a> |
| directory which illustrates a complete build and test from source both with |
| the conda- and pip-based build methods.</p> |
| </section> |
| </section> |
| <section id="test"> |
| <h2>Test<a class="headerlink" href="#test" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>Now you are ready to install test dependencies and run <a class="reference internal" href="development.html#python-unit-testing"><span class="std std-ref">Unit Testing</span></a>, as |
| described in development section.</p> |
| </section> |
| <section id="relevant-components-and-environment-variables"> |
| <span id="python-dev-env-variables"></span><h2>Relevant components and environment variables<a class="headerlink" href="#relevant-components-and-environment-variables" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>List of relevant environment variables that can be used to build |
| PyArrow are:</p> |
| <div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="table"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 33.3%" /> |
| <col style="width: 33.3%" /> |
| <col style="width: 33.3%" /> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>PyArrow environment variable</p></th> |
| <th class="head"><p>Description</p></th> |
| <th class="head"><p>Default value</p></th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_BUILD_TYPE</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Build type for PyArrow (release, debug or relwithdebinfo), sets <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">release</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_CMAKE_GENERATOR</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'Visual</span> <span class="pre">Studio</span> <span class="pre">17</span> <span class="pre">2022</span> <span class="pre">Win64'</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_CMAKE_OPTIONS</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Extra CMake and Arrow options (ex. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"-DARROW_SIMD_LEVEL=NONE</span> <span class="pre">-DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES=x86_64;arm64"</span></code>)</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_CXXFLAGS</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Extra C++ compiler flags</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_GENERATE_COVERAGE</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Setting <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Xlinetrace</span></code> flag to true for the Cython compiler</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">false</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_BUNDLE_ARROW_CPP</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Bundle the Arrow C++ libraries</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code>)</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_BUNDLE_CYTHON_CPP</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Bundle the C++ files generated by Cython</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code>)</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_BUILD_VERBOSE</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Enable verbose output from Makefile builds</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OFF</span></code>)</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_PARALLEL</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p>Number of processes used to compile PyArrow’s C++/Cython components</p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">''</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| <p>The components being disabled or enabled when building PyArrow is by default |
| based on how Arrow C++ is build (i.e. it follows the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_$COMPONENT</span></code> flags). |
| However, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_$COMPONENT</span></code> environment variables can still be used |
| to override this when building PyArrow (e.g. to disable components, or to enforce |
| certain components to be built):</p> |
| <div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="table"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 50.0%" /> |
| <col style="width: 50.0%" /> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Arrow flags/options</p></th> |
| <th class="head"><p>Corresponding environment variables for PyArrow</p></th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_GCS</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_GCS</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_S3</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_S3</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_AZURE</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_AZURE</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_HDFS</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_HDFS</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_CUDA</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_CUDA</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_SUBSTRAIT</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_SUBSTRAIT</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_FLIGHT</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_FLIGHT</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_ACERO</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_ACERO</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_DATASET</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_DATASET</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_PARQUET</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_PARQUET</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PARQUET_REQUIRE_ENCRYPTION</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_PARQUET_ENCRYPTION</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_ORC</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_ORC</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARROW_GANDIVA</span></code></p></td> |
| <td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYARROW_WITH_GANDIVA</span></code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| </section> |
| <section id="installing-nightly-packages"> |
| <h2>Installing Nightly Packages<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-nightly-packages" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <div class="admonition warning"> |
| <p class="admonition-title">Warning</p> |
| <p>These packages are not official releases. Use them at your own risk.</p> |
| </div> |
| <p>PyArrow has nightly wheels for testing purposes hosted at |
| <a class="reference external" href="https://anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/pyarrow">scientific-python-nightly-wheels</a>.</p> |
| <p>These may be suitable for downstream libraries in their continuous integration |
| setup to maintain compatibility with the upcoming PyArrow features, |
| deprecations, and/or feature removals.</p> |
| <p>To install the most recent nightly version of PyArrow, run:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>-i<span class="w"> </span>https://pypi.anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/simple<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span>pyarrow |
| </pre></div> |
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