src/arrow_data/data.rs.html - arrow-rs - Git at Google

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 <a href="#951" id="951">951</a>
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 <a href="#953" id="953">953</a>
 <a href="#954" id="954">954</a>
 <a href="#955" id="955">955</a>
 <a href="#956" id="956">956</a>
 <a href="#957" id="957">957</a>
 <a href="#958" id="958">958</a>
 <a href="#959" id="959">959</a>
 <a href="#960" id="960">960</a>
 <a href="#961" id="961">961</a>
 <a href="#962" id="962">962</a>
 <a href="#963" id="963">963</a>
 <a href="#964" id="964">964</a>
 <a href="#965" id="965">965</a>
 <a href="#966" id="966">966</a>
 <a href="#967" id="967">967</a>
 <a href="#968" id="968">968</a>
 <a href="#969" id="969">969</a>
 <a href="#970" id="970">970</a>
 <a href="#971" id="971">971</a>
 <a href="#972" id="972">972</a>
 <a href="#973" id="973">973</a>
 <a href="#974" id="974">974</a>
 <a href="#975" id="975">975</a>
 <a href="#976" id="976">976</a>
 <a href="#977" id="977">977</a>
 <a href="#978" id="978">978</a>
 <a href="#979" id="979">979</a>
 <a href="#980" id="980">980</a>
 <a href="#981" id="981">981</a>
 <a href="#982" id="982">982</a>
 <a href="#983" id="983">983</a>
 <a href="#984" id="984">984</a>
 <a href="#985" id="985">985</a>
 <a href="#986" id="986">986</a>
 <a href="#987" id="987">987</a>
 <a href="#988" id="988">988</a>
 <a href="#989" id="989">989</a>
 <a href="#990" id="990">990</a>
 <a href="#991" id="991">991</a>
 <a href="#992" id="992">992</a>
 <a href="#993" id="993">993</a>
 <a href="#994" id="994">994</a>
 <a href="#995" id="995">995</a>
 <a href="#996" id="996">996</a>
 <a href="#997" id="997">997</a>
 <a href="#998" id="998">998</a>
 <a href="#999" id="999">999</a>
 <a href="#1000" id="1000">1000</a>
 <a href="#1001" id="1001">1001</a>
 <a href="#1002" id="1002">1002</a>
 <a href="#1003" id="1003">1003</a>
 <a href="#1004" id="1004">1004</a>
 <a href="#1005" id="1005">1005</a>
 <a href="#1006" id="1006">1006</a>
 <a href="#1007" id="1007">1007</a>
 <a href="#1008" id="1008">1008</a>
 <a href="#1009" id="1009">1009</a>
 <a href="#1010" id="1010">1010</a>
 <a href="#1011" id="1011">1011</a>
 <a href="#1012" id="1012">1012</a>
 <a href="#1013" id="1013">1013</a>
 <a href="#1014" id="1014">1014</a>
 <a href="#1015" id="1015">1015</a>
 <a href="#1016" id="1016">1016</a>
 <a href="#1017" id="1017">1017</a>
 <a href="#1018" id="1018">1018</a>
 <a href="#1019" id="1019">1019</a>
 <a href="#1020" id="1020">1020</a>
 <a href="#1021" id="1021">1021</a>
 <a href="#1022" id="1022">1022</a>
 <a href="#1023" id="1023">1023</a>
 <a href="#1024" id="1024">1024</a>
 <a href="#1025" id="1025">1025</a>
 <a href="#1026" id="1026">1026</a>
 <a href="#1027" id="1027">1027</a>
 <a href="#1028" id="1028">1028</a>
 <a href="#1029" id="1029">1029</a>
 <a href="#1030" id="1030">1030</a>
 <a href="#1031" id="1031">1031</a>
 <a href="#1032" id="1032">1032</a>
 <a href="#1033" id="1033">1033</a>
 <a href="#1034" id="1034">1034</a>
 <a href="#1035" id="1035">1035</a>
 <a href="#1036" id="1036">1036</a>
 <a href="#1037" id="1037">1037</a>
 <a href="#1038" id="1038">1038</a>
 <a href="#1039" id="1039">1039</a>
 <a href="#1040" id="1040">1040</a>
 <a href="#1041" id="1041">1041</a>
 <a href="#1042" id="1042">1042</a>
 <a href="#1043" id="1043">1043</a>
 <a href="#1044" id="1044">1044</a>
 <a href="#1045" id="1045">1045</a>
 <a href="#1046" id="1046">1046</a>
 <a href="#1047" id="1047">1047</a>
 <a href="#1048" id="1048">1048</a>
 <a href="#1049" id="1049">1049</a>
 <a href="#1050" id="1050">1050</a>
 <a href="#1051" id="1051">1051</a>
 <a href="#1052" id="1052">1052</a>
 <a href="#1053" id="1053">1053</a>
 <a href="#1054" id="1054">1054</a>
 <a href="#1055" id="1055">1055</a>
 <a href="#1056" id="1056">1056</a>
 <a href="#1057" id="1057">1057</a>
 <a href="#1058" id="1058">1058</a>
 <a href="#1059" id="1059">1059</a>
 <a href="#1060" id="1060">1060</a>
 <a href="#1061" id="1061">1061</a>
 <a href="#1062" id="1062">1062</a>
 <a href="#1063" id="1063">1063</a>
 <a href="#1064" id="1064">1064</a>
 <a href="#1065" id="1065">1065</a>
 <a href="#1066" id="1066">1066</a>
 <a href="#1067" id="1067">1067</a>
 <a href="#1068" id="1068">1068</a>
 <a href="#1069" id="1069">1069</a>
 <a href="#1070" id="1070">1070</a>
 <a href="#1071" id="1071">1071</a>
 <a href="#1072" id="1072">1072</a>
 <a href="#1073" id="1073">1073</a>
 <a href="#1074" id="1074">1074</a>
 <a href="#1075" id="1075">1075</a>
 <a href="#1076" id="1076">1076</a>
 <a href="#1077" id="1077">1077</a>
 <a href="#1078" id="1078">1078</a>
 <a href="#1079" id="1079">1079</a>
 <a href="#1080" id="1080">1080</a>
 <a href="#1081" id="1081">1081</a>
 <a href="#1082" id="1082">1082</a>
 <a href="#1083" id="1083">1083</a>
 <a href="#1084" id="1084">1084</a>
 <a href="#1085" id="1085">1085</a>
 <a href="#1086" id="1086">1086</a>
 <a href="#1087" id="1087">1087</a>
 <a href="#1088" id="1088">1088</a>
 <a href="#1089" id="1089">1089</a>
 <a href="#1090" id="1090">1090</a>
 <a href="#1091" id="1091">1091</a>
 <a href="#1092" id="1092">1092</a>
 <a href="#1093" id="1093">1093</a>
 <a href="#1094" id="1094">1094</a>
 <a href="#1095" id="1095">1095</a>
 <a href="#1096" id="1096">1096</a>
 <a href="#1097" id="1097">1097</a>
 <a href="#1098" id="1098">1098</a>
 <a href="#1099" id="1099">1099</a>
 <a href="#1100" id="1100">1100</a>
 <a href="#1101" id="1101">1101</a>
 <a href="#1102" id="1102">1102</a>
 <a href="#1103" id="1103">1103</a>
 <a href="#1104" id="1104">1104</a>
 <a href="#1105" id="1105">1105</a>
 <a href="#1106" id="1106">1106</a>
 <a href="#1107" id="1107">1107</a>
 <a href="#1108" id="1108">1108</a>
 <a href="#1109" id="1109">1109</a>
 <a href="#1110" id="1110">1110</a>
 <a href="#1111" id="1111">1111</a>
 <a href="#1112" id="1112">1112</a>
 <a href="#1113" id="1113">1113</a>
 <a href="#1114" id="1114">1114</a>
 <a href="#1115" id="1115">1115</a>
 <a href="#1116" id="1116">1116</a>
 <a href="#1117" id="1117">1117</a>
 <a href="#1118" id="1118">1118</a>
 <a href="#1119" id="1119">1119</a>
 <a href="#1120" id="1120">1120</a>
 <a href="#1121" id="1121">1121</a>
 <a href="#1122" id="1122">1122</a>
 <a href="#1123" id="1123">1123</a>
 <a href="#1124" id="1124">1124</a>
 <a href="#1125" id="1125">1125</a>
 <a href="#1126" id="1126">1126</a>
 <a href="#1127" id="1127">1127</a>
 <a href="#1128" id="1128">1128</a>
 <a href="#1129" id="1129">1129</a>
 <a href="#1130" id="1130">1130</a>
 <a href="#1131" id="1131">1131</a>
 <a href="#1132" id="1132">1132</a>
 <a href="#1133" id="1133">1133</a>
 <a href="#1134" id="1134">1134</a>
 <a href="#1135" id="1135">1135</a>
 <a href="#1136" id="1136">1136</a>
 <a href="#1137" id="1137">1137</a>
 <a href="#1138" id="1138">1138</a>
 <a href="#1139" id="1139">1139</a>
 <a href="#1140" id="1140">1140</a>
 <a href="#1141" id="1141">1141</a>
 <a href="#1142" id="1142">1142</a>
 <a href="#1143" id="1143">1143</a>
 <a href="#1144" id="1144">1144</a>
 <a href="#1145" id="1145">1145</a>
 <a href="#1146" id="1146">1146</a>
 <a href="#1147" id="1147">1147</a>
 <a href="#1148" id="1148">1148</a>
 <a href="#1149" id="1149">1149</a>
 <a href="#1150" id="1150">1150</a>
 <a href="#1151" id="1151">1151</a>
 <a href="#1152" id="1152">1152</a>
 <a href="#1153" id="1153">1153</a>
 <a href="#1154" id="1154">1154</a>
 <a href="#1155" id="1155">1155</a>
 <a href="#1156" id="1156">1156</a>
 <a href="#1157" id="1157">1157</a>
 <a href="#1158" id="1158">1158</a>
 <a href="#1159" id="1159">1159</a>
 <a href="#1160" id="1160">1160</a>
 <a href="#1161" id="1161">1161</a>
 <a href="#1162" id="1162">1162</a>
 <a href="#1163" id="1163">1163</a>
 <a href="#1164" id="1164">1164</a>
 <a href="#1165" id="1165">1165</a>
 <a href="#1166" id="1166">1166</a>
 <a href="#1167" id="1167">1167</a>
 <a href="#1168" id="1168">1168</a>
 <a href="#1169" id="1169">1169</a>
 <a href="#1170" id="1170">1170</a>
 <a href="#1171" id="1171">1171</a>
 <a href="#1172" id="1172">1172</a>
 <a href="#1173" id="1173">1173</a>
 <a href="#1174" id="1174">1174</a>
 <a href="#1175" id="1175">1175</a>
 <a href="#1176" id="1176">1176</a>
 <a href="#1177" id="1177">1177</a>
 <a href="#1178" id="1178">1178</a>
 <a href="#1179" id="1179">1179</a>
 <a href="#1180" id="1180">1180</a>
 <a href="#1181" id="1181">1181</a>
 <a href="#1182" id="1182">1182</a>
 <a href="#1183" id="1183">1183</a>
 <a href="#1184" id="1184">1184</a>
 <a href="#1185" id="1185">1185</a>
 <a href="#1186" id="1186">1186</a>
 <a href="#1187" id="1187">1187</a>
 <a href="#1188" id="1188">1188</a>
 <a href="#1189" id="1189">1189</a>
 <a href="#1190" id="1190">1190</a>
 <a href="#1191" id="1191">1191</a>
 <a href="#1192" id="1192">1192</a>
 <a href="#1193" id="1193">1193</a>
 <a href="#1194" id="1194">1194</a>
 <a href="#1195" id="1195">1195</a>
 <a href="#1196" id="1196">1196</a>
 <a href="#1197" id="1197">1197</a>
 <a href="#1198" id="1198">1198</a>
 <a href="#1199" id="1199">1199</a>
 <a href="#1200" id="1200">1200</a>
 <a href="#1201" id="1201">1201</a>
 <a href="#1202" id="1202">1202</a>
 <a href="#1203" id="1203">1203</a>
 <a href="#1204" id="1204">1204</a>
 <a href="#1205" id="1205">1205</a>
 <a href="#1206" id="1206">1206</a>
 <a href="#1207" id="1207">1207</a>
 <a href="#1208" id="1208">1208</a>
 <a href="#1209" id="1209">1209</a>
 <a href="#1210" id="1210">1210</a>
 <a href="#1211" id="1211">1211</a>
 <a href="#1212" id="1212">1212</a>
 <a href="#1213" id="1213">1213</a>
 <a href="#1214" id="1214">1214</a>
 <a href="#1215" id="1215">1215</a>
 <a href="#1216" id="1216">1216</a>
 <a href="#1217" id="1217">1217</a>
 <a href="#1218" id="1218">1218</a>
 <a href="#1219" id="1219">1219</a>
 <a href="#1220" id="1220">1220</a>
 <a href="#1221" id="1221">1221</a>
 <a href="#1222" id="1222">1222</a>
 <a href="#1223" id="1223">1223</a>
 <a href="#1224" id="1224">1224</a>
 <a href="#1225" id="1225">1225</a>
 <a href="#1226" id="1226">1226</a>
 <a href="#1227" id="1227">1227</a>
 <a href="#1228" id="1228">1228</a>
 <a href="#1229" id="1229">1229</a>
 <a href="#1230" id="1230">1230</a>
 <a href="#1231" id="1231">1231</a>
 <a href="#1232" id="1232">1232</a>
 <a href="#1233" id="1233">1233</a>
 <a href="#1234" id="1234">1234</a>
 <a href="#1235" id="1235">1235</a>
 <a href="#1236" id="1236">1236</a>
 <a href="#1237" id="1237">1237</a>
 <a href="#1238" id="1238">1238</a>
 <a href="#1239" id="1239">1239</a>
 <a href="#1240" id="1240">1240</a>
 <a href="#1241" id="1241">1241</a>
 <a href="#1242" id="1242">1242</a>
 <a href="#1243" id="1243">1243</a>
 <a href="#1244" id="1244">1244</a>
 <a href="#1245" id="1245">1245</a>
 <a href="#1246" id="1246">1246</a>
 <a href="#1247" id="1247">1247</a>
 <a href="#1248" id="1248">1248</a>
 <a href="#1249" id="1249">1249</a>
 <a href="#1250" id="1250">1250</a>
 <a href="#1251" id="1251">1251</a>
 <a href="#1252" id="1252">1252</a>
 <a href="#1253" id="1253">1253</a>
 <a href="#1254" id="1254">1254</a>
 <a href="#1255" id="1255">1255</a>
 <a href="#1256" id="1256">1256</a>
 <a href="#1257" id="1257">1257</a>
 <a href="#1258" id="1258">1258</a>
 <a href="#1259" id="1259">1259</a>
 <a href="#1260" id="1260">1260</a>
 <a href="#1261" id="1261">1261</a>
 <a href="#1262" id="1262">1262</a>
 <a href="#1263" id="1263">1263</a>
 <a href="#1264" id="1264">1264</a>
 <a href="#1265" id="1265">1265</a>
 <a href="#1266" id="1266">1266</a>
 <a href="#1267" id="1267">1267</a>
 <a href="#1268" id="1268">1268</a>
 <a href="#1269" id="1269">1269</a>
 <a href="#1270" id="1270">1270</a>
 <a href="#1271" id="1271">1271</a>
 <a href="#1272" id="1272">1272</a>
 <a href="#1273" id="1273">1273</a>
 <a href="#1274" id="1274">1274</a>
 <a href="#1275" id="1275">1275</a>
 <a href="#1276" id="1276">1276</a>
 <a href="#1277" id="1277">1277</a>
 <a href="#1278" id="1278">1278</a>
 <a href="#1279" id="1279">1279</a>
 <a href="#1280" id="1280">1280</a>
 <a href="#1281" id="1281">1281</a>
 <a href="#1282" id="1282">1282</a>
 <a href="#1283" id="1283">1283</a>
 <a href="#1284" id="1284">1284</a>
 <a href="#1285" id="1285">1285</a>
 <a href="#1286" id="1286">1286</a>
 <a href="#1287" id="1287">1287</a>
 <a href="#1288" id="1288">1288</a>
 <a href="#1289" id="1289">1289</a>
 <a href="#1290" id="1290">1290</a>
 <a href="#1291" id="1291">1291</a>
 <a href="#1292" id="1292">1292</a>
 <a href="#1293" id="1293">1293</a>
 <a href="#1294" id="1294">1294</a>
 <a href="#1295" id="1295">1295</a>
 <a href="#1296" id="1296">1296</a>
 <a href="#1297" id="1297">1297</a>
 <a href="#1298" id="1298">1298</a>
 <a href="#1299" id="1299">1299</a>
 <a href="#1300" id="1300">1300</a>
 <a href="#1301" id="1301">1301</a>
 <a href="#1302" id="1302">1302</a>
 <a href="#1303" id="1303">1303</a>
 <a href="#1304" id="1304">1304</a>
 <a href="#1305" id="1305">1305</a>
 <a href="#1306" id="1306">1306</a>
 <a href="#1307" id="1307">1307</a>
 <a href="#1308" id="1308">1308</a>
 <a href="#1309" id="1309">1309</a>
 <a href="#1310" id="1310">1310</a>
 <a href="#1311" id="1311">1311</a>
 <a href="#1312" id="1312">1312</a>
 <a href="#1313" id="1313">1313</a>
 <a href="#1314" id="1314">1314</a>
 <a href="#1315" id="1315">1315</a>
 <a href="#1316" id="1316">1316</a>
 <a href="#1317" id="1317">1317</a>
 <a href="#1318" id="1318">1318</a>
 <a href="#1319" id="1319">1319</a>
 <a href="#1320" id="1320">1320</a>
 <a href="#1321" id="1321">1321</a>
 <a href="#1322" id="1322">1322</a>
 <a href="#1323" id="1323">1323</a>
 <a href="#1324" id="1324">1324</a>
 <a href="#1325" id="1325">1325</a>
 <a href="#1326" id="1326">1326</a>
 <a href="#1327" id="1327">1327</a>
 <a href="#1328" id="1328">1328</a>
 <a href="#1329" id="1329">1329</a>
 <a href="#1330" id="1330">1330</a>
 <a href="#1331" id="1331">1331</a>
 <a href="#1332" id="1332">1332</a>
 <a href="#1333" id="1333">1333</a>
 <a href="#1334" id="1334">1334</a>
 <a href="#1335" id="1335">1335</a>
 <a href="#1336" id="1336">1336</a>
 <a href="#1337" id="1337">1337</a>
 <a href="#1338" id="1338">1338</a>
 <a href="#1339" id="1339">1339</a>
 <a href="#1340" id="1340">1340</a>
 <a href="#1341" id="1341">1341</a>
 <a href="#1342" id="1342">1342</a>
 <a href="#1343" id="1343">1343</a>
 <a href="#1344" id="1344">1344</a>
 <a href="#1345" id="1345">1345</a>
 <a href="#1346" id="1346">1346</a>
 <a href="#1347" id="1347">1347</a>
 <a href="#1348" id="1348">1348</a>
 <a href="#1349" id="1349">1349</a>
 <a href="#1350" id="1350">1350</a>
 <a href="#1351" id="1351">1351</a>
 <a href="#1352" id="1352">1352</a>
 <a href="#1353" id="1353">1353</a>
 <a href="#1354" id="1354">1354</a>
 <a href="#1355" id="1355">1355</a>
 <a href="#1356" id="1356">1356</a>
 <a href="#1357" id="1357">1357</a>
 <a href="#1358" id="1358">1358</a>
 <a href="#1359" id="1359">1359</a>
 <a href="#1360" id="1360">1360</a>
 <a href="#1361" id="1361">1361</a>
 <a href="#1362" id="1362">1362</a>
 <a href="#1363" id="1363">1363</a>
 <a href="#1364" id="1364">1364</a>
 <a href="#1365" id="1365">1365</a>
 <a href="#1366" id="1366">1366</a>
 <a href="#1367" id="1367">1367</a>
 <a href="#1368" id="1368">1368</a>
 <a href="#1369" id="1369">1369</a>
 <a href="#1370" id="1370">1370</a>
 <a href="#1371" id="1371">1371</a>
 <a href="#1372" id="1372">1372</a>
 <a href="#1373" id="1373">1373</a>
 <a href="#1374" id="1374">1374</a>
 <a href="#1375" id="1375">1375</a>
 <a href="#1376" id="1376">1376</a>
 <a href="#1377" id="1377">1377</a>
 <a href="#1378" id="1378">1378</a>
 <a href="#1379" id="1379">1379</a>
 <a href="#1380" id="1380">1380</a>
 <a href="#1381" id="1381">1381</a>
 <a href="#1382" id="1382">1382</a>
 <a href="#1383" id="1383">1383</a>
 <a href="#1384" id="1384">1384</a>
 <a href="#1385" id="1385">1385</a>
 <a href="#1386" id="1386">1386</a>
 <a href="#1387" id="1387">1387</a>
 <a href="#1388" id="1388">1388</a>
 <a href="#1389" id="1389">1389</a>
 <a href="#1390" id="1390">1390</a>
 <a href="#1391" id="1391">1391</a>
 <a href="#1392" id="1392">1392</a>
 <a href="#1393" id="1393">1393</a>
 <a href="#1394" id="1394">1394</a>
 <a href="#1395" id="1395">1395</a>
 <a href="#1396" id="1396">1396</a>
 <a href="#1397" id="1397">1397</a>
 <a href="#1398" id="1398">1398</a>
 <a href="#1399" id="1399">1399</a>
 <a href="#1400" id="1400">1400</a>
 <a href="#1401" id="1401">1401</a>
 <a href="#1402" id="1402">1402</a>
 <a href="#1403" id="1403">1403</a>
 <a href="#1404" id="1404">1404</a>
 <a href="#1405" id="1405">1405</a>
 <a href="#1406" id="1406">1406</a>
 <a href="#1407" id="1407">1407</a>
 <a href="#1408" id="1408">1408</a>
 <a href="#1409" id="1409">1409</a>
 <a href="#1410" id="1410">1410</a>
 <a href="#1411" id="1411">1411</a>
 <a href="#1412" id="1412">1412</a>
 <a href="#1413" id="1413">1413</a>
 <a href="#1414" id="1414">1414</a>
 <a href="#1415" id="1415">1415</a>
 <a href="#1416" id="1416">1416</a>
 <a href="#1417" id="1417">1417</a>
 <a href="#1418" id="1418">1418</a>
 <a href="#1419" id="1419">1419</a>
 <a href="#1420" id="1420">1420</a>
 <a href="#1421" id="1421">1421</a>
 <a href="#1422" id="1422">1422</a>
 <a href="#1423" id="1423">1423</a>
 <a href="#1424" id="1424">1424</a>
 <a href="#1425" id="1425">1425</a>
 <a href="#1426" id="1426">1426</a>
 <a href="#1427" id="1427">1427</a>
 <a href="#1428" id="1428">1428</a>
 <a href="#1429" id="1429">1429</a>
 <a href="#1430" id="1430">1430</a>
 <a href="#1431" id="1431">1431</a>
 <a href="#1432" id="1432">1432</a>
 <a href="#1433" id="1433">1433</a>
 <a href="#1434" id="1434">1434</a>
 <a href="#1435" id="1435">1435</a>
 <a href="#1436" id="1436">1436</a>
 <a href="#1437" id="1437">1437</a>
 <a href="#1438" id="1438">1438</a>
 <a href="#1439" id="1439">1439</a>
 <a href="#1440" id="1440">1440</a>
 <a href="#1441" id="1441">1441</a>
 <a href="#1442" id="1442">1442</a>
 <a href="#1443" id="1443">1443</a>
 <a href="#1444" id="1444">1444</a>
 <a href="#1445" id="1445">1445</a>
 <a href="#1446" id="1446">1446</a>
 <a href="#1447" id="1447">1447</a>
 <a href="#1448" id="1448">1448</a>
 <a href="#1449" id="1449">1449</a>
 <a href="#1450" id="1450">1450</a>
 <a href="#1451" id="1451">1451</a>
 <a href="#1452" id="1452">1452</a>
 <a href="#1453" id="1453">1453</a>
 <a href="#1454" id="1454">1454</a>
 <a href="#1455" id="1455">1455</a>
 <a href="#1456" id="1456">1456</a>
 <a href="#1457" id="1457">1457</a>
 <a href="#1458" id="1458">1458</a>
 <a href="#1459" id="1459">1459</a>
 <a href="#1460" id="1460">1460</a>
 <a href="#1461" id="1461">1461</a>
 <a href="#1462" id="1462">1462</a>
 <a href="#1463" id="1463">1463</a>
 <a href="#1464" id="1464">1464</a>
 <a href="#1465" id="1465">1465</a>
 <a href="#1466" id="1466">1466</a>
 <a href="#1467" id="1467">1467</a>
 <a href="#1468" id="1468">1468</a>
 <a href="#1469" id="1469">1469</a>
 <a href="#1470" id="1470">1470</a>
 <a href="#1471" id="1471">1471</a>
 <a href="#1472" id="1472">1472</a>
 <a href="#1473" id="1473">1473</a>
 <a href="#1474" id="1474">1474</a>
 <a href="#1475" id="1475">1475</a>
 <a href="#1476" id="1476">1476</a>
 <a href="#1477" id="1477">1477</a>
 <a href="#1478" id="1478">1478</a>
 <a href="#1479" id="1479">1479</a>
 <a href="#1480" id="1480">1480</a>
 <a href="#1481" id="1481">1481</a>
 <a href="#1482" id="1482">1482</a>
 <a href="#1483" id="1483">1483</a>
 <a href="#1484" id="1484">1484</a>
 <a href="#1485" id="1485">1485</a>
 <a href="#1486" id="1486">1486</a>
 <a href="#1487" id="1487">1487</a>
 <a href="#1488" id="1488">1488</a>
 <a href="#1489" id="1489">1489</a>
 <a href="#1490" id="1490">1490</a>
 <a href="#1491" id="1491">1491</a>
 <a href="#1492" id="1492">1492</a>
 <a href="#1493" id="1493">1493</a>
 <a href="#1494" id="1494">1494</a>
 <a href="#1495" id="1495">1495</a>
 <a href="#1496" id="1496">1496</a>
 <a href="#1497" id="1497">1497</a>
 <a href="#1498" id="1498">1498</a>
 <a href="#1499" id="1499">1499</a>
 <a href="#1500" id="1500">1500</a>
 <a href="#1501" id="1501">1501</a>
 <a href="#1502" id="1502">1502</a>
 <a href="#1503" id="1503">1503</a>
 <a href="#1504" id="1504">1504</a>
 <a href="#1505" id="1505">1505</a>
 <a href="#1506" id="1506">1506</a>
 <a href="#1507" id="1507">1507</a>
 <a href="#1508" id="1508">1508</a>
 <a href="#1509" id="1509">1509</a>
 <a href="#1510" id="1510">1510</a>
 <a href="#1511" id="1511">1511</a>
 <a href="#1512" id="1512">1512</a>
 <a href="#1513" id="1513">1513</a>
 <a href="#1514" id="1514">1514</a>
 <a href="#1515" id="1515">1515</a>
 <a href="#1516" id="1516">1516</a>
 <a href="#1517" id="1517">1517</a>
 <a href="#1518" id="1518">1518</a>
 <a href="#1519" id="1519">1519</a>
 <a href="#1520" id="1520">1520</a>
 <a href="#1521" id="1521">1521</a>
 <a href="#1522" id="1522">1522</a>
 <a href="#1523" id="1523">1523</a>
 <a href="#1524" id="1524">1524</a>
 <a href="#1525" id="1525">1525</a>
 <a href="#1526" id="1526">1526</a>
 <a href="#1527" id="1527">1527</a>
 <a href="#1528" id="1528">1528</a>
 <a href="#1529" id="1529">1529</a>
 <a href="#1530" id="1530">1530</a>
 <a href="#1531" id="1531">1531</a>
 <a href="#1532" id="1532">1532</a>
 <a href="#1533" id="1533">1533</a>
 <a href="#1534" id="1534">1534</a>
 <a href="#1535" id="1535">1535</a>
 <a href="#1536" id="1536">1536</a>
 <a href="#1537" id="1537">1537</a>
 <a href="#1538" id="1538">1538</a>
 <a href="#1539" id="1539">1539</a>
 <a href="#1540" id="1540">1540</a>
 <a href="#1541" id="1541">1541</a>
 <a href="#1542" id="1542">1542</a>
 <a href="#1543" id="1543">1543</a>
 <a href="#1544" id="1544">1544</a>
 <a href="#1545" id="1545">1545</a>
 <a href="#1546" id="1546">1546</a>
 <a href="#1547" id="1547">1547</a>
 <a href="#1548" id="1548">1548</a>
 <a href="#1549" id="1549">1549</a>
 <a href="#1550" id="1550">1550</a>
 <a href="#1551" id="1551">1551</a>
 <a href="#1552" id="1552">1552</a>
 <a href="#1553" id="1553">1553</a>
 <a href="#1554" id="1554">1554</a>
 <a href="#1555" id="1555">1555</a>
 <a href="#1556" id="1556">1556</a>
 <a href="#1557" id="1557">1557</a>
 <a href="#1558" id="1558">1558</a>
 <a href="#1559" id="1559">1559</a>
 <a href="#1560" id="1560">1560</a>
 <a href="#1561" id="1561">1561</a>
 <a href="#1562" id="1562">1562</a>
 <a href="#1563" id="1563">1563</a>
 <a href="#1564" id="1564">1564</a>
 <a href="#1565" id="1565">1565</a>
 <a href="#1566" id="1566">1566</a>
 <a href="#1567" id="1567">1567</a>
 <a href="#1568" id="1568">1568</a>
 <a href="#1569" id="1569">1569</a>
 <a href="#1570" id="1570">1570</a>
 <a href="#1571" id="1571">1571</a>
 <a href="#1572" id="1572">1572</a>
 <a href="#1573" id="1573">1573</a>
 <a href="#1574" id="1574">1574</a>
 <a href="#1575" id="1575">1575</a>
 <a href="#1576" id="1576">1576</a>
 <a href="#1577" id="1577">1577</a>
 <a href="#1578" id="1578">1578</a>
 <a href="#1579" id="1579">1579</a>
 <a href="#1580" id="1580">1580</a>
 <a href="#1581" id="1581">1581</a>
 <a href="#1582" id="1582">1582</a>
 <a href="#1583" id="1583">1583</a>
 <a href="#1584" id="1584">1584</a>
 <a href="#1585" id="1585">1585</a>
 <a href="#1586" id="1586">1586</a>
 <a href="#1587" id="1587">1587</a>
 <a href="#1588" id="1588">1588</a>
 <a href="#1589" id="1589">1589</a>
 <a href="#1590" id="1590">1590</a>
 <a href="#1591" id="1591">1591</a>
 <a href="#1592" id="1592">1592</a>
 <a href="#1593" id="1593">1593</a>
 <a href="#1594" id="1594">1594</a>
 <a href="#1595" id="1595">1595</a>
 <a href="#1596" id="1596">1596</a>
 <a href="#1597" id="1597">1597</a>
 <a href="#1598" id="1598">1598</a>
 <a href="#1599" id="1599">1599</a>
 <a href="#1600" id="1600">1600</a>
 <a href="#1601" id="1601">1601</a>
 <a href="#1602" id="1602">1602</a>
 <a href="#1603" id="1603">1603</a>
 <a href="#1604" id="1604">1604</a>
 <a href="#1605" id="1605">1605</a>
 <a href="#1606" id="1606">1606</a>
 <a href="#1607" id="1607">1607</a>
 <a href="#1608" id="1608">1608</a>
 <a href="#1609" id="1609">1609</a>
 <a href="#1610" id="1610">1610</a>
 <a href="#1611" id="1611">1611</a>
 <a href="#1612" id="1612">1612</a>
 <a href="#1613" id="1613">1613</a>
 <a href="#1614" id="1614">1614</a>
 <a href="#1615" id="1615">1615</a>
 <a href="#1616" id="1616">1616</a>
 <a href="#1617" id="1617">1617</a>
 <a href="#1618" id="1618">1618</a>
 <a href="#1619" id="1619">1619</a>
 <a href="#1620" id="1620">1620</a>
 <a href="#1621" id="1621">1621</a>
 <a href="#1622" id="1622">1622</a>
 <a href="#1623" id="1623">1623</a>
 <a href="#1624" id="1624">1624</a>
 <a href="#1625" id="1625">1625</a>
 <a href="#1626" id="1626">1626</a>
 <a href="#1627" id="1627">1627</a>
 <a href="#1628" id="1628">1628</a>
 <a href="#1629" id="1629">1629</a>
 <a href="#1630" id="1630">1630</a>
 <a href="#1631" id="1631">1631</a>
 <a href="#1632" id="1632">1632</a>
 <a href="#1633" id="1633">1633</a>
 <a href="#1634" id="1634">1634</a>
 <a href="#1635" id="1635">1635</a>
 <a href="#1636" id="1636">1636</a>
 <a href="#1637" id="1637">1637</a>
 <a href="#1638" id="1638">1638</a>
 <a href="#1639" id="1639">1639</a>
 <a href="#1640" id="1640">1640</a>
 <a href="#1641" id="1641">1641</a>
 <a href="#1642" id="1642">1642</a>
 <a href="#1643" id="1643">1643</a>
 <a href="#1644" id="1644">1644</a>
 <a href="#1645" id="1645">1645</a>
 <a href="#1646" id="1646">1646</a>
 <a href="#1647" id="1647">1647</a>
 <a href="#1648" id="1648">1648</a>
 <a href="#1649" id="1649">1649</a>
 <a href="#1650" id="1650">1650</a>
 <a href="#1651" id="1651">1651</a>
 <a href="#1652" id="1652">1652</a>
 <a href="#1653" id="1653">1653</a>
 <a href="#1654" id="1654">1654</a>
 <a href="#1655" id="1655">1655</a>
 <a href="#1656" id="1656">1656</a>
 <a href="#1657" id="1657">1657</a>
 <a href="#1658" id="1658">1658</a>
 <a href="#1659" id="1659">1659</a>
 <a href="#1660" id="1660">1660</a>
 <a href="#1661" id="1661">1661</a>
 <a href="#1662" id="1662">1662</a>
 <a href="#1663" id="1663">1663</a>
 <a href="#1664" id="1664">1664</a>
 <a href="#1665" id="1665">1665</a>
 <a href="#1666" id="1666">1666</a>
 <a href="#1667" id="1667">1667</a>
 <a href="#1668" id="1668">1668</a>
 <a href="#1669" id="1669">1669</a>
 <a href="#1670" id="1670">1670</a>
 <a href="#1671" id="1671">1671</a>
 <a href="#1672" id="1672">1672</a>
 <a href="#1673" id="1673">1673</a>
 <a href="#1674" id="1674">1674</a>
 <a href="#1675" id="1675">1675</a>
 <a href="#1676" id="1676">1676</a>
 <a href="#1677" id="1677">1677</a>
 <a href="#1678" id="1678">1678</a>
 <a href="#1679" id="1679">1679</a>
 <a href="#1680" id="1680">1680</a>
 <a href="#1681" id="1681">1681</a>
 <a href="#1682" id="1682">1682</a>
 <a href="#1683" id="1683">1683</a>
 <a href="#1684" id="1684">1684</a>
 <a href="#1685" id="1685">1685</a>
 <a href="#1686" id="1686">1686</a>
 <a href="#1687" id="1687">1687</a>
 <a href="#1688" id="1688">1688</a>
 <a href="#1689" id="1689">1689</a>
 <a href="#1690" id="1690">1690</a>
 <a href="#1691" id="1691">1691</a>
 <a href="#1692" id="1692">1692</a>
 <a href="#1693" id="1693">1693</a>
 <a href="#1694" id="1694">1694</a>
 <a href="#1695" id="1695">1695</a>
 <a href="#1696" id="1696">1696</a>
 <a href="#1697" id="1697">1697</a>
 <a href="#1698" id="1698">1698</a>
 <a href="#1699" id="1699">1699</a>
 <a href="#1700" id="1700">1700</a>
 <a href="#1701" id="1701">1701</a>
 <a href="#1702" id="1702">1702</a>
 <a href="#1703" id="1703">1703</a>
 <a href="#1704" id="1704">1704</a>
 <a href="#1705" id="1705">1705</a>
 <a href="#1706" id="1706">1706</a>
 <a href="#1707" id="1707">1707</a>
 <a href="#1708" id="1708">1708</a>
 <a href="#1709" id="1709">1709</a>
 <a href="#1710" id="1710">1710</a>
 <a href="#1711" id="1711">1711</a>
 <a href="#1712" id="1712">1712</a>
 <a href="#1713" id="1713">1713</a>
 <a href="#1714" id="1714">1714</a>
 <a href="#1715" id="1715">1715</a>
 <a href="#1716" id="1716">1716</a>
 <a href="#1717" id="1717">1717</a>
 <a href="#1718" id="1718">1718</a>
 <a href="#1719" id="1719">1719</a>
 <a href="#1720" id="1720">1720</a>
 <a href="#1721" id="1721">1721</a>
 <a href="#1722" id="1722">1722</a>
 <a href="#1723" id="1723">1723</a>
 <a href="#1724" id="1724">1724</a>
 <a href="#1725" id="1725">1725</a>
 <a href="#1726" id="1726">1726</a>
 <a href="#1727" id="1727">1727</a>
 <a href="#1728" id="1728">1728</a>
 <a href="#1729" id="1729">1729</a>
 <a href="#1730" id="1730">1730</a>
 <a href="#1731" id="1731">1731</a>
 <a href="#1732" id="1732">1732</a>
 <a href="#1733" id="1733">1733</a>
 <a href="#1734" id="1734">1734</a>
 <a href="#1735" id="1735">1735</a>
 <a href="#1736" id="1736">1736</a>
 <a href="#1737" id="1737">1737</a>
 <a href="#1738" id="1738">1738</a>
 <a href="#1739" id="1739">1739</a>
 <a href="#1740" id="1740">1740</a>
 <a href="#1741" id="1741">1741</a>
 <a href="#1742" id="1742">1742</a>
 <a href="#1743" id="1743">1743</a>
 <a href="#1744" id="1744">1744</a>
 <a href="#1745" id="1745">1745</a>
 <a href="#1746" id="1746">1746</a>
 <a href="#1747" id="1747">1747</a>
 <a href="#1748" id="1748">1748</a>
 <a href="#1749" id="1749">1749</a>
 <a href="#1750" id="1750">1750</a>
 <a href="#1751" id="1751">1751</a>
 <a href="#1752" id="1752">1752</a>
 <a href="#1753" id="1753">1753</a>
 <a href="#1754" id="1754">1754</a>
 <a href="#1755" id="1755">1755</a>
 <a href="#1756" id="1756">1756</a>
 <a href="#1757" id="1757">1757</a>
 <a href="#1758" id="1758">1758</a>
 <a href="#1759" id="1759">1759</a>
 <a href="#1760" id="1760">1760</a>
 <a href="#1761" id="1761">1761</a>
 <a href="#1762" id="1762">1762</a>
 <a href="#1763" id="1763">1763</a>
 <a href="#1764" id="1764">1764</a>
 <a href="#1765" id="1765">1765</a>
 <a href="#1766" id="1766">1766</a>
 <a href="#1767" id="1767">1767</a>
 <a href="#1768" id="1768">1768</a>
 <a href="#1769" id="1769">1769</a>
 <a href="#1770" id="1770">1770</a>
 <a href="#1771" id="1771">1771</a>
 <a href="#1772" id="1772">1772</a>
 <a href="#1773" id="1773">1773</a>
 <a href="#1774" id="1774">1774</a>
 <a href="#1775" id="1775">1775</a>
 <a href="#1776" id="1776">1776</a>
 <a href="#1777" id="1777">1777</a>
 <a href="#1778" id="1778">1778</a>
 <a href="#1779" id="1779">1779</a>
 <a href="#1780" id="1780">1780</a>
 <a href="#1781" id="1781">1781</a>
 <a href="#1782" id="1782">1782</a>
 <a href="#1783" id="1783">1783</a>
 <a href="#1784" id="1784">1784</a>
 <a href="#1785" id="1785">1785</a>
 <a href="#1786" id="1786">1786</a>
 <a href="#1787" id="1787">1787</a>
 <a href="#1788" id="1788">1788</a>
 <a href="#1789" id="1789">1789</a>
 <a href="#1790" id="1790">1790</a>
 <a href="#1791" id="1791">1791</a>
 <a href="#1792" id="1792">1792</a>
 <a href="#1793" id="1793">1793</a>
 <a href="#1794" id="1794">1794</a>
 <a href="#1795" id="1795">1795</a>
 <a href="#1796" id="1796">1796</a>
 <a href="#1797" id="1797">1797</a>
 <a href="#1798" id="1798">1798</a>
 <a href="#1799" id="1799">1799</a>
 <a href="#1800" id="1800">1800</a>
 <a href="#1801" id="1801">1801</a>
 <a href="#1802" id="1802">1802</a>
 <a href="#1803" id="1803">1803</a>
 <a href="#1804" id="1804">1804</a>
 <a href="#1805" id="1805">1805</a>
 <a href="#1806" id="1806">1806</a>
 <a href="#1807" id="1807">1807</a>
 <a href="#1808" id="1808">1808</a>
 <a href="#1809" id="1809">1809</a>
 <a href="#1810" id="1810">1810</a>
 <a href="#1811" id="1811">1811</a>
 <a href="#1812" id="1812">1812</a>
 <a href="#1813" id="1813">1813</a>
 <a href="#1814" id="1814">1814</a>
 <a href="#1815" id="1815">1815</a>
 <a href="#1816" id="1816">1816</a>
 <a href="#1817" id="1817">1817</a>
 <a href="#1818" id="1818">1818</a>
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 </pre></div><pre class="rust"><code><span class="comment">// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 // or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 // distributed with this work for additional information
 // regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 // with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 //
 //   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 //
 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 // software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 // KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 // specific language governing permissions and limitations
 // under the License.

 </span><span class="doccomment">//! Contains [`ArrayData`], a generic representation of Arrow array data which encapsulates
 //! common attributes and operations for Arrow array.

 </span><span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::bit_iterator::BitSliceIterator;
 <span class="kw">use </span>arrow_buffer::buffer::{BooleanBuffer, NullBuffer};
 <span class="kw">use </span>arrow_buffer::{bit_util, i256, ArrowNativeType, Buffer, MutableBuffer};
 <span class="kw">use </span>arrow_schema::{ArrowError, DataType, UnionMode};
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::ops::Range;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::sync::Arc;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::{mem, usize};

 <span class="kw">use crate</span>::{equal, validate_binary_view, validate_string_view};

 <span class="doccomment">/// A collection of [`Buffer`]
 </span><span class="attr">#[doc(hidden)]
 #[deprecated(note = <span class="string">"Use [Buffer]"</span>)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub type </span>Buffers&lt;<span class="lifetime">'a</span>&gt; = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">'a </span>[Buffer];

 <span class="attr">#[inline]
 </span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>contains_nulls(
     null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>NullBuffer&gt;,
     offset: usize,
     len: usize,
 ) -&gt; bool {
     <span class="kw">match </span>null_bit_buffer {
         <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(buffer) =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">match </span>BitSliceIterator::new(buffer.validity(), buffer.offset() + offset, len).next() {
                 <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>((start, end)) =&gt; start != <span class="number">0 </span>|| end != len,
                 <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; len != <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="comment">// No non-null values
             </span>}
         }
         <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="comment">// No null buffer
     </span>}
 }

 <span class="attr">#[inline]
 </span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>count_nulls(
     null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>NullBuffer&gt;,
     offset: usize,
     len: usize,
 ) -&gt; usize {
     <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(buf) = null_bit_buffer {
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = buf.buffer();
         len - buffer.count_set_bits_offset(offset + buf.offset(), len)
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         <span class="number">0
     </span>}
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// creates 2 [`MutableBuffer`]s with a given `capacity` (in slots).
 </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
 </span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>new_buffers(data_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType, capacity: usize) -&gt; [MutableBuffer; <span class="number">2</span>] {
     <span class="kw">let </span>empty_buffer = MutableBuffer::new(<span class="number">0</span>);
     <span class="kw">match </span>data_type {
         DataType::Null =&gt; [empty_buffer, MutableBuffer::new(<span class="number">0</span>)],
         DataType::Boolean =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span>bytes = bit_util::ceil(capacity, <span class="number">8</span>);
             <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = MutableBuffer::new(bytes);
             [buffer, empty_buffer]
         }
         DataType::UInt8
         | DataType::UInt16
         | DataType::UInt32
         | DataType::UInt64
         | DataType::Int8
         | DataType::Int16
         | DataType::Int32
         | DataType::Int64
         | DataType::Float16
         | DataType::Float32
         | DataType::Float64
         | DataType::Date32
         | DataType::Time32(<span class="kw">_</span>)
         | DataType::Date64
         | DataType::Time64(<span class="kw">_</span>)
         | DataType::Duration(<span class="kw">_</span>)
         | DataType::Timestamp(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>)
         | DataType::Interval(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * data_type.primitive_width().unwrap()),
             empty_buffer,
         ],
         DataType::Utf8 | DataType::Binary =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buffer = MutableBuffer::new((<span class="number">1 </span>+ capacity) * mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;());
             <span class="comment">// safety: `unsafe` code assumes that this buffer is initialized with one element
             </span>buffer.push(<span class="number">0i32</span>);
             [buffer, MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;u8&gt;())]
         }
         DataType::LargeUtf8 | DataType::LargeBinary =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buffer = MutableBuffer::new((<span class="number">1 </span>+ capacity) * mem::size_of::&lt;i64&gt;());
             <span class="comment">// safety: `unsafe` code assumes that this buffer is initialized with one element
             </span>buffer.push(<span class="number">0i64</span>);
             [buffer, MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;u8&gt;())]
         }
         DataType::BinaryView | DataType::Utf8View =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;u128&gt;()),
             empty_buffer,
         ],
         DataType::List(<span class="kw">_</span>) | DataType::Map(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
             <span class="comment">// offset buffer always starts with a zero
             </span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buffer = MutableBuffer::new((<span class="number">1 </span>+ capacity) * mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;());
             buffer.push(<span class="number">0i32</span>);
             [buffer, empty_buffer]
         }
         DataType::ListView(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;()),
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;()),
         ],
         DataType::LargeList(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
             <span class="comment">// offset buffer always starts with a zero
             </span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buffer = MutableBuffer::new((<span class="number">1 </span>+ capacity) * mem::size_of::&lt;i64&gt;());
             buffer.push(<span class="number">0i64</span>);
             [buffer, empty_buffer]
         }
         DataType::LargeListView(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i64&gt;()),
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i64&gt;()),
         ],
         DataType::FixedSizeBinary(size) =&gt; {
             [MutableBuffer::new(capacity * <span class="kw-2">*</span>size <span class="kw">as </span>usize), empty_buffer]
         }
         DataType::Dictionary(k, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * k.primitive_width().unwrap()),
             empty_buffer,
         ],
         DataType::FixedSizeList(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) | DataType::Struct(<span class="kw">_</span>) | DataType::RunEndEncoded(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
             [empty_buffer, MutableBuffer::new(<span class="number">0</span>)]
         }
         DataType::Decimal128(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) | DataType::Decimal256(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; [
             MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;u8&gt;()),
             empty_buffer,
         ],
         DataType::Union(<span class="kw">_</span>, mode) =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span>type_ids = MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i8&gt;());
             <span class="kw">match </span>mode {
                 UnionMode::Sparse =&gt; [type_ids, empty_buffer],
                 UnionMode::Dense =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>offsets = MutableBuffer::new(capacity * mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;());
                     [type_ids, offsets]
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// A generic representation of Arrow array data which encapsulates common attributes and
 /// operations for Arrow array. Specific operations for different arrays types (e.g.,
 /// primitive, list, struct) are implemented in `Array`.
 ///
 /// # Memory Layout
 ///
 /// `ArrayData` has references to one or more underlying data buffers
 /// and optional child ArrayData, depending on type as illustrated
 /// below. Bitmaps are not shown for simplicity but they are stored
 /// similarly to the buffers.
 ///
 /// ```text
 ///                        offset
 ///                       points to
 /// ┌───────────────────┐ start of  ┌───────┐       Different
 /// │                   │   data    │       │     ArrayData may
 /// │ArrayData {        │           │....   │     also refers to
 /// │  data_type: ...   │   ─ ─ ─ ─▶│1234   │  ┌ ─  the same
 /// │  offset: ... ─ ─ ─│─ ┘        │4372   │      underlying
 /// │  len: ...    ─ ─ ─│─ ┐        │4888   │  │     buffer with different offset/len
 /// │  buffers: [       │           │5882   │◀─
 /// │    ...            │  │        │4323   │
 /// │  ]                │   ─ ─ ─ ─▶│4859   │
 /// │  child_data: [    │           │....   │
 /// │    ...            │           │       │
 /// │  ]                │           └───────┘
 /// │}                  │
 /// │                   │            Shared Buffer uses
 /// │               │   │            bytes::Bytes to hold
 /// └───────────────────┘            actual data values
 ///           ┌ ─ ─ ┘
 ///
 ///           ▼
 /// ┌───────────────────┐
 /// │ArrayData {        │
 /// │  ...              │
 /// │}                  │
 /// │                   │
 /// └───────────────────┘
 ///
 /// Child ArrayData may also have its own buffers and children
 /// ```

 </span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>ArrayData {
     <span class="doccomment">/// The data type for this array data
     </span>data_type: DataType,

     <span class="doccomment">/// The number of elements in this array data
     </span>len: usize,

     <span class="doccomment">/// The offset into this array data, in number of items
     </span>offset: usize,

     <span class="doccomment">/// The buffers for this array data. Note that depending on the array types, this
     /// could hold different kinds of buffers (e.g., value buffer, value offset buffer)
     /// at different positions.
     </span>buffers: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;,

     <span class="doccomment">/// The child(ren) of this array. Only non-empty for nested types, currently
     /// `ListArray` and `StructArray`.
     </span>child_data: Vec&lt;ArrayData&gt;,

     <span class="doccomment">/// The null bitmap. A `None` value for this indicates all values are non-null in
     /// this array.
     </span>nulls: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;NullBuffer&gt;,
 }

 <span class="kw">pub type </span>ArrayDataRef = Arc&lt;ArrayData&gt;;

 <span class="kw">impl </span>ArrayData {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Create a new ArrayData instance;
     ///
     /// If `null_count` is not specified, the number of nulls in
     /// null_bit_buffer is calculated.
     ///
     /// If the number of nulls is 0 then the null_bit_buffer
     /// is set to `None`.
     ///
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// The input values *must* form a valid Arrow array for
     /// `data_type`, or undefined behavior can result.
     ///
     /// Note: This is a low level API and most users of the arrow
     /// crate should create arrays using the methods in the `array`
     /// module.
     </span><span class="kw">pub unsafe fn </span>new_unchecked(
         data_type: DataType,
         len: usize,
         null_count: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;usize&gt;,
         null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Buffer&gt;,
         offset: usize,
         buffers: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;,
         child_data: Vec&lt;ArrayData&gt;,
     ) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         ArrayDataBuilder {
             data_type,
             len,
             null_count,
             null_bit_buffer,
             nulls: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             offset,
             buffers,
             child_data,
         }
         .build_unchecked()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Create a new ArrayData, validating that the provided buffers form a valid
     /// Arrow array of the specified data type.
     ///
     /// If the number of nulls in `null_bit_buffer` is 0 then the null_bit_buffer
     /// is set to `None`.
     ///
     /// Internally this calls through to [`Self::validate_data`]
     ///
     /// Note: This is a low level API and most users of the arrow crate should create
     /// arrays using the builders found in [arrow_array](https://docs.rs/arrow-array)
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_new(
         data_type: DataType,
         len: usize,
         null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Buffer&gt;,
         offset: usize,
         buffers: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;,
         child_data: Vec&lt;ArrayData&gt;,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// we must check the length of `null_bit_buffer` first
         // because we use this buffer to calculate `null_count`
         // in `Self::new_unchecked`.
         </span><span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(null_bit_buffer) = null_bit_buffer.as_ref() {
             <span class="kw">let </span>needed_len = bit_util::ceil(len + offset, <span class="number">8</span>);
             <span class="kw">if </span>null_bit_buffer.len() &lt; needed_len {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"null_bit_buffer size too small. got {} needed {}"</span>,
                     null_bit_buffer.len(),
                     needed_len
                 )));
             }
         }
         <span class="comment">// Safety justification: `validate_full` is called below
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>new_self = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{
             <span class="self">Self</span>::new_unchecked(
                 data_type,
                 len,
                 <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
                 null_bit_buffer,
                 offset,
                 buffers,
                 child_data,
             )
         };

         <span class="comment">// As the data is not trusted, do a full validation of its contents
         // We don't need to validate children as we can assume that the
         // [`ArrayData`] in `child_data` have already been validated through
         // a call to `ArrayData::try_new` or created using unsafe
         </span>new_self.validate_data()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(new_self)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a builder to construct a [`ArrayData`] instance of the same [`DataType`]
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>builder(data_type: DataType) -&gt; ArrayDataBuilder {
         ArrayDataBuilder::new(data_type)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a reference to the [`DataType`] of this [`ArrayData`]
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>data_type(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType {
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the [`Buffer`] storing data for this [`ArrayData`]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>buffers(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[Buffer] {
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a slice of children [`ArrayData`]. This will be non
     /// empty for type such as lists and structs.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>child_data(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[ArrayData] {
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data[..]
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns whether the element at index `i` is null
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_null(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, i: usize) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls {
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v) =&gt; v.is_null(i),
             <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a reference to the null buffer of this [`ArrayData`] if any
     ///
     /// Note: [`ArrayData::offset`] does NOT apply to the returned [`NullBuffer`]
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>nulls(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>NullBuffer&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.nulls.as_ref()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns whether the element at index `i` is not null
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_valid(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, i: usize) -&gt; bool {
         !<span class="self">self</span>.is_null(i)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the length (i.e., number of elements) of this [`ArrayData`].
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>len(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="self">self</span>.len
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns whether this [`ArrayData`] is empty
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>is_empty(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="self">self</span>.len == <span class="number">0
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the offset of this [`ArrayData`]
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>offset(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="self">self</span>.offset
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the total number of nulls in this array
     </span><span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>null_count(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="self">self</span>.nulls
             .as_ref()
             .map(|x| x.null_count())
             .unwrap_or_default()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the total number of bytes of memory occupied by the
     /// buffers owned by this [`ArrayData`] and all of its
     /// children. (See also diagram on [`ArrayData`]).
     ///
     /// Note that this [`ArrayData`] may only refer to a subset of the
     /// data in the underlying [`Buffer`]s (due to `offset` and
     /// `length`), but the size returned includes the entire size of
     /// the buffers.
     ///
     /// If multiple [`ArrayData`]s refer to the same underlying
     /// [`Buffer`]s they will both report the same size.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>get_buffer_memory_size(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>size = <span class="number">0</span>;
         <span class="kw">for </span>buffer <span class="kw">in </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers {
             size += buffer.capacity();
         }
         <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(bitmap) = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls {
             size += bitmap.buffer().capacity()
         }
         <span class="kw">for </span>child <span class="kw">in </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data {
             size += child.get_buffer_memory_size();
         }
         size
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the total number of the bytes of memory occupied by
     /// the buffers by this slice of [`ArrayData`] (See also diagram on [`ArrayData`]).
     ///
     /// This is approximately the number of bytes if a new
     /// [`ArrayData`] was formed by creating new [`Buffer`]s with
     /// exactly the data needed.
     ///
     /// For example, a [`DataType::Int64`] with `100` elements,
     /// [`Self::get_slice_memory_size`] would return `100 * 8 = 800`. If
     /// the [`ArrayData`] was then [`Self::slice`]ed to refer to its
     /// first `20` elements, then [`Self::get_slice_memory_size`] on the
     /// sliced [`ArrayData`] would return `20 * 8 = 160`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>get_slice_memory_size(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;usize, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>result: usize = <span class="number">0</span>;
         <span class="kw">let </span>layout = layout(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type);

         <span class="kw">for </span>spec <span class="kw">in </span>layout.buffers.iter() {
             <span class="kw">match </span>spec {
                 BufferSpec::FixedWidth { byte_width, .. } =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>buffer_size = <span class="self">self</span>.len.checked_mul(<span class="kw-2">*</span>byte_width).ok_or_else(|| {
                         ArrowError::ComputeError(
                             <span class="string">"Integer overflow computing buffer size"</span>.to_string(),
                         )
                     })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                     result += buffer_size;
                 }
                 BufferSpec::VariableWidth =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>buffer_len: usize;
                     <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type {
                         DataType::Utf8 | DataType::Binary =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>offsets = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_offsets::&lt;i32&gt;()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                             buffer_len = (offsets[<span class="self">self</span>.len] - offsets[<span class="number">0</span>] ) <span class="kw">as </span>usize;
                         }
                         DataType::LargeUtf8 | DataType::LargeBinary =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>offsets = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_offsets::&lt;i64&gt;()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                             buffer_len = (offsets[<span class="self">self</span>.len] - offsets[<span class="number">0</span>]) <span class="kw">as </span>usize;
                         }
                         <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::NotYetImplemented(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"Invalid data type for VariableWidth buffer. Expected Utf8, LargeUtf8, Binary or LargeBinary. Got {}"</span>,
                             <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                             )))
                         }
                     };
                     result += buffer_len;
                 }
                 BufferSpec::BitMap =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>buffer_size = bit_util::ceil(<span class="self">self</span>.len, <span class="number">8</span>);
                     result += buffer_size;
                 }
                 BufferSpec::AlwaysNull =&gt; {
                     <span class="comment">// Nothing to do
                 </span>}
             }
         }

         <span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls().is_some() {
             result += bit_util::ceil(<span class="self">self</span>.len, <span class="number">8</span>);
         }

         <span class="kw">for </span>child <span class="kw">in </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data {
             result += child.get_slice_memory_size()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         }
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(result)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the total number of bytes of memory occupied
     /// physically by this [`ArrayData`] and all its [`Buffer`]s and
     /// children. (See also diagram on [`ArrayData`]).
     ///
     /// Equivalent to:
     ///  `size_of_val(self)` +
     ///  [`Self::get_buffer_memory_size`] +
     ///  `size_of_val(child)` for all children
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>get_array_memory_size(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>size = mem::size_of_val(<span class="self">self</span>);

         <span class="comment">// Calculate rest of the fields top down which contain actual data
         </span><span class="kw">for </span>buffer <span class="kw">in </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers {
             size += mem::size_of::&lt;Buffer&gt;();
             size += buffer.capacity();
         }
         <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(nulls) = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls {
             size += nulls.buffer().capacity();
         }
         <span class="kw">for </span>child <span class="kw">in </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data {
             size += child.get_array_memory_size();
         }

         size
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a zero-copy slice of itself. This creates a new
     /// [`ArrayData`] pointing at the same underlying [`Buffer`]s with a
     /// different offset and len
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// Panics if `offset + length &gt; self.len()`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>slice(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, offset: usize, length: usize) -&gt; ArrayData {
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>((offset + length) &lt;= <span class="self">self</span>.len());

         <span class="kw">if let </span>DataType::Struct(<span class="kw">_</span>) = <span class="self">self</span>.data_type() {
             <span class="comment">// Slice into children
             </span><span class="kw">let </span>new_offset = <span class="self">self</span>.offset + offset;
             <span class="kw">let </span>new_data = ArrayData {
                 data_type: <span class="self">self</span>.data_type().clone(),
                 len: length,
                 offset: new_offset,
                 buffers: <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.clone(),
                 <span class="comment">// Slice child data, to propagate offsets down to them
                 </span>child_data: <span class="self">self
                     </span>.child_data()
                     .iter()
                     .map(|data| data.slice(offset, length))
                     .collect(),
                 nulls: <span class="self">self</span>.nulls.as_ref().map(|x| x.slice(offset, length)),
             };

             new_data
         } <span class="kw">else </span>{
             <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>new_data = <span class="self">self</span>.clone();

             new_data.len = length;
             new_data.offset = offset + <span class="self">self</span>.offset;
             new_data.nulls = <span class="self">self</span>.nulls.as_ref().map(|x| x.slice(offset, length));

             new_data
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the `buffer` as a slice of type `T` starting at self.offset
     /// # Panics
     /// This function panics if:
     /// * the buffer is not byte-aligned with type T, or
     /// * the datatype is `Boolean` (it corresponds to a bit-packed buffer where the offset is not applicable)
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>buffer&lt;T: ArrowNativeType&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, buffer: usize) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T] {
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers()[buffer].typed_data()[<span class="self">self</span>.offset..]
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a new [`ArrayData`] valid for `data_type` containing `len` null values
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_null(data_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType, len: usize) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="kw">let </span>bit_len = bit_util::ceil(len, <span class="number">8</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>zeroed = |len: usize| Buffer::from(MutableBuffer::from_len_zeroed(len));

         <span class="kw">let </span>(buffers, child_data, has_nulls) = <span class="kw">match </span>data_type.primitive_width() {
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(width) =&gt; (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed(width * len)], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">true</span>),
             <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; <span class="kw">match </span>data_type {
                 DataType::Null =&gt; (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">false</span>),
                 DataType::Boolean =&gt; (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed(bit_len)], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">true</span>),
                 DataType::Binary | DataType::Utf8 =&gt; {
                     (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed((len + <span class="number">1</span>) * <span class="number">4</span>), zeroed(<span class="number">0</span>)], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">true</span>)
                 }
                 DataType::LargeBinary | DataType::LargeUtf8 =&gt; {
                     (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed((len + <span class="number">1</span>) * <span class="number">8</span>), zeroed(<span class="number">0</span>)], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">true</span>)
                 }
                 DataType::FixedSizeBinary(i) =&gt; (<span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed(<span class="kw-2">*</span>i <span class="kw">as </span>usize * len)], <span class="macro">vec!</span>[], <span class="bool-val">true</span>),
                 DataType::List(f) | DataType::Map(f, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; (
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed((len + <span class="number">1</span>) * <span class="number">4</span>)],
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ArrayData::new_empty(f.data_type())],
                     <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 ),
                 DataType::LargeList(f) =&gt; (
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed((len + <span class="number">1</span>) * <span class="number">8</span>)],
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ArrayData::new_empty(f.data_type())],
                     <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 ),
                 DataType::FixedSizeList(f, list_len) =&gt; (
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ArrayData::new_null(f.data_type(), <span class="kw-2">*</span>list_len <span class="kw">as </span>usize * len)],
                     <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 ),
                 DataType::Struct(fields) =&gt; (
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
                     fields
                         .iter()
                         .map(|f| <span class="self">Self</span>::new_null(f.data_type(), len))
                         .collect(),
                     <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 ),
                 DataType::Dictionary(k, v) =&gt; (
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[zeroed(k.primitive_width().unwrap() * len)],
                     <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ArrayData::new_empty(v.as_ref())],
                     <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 ),
                 DataType::Union(f, mode) =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>(id, <span class="kw">_</span>) = f.iter().next().unwrap();
                     <span class="kw">let </span>ids = Buffer::from_iter(std::iter::repeat(id).take(len));
                     <span class="kw">let </span>buffers = <span class="kw">match </span>mode {
                         UnionMode::Sparse =&gt; <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ids],
                         UnionMode::Dense =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>end_offset = i32::from_usize(len).unwrap();
                             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[ids, Buffer::from_iter(<span class="number">0_i32</span>..end_offset)]
                         }
                     };

                     <span class="kw">let </span>children = f
                         .iter()
                         .enumerate()
                         .map(|(idx, (<span class="kw">_</span>, f))| {
                             <span class="kw">if </span>idx == <span class="number">0 </span>|| <span class="kw-2">*</span>mode == UnionMode::Sparse {
                                 <span class="self">Self</span>::new_null(f.data_type(), len)
                             } <span class="kw">else </span>{
                                 <span class="self">Self</span>::new_empty(f.data_type())
                             }
                         })
                         .collect();

                     (buffers, children, <span class="bool-val">false</span>)
                 }
                 DataType::RunEndEncoded(r, v) =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>runs = <span class="kw">match </span>r.data_type() {
                         DataType::Int16 =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>i = i16::from_usize(len).expect(<span class="string">"run overflow"</span>);
                             Buffer::from_slice_ref([i])
                         }
                         DataType::Int32 =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>i = i32::from_usize(len).expect(<span class="string">"run overflow"</span>);
                             Buffer::from_slice_ref([i])
                         }
                         DataType::Int64 =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>i = i64::from_usize(len).expect(<span class="string">"run overflow"</span>);
                             Buffer::from_slice_ref([i])
                         }
                         dt =&gt; <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(<span class="string">"Invalid run ends data type {dt}"</span>),
                     };

                     <span class="kw">let </span>builder = ArrayData::builder(r.data_type().clone())
                         .len(<span class="number">1</span>)
                         .buffers(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[runs]);

                     <span class="comment">// SAFETY:
                     // Valid by construction
                     </span><span class="kw">let </span>runs = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ builder.build_unchecked() };
                     (
                         <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
                         <span class="macro">vec!</span>[runs, ArrayData::new_null(v.data_type(), <span class="number">1</span>)],
                         <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
                     )
                 }
                 d =&gt; <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(<span class="string">"{d}"</span>),
             },
         };

         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>builder = ArrayDataBuilder::new(data_type.clone())
             .len(len)
             .buffers(buffers)
             .child_data(child_data);

         <span class="kw">if </span>has_nulls {
             builder = builder.nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(NullBuffer::new_null(len)))
         }

         <span class="comment">// SAFETY:
         // Data valid by construction
         </span><span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ builder.build_unchecked() }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a new empty [ArrayData] valid for `data_type`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_empty(data_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self</span>::new_null(data_type, <span class="number">0</span>)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Verifies that the buffers meet the minimum alignment requirements for the data type
     ///
     /// Buffers that are not adequately aligned will be copied to a new aligned allocation
     ///
     /// This can be useful for when interacting with data sent over IPC or FFI, that may
     /// not meet the minimum alignment requirements
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>align_buffers(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
         <span class="kw">let </span>layout = layout(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type);
         <span class="kw">for </span>(buffer, spec) <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers.iter_mut().zip(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>layout.buffers) {
             <span class="kw">if let </span>BufferSpec::FixedWidth { alignment, .. } = spec {
                 <span class="kw">if </span>buffer.as_ptr().align_offset(<span class="kw-2">*</span>alignment) != <span class="number">0 </span>{
                     <span class="kw-2">*</span>buffer = Buffer::from_slice_ref(buffer.as_ref())
                 }
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// "cheap" validation of an `ArrayData`. Ensures buffers are
     /// sufficiently sized to store `len` + `offset` total elements of
     /// `data_type` and performs other inexpensive consistency checks.
     ///
     /// This check is "cheap" in the sense that it does not validate the
     /// contents of the buffers (e.g. that all offsets for UTF8 arrays
     /// are within the bounds of the values buffer).
     ///
     /// See [ArrayData::validate_data] to validate fully the offset content
     /// and the validity of utf8 data
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>validate(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// Need at least this mich space in each buffer
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>len_plus_offset = <span class="self">self</span>.len + <span class="self">self</span>.offset;

         <span class="comment">// Check that the data layout conforms to the spec
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>layout = layout(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type);

         <span class="kw">if </span>!layout.can_contain_null_mask &amp;&amp; <span class="self">self</span>.nulls.is_some() {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Arrays of type {:?} cannot contain a null bitmask"</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
             )));
         }

         <span class="comment">// Check data buffers length for view types and other types
         </span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers.len() &lt; layout.buffers.len()
             || (!layout.variadic &amp;&amp; <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.len() != layout.buffers.len())
         {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Expected {} buffers in array of type {:?}, got {}"</span>,
                 layout.buffers.len(),
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.len(),
             )));
         }

         <span class="kw">for </span>(i, (buffer, spec)) <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers.iter().zip(layout.buffers.iter()).enumerate() {
             <span class="kw">match </span>spec {
                 BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                     byte_width,
                     alignment,
                 } =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>min_buffer_size = len_plus_offset.saturating_mul(<span class="kw-2">*</span>byte_width);

                     <span class="kw">if </span>buffer.len() &lt; min_buffer_size {
                         <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"Need at least {} bytes in buffers[{}] in array of type {:?}, but got {}"</span>,
                             min_buffer_size, i, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, buffer.len()
                         )));
                     }

                     <span class="kw">let </span>align_offset = buffer.as_ptr().align_offset(<span class="kw-2">*</span>alignment);
                     <span class="kw">if </span>align_offset != <span class="number">0 </span>{
                         <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"Misaligned buffers[{i}] in array of type {:?}, offset from expected alignment of {alignment} by {}"</span>,
                             <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, align_offset.min(alignment - align_offset)
                         )));
                     }
                 }
                 BufferSpec::VariableWidth =&gt; {
                     <span class="comment">// not cheap to validate (need to look at the
                     // data). Partially checked in validate_offsets
                     // called below. Can check with `validate_full`
                 </span>}
                 BufferSpec::BitMap =&gt; {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>min_buffer_size = bit_util::ceil(len_plus_offset, <span class="number">8</span>);
                     <span class="kw">if </span>buffer.len() &lt; min_buffer_size {
                         <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"Need at least {} bytes for bitmap in buffers[{}] in array of type {:?}, but got {}"</span>,
                             min_buffer_size, i, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, buffer.len()
                         )));
                     }
                 }
                 BufferSpec::AlwaysNull =&gt; {
                     <span class="comment">// Nothing to validate
                 </span>}
             }
         }

         <span class="comment">// check null bit buffer size
         </span><span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(nulls) = <span class="self">self</span>.nulls() {
             <span class="kw">if </span>nulls.null_count() &gt; <span class="self">self</span>.len {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"null_count {} for an array exceeds length of {} elements"</span>,
                     nulls.null_count(),
                     <span class="self">self</span>.len
                 )));
             }

             <span class="kw">let </span>actual_len = nulls.validity().len();
             <span class="kw">let </span>needed_len = bit_util::ceil(len_plus_offset, <span class="number">8</span>);
             <span class="kw">if </span>actual_len &lt; needed_len {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"null_bit_buffer size too small. got {actual_len} needed {needed_len}"</span>,
                 )));
             }

             <span class="kw">if </span>nulls.len() != <span class="self">self</span>.len {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"null buffer incorrect size. got {} expected {}"</span>,
                     nulls.len(),
                     <span class="self">self</span>.len
                 )));
             }
         }

         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_child_data()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="comment">// Additional Type specific checks
         </span><span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type {
             DataType::Utf8 | DataType::Binary =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets::&lt;i32&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>].len())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             }
             DataType::LargeUtf8 | DataType::LargeBinary =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets::&lt;i64&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>].len())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             }
             DataType::Dictionary(key_type, _value_type) =&gt; {
                 <span class="comment">// At the moment, constructing a DictionaryArray will also check this
                 </span><span class="kw">if </span>!DataType::is_dictionary_key_type(key_type) {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Dictionary key type must be integer, but was {key_type}"
                     </span>)));
                 }
             }
             DataType::RunEndEncoded(run_ends_type, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">if </span>run_ends_type.is_nullable() {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(
                         <span class="string">"The nullable should be set to false for the field defining run_ends array."</span>.to_string()
                     ));
                 }
                 <span class="kw">if </span>!DataType::is_run_ends_type(run_ends_type.data_type()) {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"RunArray run_ends types must be Int16, Int32 or Int64, but was {}"</span>,
                         run_ends_type.data_type()
                     )));
                 }
             }
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {}
         };

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a reference to the data in `buffer` as a typed slice
     /// (typically `&amp;[i32]` or `&amp;[i64]`) after validating. The
     /// returned slice is guaranteed to have at least `self.len + 1`
     /// entries.
     ///
     /// For an empty array, the `buffer` can also be empty.
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>typed_offsets&lt;T: ArrowNativeType + num::Num&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T], ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// An empty list-like array can have 0 offsets
         </span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.len == <span class="number">0 </span>&amp;&amp; <span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">0</span>].is_empty() {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[]);
         }

         <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len + <span class="number">1</span>)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns a reference to the data in `buffers[idx]` as a typed slice after validating
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>typed_buffer&lt;T: ArrowNativeType + num::Num&gt;(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         idx: usize,
         len: usize,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T], ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers[idx];

         <span class="kw">let </span>required_len = (len + <span class="self">self</span>.offset) * mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;();

         <span class="kw">if </span>buffer.len() &lt; required_len {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Buffer {} of {} isn't large enough. Expected {} bytes got {}"</span>,
                 idx,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
                 required_len,
                 buffer.len()
             )));
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer.typed_data::&lt;T&gt;()[<span class="self">self</span>.offset..<span class="self">self</span>.offset + len])
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Does a cheap sanity check that the `self.len` values in `buffer` are valid
     /// offsets (of type T) into some other buffer of `values_length` bytes long
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_offsets&lt;T: ArrowNativeType + num::Num + std::fmt::Display&gt;(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         values_length: usize,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// Justification: buffer size was validated above
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>offsets = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_offsets::&lt;T&gt;()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">if </span>offsets.is_empty() {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(());
         }

         <span class="kw">let </span>first_offset = offsets[<span class="number">0</span>].to_usize().ok_or_else(|| {
             ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Error converting offset[0] ({}) to usize for {}"</span>,
                 offsets[<span class="number">0</span>], <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
             ))
         })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="kw">let </span>last_offset = offsets[<span class="self">self</span>.len].to_usize().ok_or_else(|| {
             ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Error converting offset[{}] ({}) to usize for {}"</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.len, offsets[<span class="self">self</span>.len], <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
             ))
         })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="kw">if </span>first_offset &gt; values_length {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"First offset {} of {} is larger than values length {}"</span>,
                 first_offset, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, values_length,
             )));
         }

         <span class="kw">if </span>last_offset &gt; values_length {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Last offset {} of {} is larger than values length {}"</span>,
                 last_offset, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, values_length,
             )));
         }

         <span class="kw">if </span>first_offset &gt; last_offset {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"First offset {} in {} is smaller than last offset {}"</span>,
                 first_offset, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, last_offset,
             )));
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Does a cheap sanity check that the `self.len` values in `buffer` are valid
     /// offsets and sizes (of type T) into some other buffer of `values_length` bytes long
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_offsets_and_sizes&lt;T: ArrowNativeType + num::Num + std::fmt::Display&gt;(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         values_length: usize,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>offsets: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T] = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">let </span>sizes: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T] = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">for </span>i <span class="kw">in </span><span class="number">0</span>..values_length {
             <span class="kw">let </span>size = sizes[i].to_usize().ok_or_else(|| {
                 ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Error converting size[{}] ({}) to usize for {}"</span>,
                     i, sizes[i], <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                 ))
             })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             <span class="kw">let </span>offset = offsets[i].to_usize().ok_or_else(|| {
                 ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Error converting offset[{}] ({}) to usize for {}"</span>,
                     i, offsets[i], <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                 ))
             })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             <span class="kw">if </span>size
                 .checked_add(offset)
                 .expect(<span class="string">"Offset and size have exceeded the usize boundary"</span>)
                 &gt; values_length
             {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Size {} at index {} is larger than the remaining values for {}"</span>,
                     size, i, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                 )));
             }
         }
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validates the layout of `child_data` ArrayData structures
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_child_data(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type {
             DataType::List(field) | DataType::Map(field, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets::&lt;i32&gt;(values_data.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::LargeList(field) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets::&lt;i64&gt;(values_data.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::ListView(field) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_and_sizes::&lt;i32&gt;(values_data.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::LargeListView(field) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_and_sizes::&lt;i64&gt;(values_data.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::FixedSizeList(field, list_size) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                 <span class="kw">let </span>list_size: usize = (<span class="kw-2">*</span>list_size).try_into().map_err(|<span class="kw">_</span>| {
                     ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"{} has a negative list_size {}"</span>,
                         <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, list_size
                     ))
                 })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                 <span class="kw">let </span>expected_values_len = <span class="self">self</span>.len
                     .checked_mul(list_size)
                     .expect(<span class="string">"integer overflow computing expected number of expected values in FixedListSize"</span>);

                 <span class="kw">if </span>values_data.len &lt; expected_values_len {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Values length {} is less than the length ({}) multiplied by the value size ({}) for {}"</span>,
                         values_data.len, list_size, list_size, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                     )));
                 }

                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::Struct(fields) =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_num_child_data(fields.len())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="kw">for </span>(i, field) <span class="kw">in </span>fields.iter().enumerate() {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>field_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_valid_child_data(i, field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                     <span class="comment">// Ensure child field has sufficient size
                     </span><span class="kw">if </span>field_data.len &lt; <span class="self">self</span>.len {
                         <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"{} child array #{} for field {} has length smaller than expected for struct array ({} &lt; {})"</span>,
                             <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, i, field.name(), field_data.len, <span class="self">self</span>.len
                         )));
                     }
                 }
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::RunEndEncoded(run_ends_field, values_field) =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_num_child_data(<span class="number">2</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="kw">let </span>run_ends_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_valid_child_data(<span class="number">0</span>, run_ends_field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_valid_child_data(<span class="number">1</span>, values_field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="kw">if </span>run_ends_data.len != values_data.len {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"The run_ends array length should be the same as values array length. Run_ends array length is {}, values array length is {}"</span>,
                         run_ends_data.len, values_data.len
                     )));
                 }
                 <span class="kw">if </span>run_ends_data.nulls.is_some() {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(
                         <span class="string">"Found null values in run_ends array. The run_ends array should not have null values."</span>.to_string(),
                     ));
                 }
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::Union(fields, mode) =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_num_child_data(fields.len())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                 <span class="kw">for </span>(i, (<span class="kw">_</span>, field)) <span class="kw">in </span>fields.iter().enumerate() {
                     <span class="kw">let </span>field_data = <span class="self">self</span>.get_valid_child_data(i, field.data_type())<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                     <span class="kw">if </span>mode == <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>UnionMode::Sparse &amp;&amp; field_data.len &lt; (<span class="self">self</span>.len + <span class="self">self</span>.offset) {
                         <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                             <span class="string">"Sparse union child array #{} has length smaller than expected for union array ({} &lt; {})"</span>,
                             i, field_data.len, <span class="self">self</span>.len + <span class="self">self</span>.offset
                         )));
                     }
                 }
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::Dictionary(_key_type, value_type) =&gt; {
                 <span class="self">self</span>.get_single_valid_child_data(value_type)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {
                 <span class="comment">// other types do not have child data
                 </span><span class="kw">if </span>!<span class="self">self</span>.child_data.is_empty() {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Expected no child arrays for type {} but got {}"</span>,
                         <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
                         <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.len()
                     )));
                 }
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Ensures that this array data has a single child_data with the
     /// expected type, and calls `validate()` on it. Returns a
     /// reference to that child_data
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>get_single_valid_child_data(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         expected_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>ArrayData, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_num_child_data(<span class="number">1</span>)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="self">self</span>.get_valid_child_data(<span class="number">0</span>, expected_type)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns `Err` if self.child_data does not have exactly `expected_len` elements
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_num_child_data(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, expected_len: usize) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data.len() != expected_len {
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Value data for {} should contain {} child data array(s), had {}"</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
                 expected_len,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.len()
             )))
         } <span class="kw">else </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Ensures that `child_data[i]` has the expected type, calls
     /// `validate()` on it, and returns a reference to that child_data
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>get_valid_child_data(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         i: usize,
         expected_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>ArrayData, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>values_data = <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.get(i).ok_or_else(|| {
             ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"{} did not have enough child arrays. Expected at least {} but had only {}"</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
                 i + <span class="number">1</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.len()
             ))
         })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="kw">if </span>expected_type != <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>values_data.data_type {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"Child type mismatch for {}. Expected {} but child data had {}"</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, expected_type, values_data.data_type
             )));
         }

         values_data.validate()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(values_data)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validate that the data contained within this [`ArrayData`] is valid
     ///
     /// 1. Null count is correct
     /// 2. All offsets are valid
     /// 3. All String data is valid UTF-8
     /// 4. All dictionary offsets are valid
     ///
     /// Internally this calls:
     ///
     /// * [`Self::validate`]
     /// * [`Self::validate_nulls`]
     /// * [`Self::validate_values`]
     ///
     /// Note: this does not recurse into children, for a recursive variant
     /// see [`Self::validate_full`]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>validate_data(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.validate()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_nulls()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_values()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Performs a full recursive validation of this [`ArrayData`] and all its children
     ///
     /// This is equivalent to calling [`Self::validate_data`] on this [`ArrayData`]
     /// and all its children recursively
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>validate_full(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_data()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="comment">// validate all children recursively
         </span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data
             .iter()
             .enumerate()
             .try_for_each(|(i, child_data)| {
                 child_data.validate_full().map_err(|e| {
                     ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"{} child #{} invalid: {}"</span>,
                         <span class="self">self</span>.data_type, i, e
                     ))
                 })
             })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validates the values stored within this [`ArrayData`] are valid
     /// without recursing into child [`ArrayData`]
     ///
     /// Does not (yet) check
     /// 1. Union type_ids are valid see [#85](https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/issues/85)
     /// Validates the the null count is correct and that any
     /// nullability requirements of its children are correct
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>validate_nulls(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(nulls) = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls {
             <span class="kw">let </span>actual = nulls.len() - nulls.inner().count_set_bits();
             <span class="kw">if </span>actual != nulls.null_count() {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"null_count value ({}) doesn't match actual number of nulls in array ({})"</span>,
                     nulls.null_count(),
                     actual
                 )));
             }
         }

         <span class="comment">// In general non-nullable children should not contain nulls, however, for certain
         // types, such as StructArray and FixedSizeList, nulls in the parent take up
         // space in the child. As such we permit nulls in the children in the corresponding
         // positions for such types
         </span><span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type {
             DataType::List(f) | DataType::LargeList(f) | DataType::Map(f, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">if </span>!f.is_nullable() {
                     <span class="self">self</span>.validate_non_nullable(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data[<span class="number">0</span>])<span class="question-mark">?
                 </span>}
             }
             DataType::FixedSizeList(field, len) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>child = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data[<span class="number">0</span>];
                 <span class="kw">if </span>!field.is_nullable() {
                     <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls {
                         <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(nulls) =&gt; {
                             <span class="kw">let </span>element_len = <span class="kw-2">*</span>len <span class="kw">as </span>usize;
                             <span class="kw">let </span>expanded = nulls.expand(element_len);
                             <span class="self">self</span>.validate_non_nullable(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>expanded), child)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                         }
                         <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.validate_non_nullable(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, child)<span class="question-mark">?</span>,
                     }
                 }
             }
             DataType::Struct(fields) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">for </span>(field, child) <span class="kw">in </span>fields.iter().zip(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data) {
                     <span class="kw">if </span>!field.is_nullable() {
                         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_non_nullable(<span class="self">self</span>.nulls(), child)<span class="question-mark">?
                     </span>}
                 }
             }
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {}
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Verifies that `child` contains no nulls not present in `mask`
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_non_nullable(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         mask: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>NullBuffer&gt;,
         child: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>ArrayData,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>mask = <span class="kw">match </span>mask {
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(mask) =&gt; mask,
             <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">return match </span>child.null_count() {
                     <span class="number">0 </span>=&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(()),
                     <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"non-nullable child of type {} contains nulls not present in parent {}"</span>,
                         child.data_type, <span class="self">self</span>.data_type
                     ))),
                 }
             }
         };

         <span class="kw">match </span>child.nulls() {
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(nulls) <span class="kw">if </span>!mask.contains(nulls) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"non-nullable child of type {} contains nulls not present in parent"</span>,
                 child.data_type
             ))),
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(()),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validates the values stored within this [`ArrayData`] are valid
     /// without recursing into child [`ArrayData`]
     ///
     /// Does not (yet) check
     /// 1. Union type_ids are valid see [#85](https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/issues/85)
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>validate_values(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.data_type {
             DataType::Utf8 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.validate_utf8::&lt;i32&gt;(),
             DataType::LargeUtf8 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.validate_utf8::&lt;i64&gt;(),
             DataType::Binary =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_full::&lt;i32&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>].len()),
             DataType::LargeBinary =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_full::&lt;i64&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>].len()),
             DataType::BinaryView =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>views = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer::&lt;u128&gt;(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 validate_binary_view(views, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>..])
             }
             DataType::Utf8View =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>views = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer::&lt;u128&gt;(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 validate_string_view(views, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>..])
             }
             DataType::List(<span class="kw">_</span>) | DataType::Map(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>child = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data[<span class="number">0</span>];
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_full::&lt;i32&gt;(child.len)
             }
             DataType::LargeList(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>child = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.child_data[<span class="number">0</span>];
                 <span class="self">self</span>.validate_offsets_full::&lt;i64&gt;(child.len)
             }
             DataType::Union(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="comment">// Validate Union Array as part of implementing new Union semantics
                 // See comments in `ArrayData::validate()`
                 // https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/issues/85
                 //
                 // TODO file follow on ticket for full union validation
                 </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             DataType::Dictionary(key_type, _value_type) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>dictionary_length: i64 = <span class="self">self</span>.child_data[<span class="number">0</span>].len.try_into().unwrap();
                 <span class="kw">let </span>max_value = dictionary_length - <span class="number">1</span>;
                 <span class="kw">match </span>key_type.as_ref() {
                     DataType::UInt8 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;u8&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::UInt16 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;u16&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::UInt32 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;u32&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::UInt64 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;u64&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::Int8 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;i8&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::Int16 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;i16&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::Int32 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;i32&gt;(max_value),
                     DataType::Int64 =&gt; <span class="self">self</span>.check_bounds::&lt;i64&gt;(max_value),
                     <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(),
                 }
             }
             DataType::RunEndEncoded(run_ends, _values) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>run_ends_data = <span class="self">self</span>.child_data()[<span class="number">0</span>].clone();
                 <span class="kw">match </span>run_ends.data_type() {
                     DataType::Int16 =&gt; run_ends_data.check_run_ends::&lt;i16&gt;(),
                     DataType::Int32 =&gt; run_ends_data.check_run_ends::&lt;i32&gt;(),
                     DataType::Int64 =&gt; run_ends_data.check_run_ends::&lt;i64&gt;(),
                     <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(),
                 }
             }
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {
                 <span class="comment">// No extra validation check required for other types
                 </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Calls the `validate(item_index, range)` function for each of
     /// the ranges specified in the arrow offsets buffer of type
     /// `T`. Also validates that each offset is smaller than
     /// `offset_limit`
     ///
     /// For an empty array, the offsets buffer can either be empty
     /// or contain a single `0`.
     ///
     /// For example, the offsets buffer contained `[1, 2, 4]`, this
     /// function would call `validate([1,2])`, and `validate([2,4])`
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_each_offset&lt;T, V&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, offset_limit: usize, validate: V) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: ArrowNativeType + TryInto&lt;usize&gt; + num::Num + std::fmt::Display,
         V: Fn(usize, Range&lt;usize&gt;) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;,
     {
         <span class="self">self</span>.typed_offsets::&lt;T&gt;()<span class="question-mark">?
             </span>.iter()
             .enumerate()
             .map(|(i, x)| {
                 <span class="comment">// check if the offset can be converted to usize
                 </span><span class="kw">let </span>r = x.to_usize().ok_or_else(|| {
                     ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Offset invariant failure: Could not convert offset {x} to usize at position {i}"</span>))}
                     );
                 <span class="comment">// check if the offset exceeds the limit
                 </span><span class="kw">match </span>r {
                     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(n) <span class="kw">if </span>n &lt;= offset_limit =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>((i, n)),
                     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Offset invariant failure: offset at position {i} out of bounds: {x} &gt; {offset_limit}"</span>))
                     ),
                     <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(e) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(e),
                 }
             })
             .scan(<span class="number">0_usize</span>, |start, end| {
                 <span class="comment">// check offsets are monotonically increasing
                 </span><span class="kw">match </span>end {
                     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>((i, end)) <span class="kw">if </span><span class="kw-2">*</span>start &lt;= end =&gt; {
                         <span class="kw">let </span>range = <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>((i, <span class="kw-2">*</span>start..end)));
                         <span class="kw-2">*</span>start = end;
                         range
                     }
                     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>((i, end)) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Offset invariant failure: non-monotonic offset at slot {}: {} &gt; {}"</span>,
                         i - <span class="number">1</span>, start, end))
                     )),
                     <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(err) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(err)),
                 }
             })
             .skip(<span class="number">1</span>) <span class="comment">// the first element is meaningless
             </span>.try_for_each(|res: <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(usize, Range&lt;usize&gt;), ArrowError&gt;| {
                 <span class="kw">let </span>(item_index, range) = res<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 validate(item_index-<span class="number">1</span>, range)
             })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Ensures that all strings formed by the offsets in `buffers[0]`
     /// into `buffers[1]` are valid utf8 sequences
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_utf8&lt;T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: ArrowNativeType + TryInto&lt;usize&gt; + num::Num + std::fmt::Display,
     {
         <span class="kw">let </span>values_buffer = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">1</span>].as_slice();
         <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(values_str) = std::str::from_utf8(values_buffer) {
             <span class="comment">// Validate Offsets are correct
             </span><span class="self">self</span>.validate_each_offset::&lt;T, <span class="kw">_</span>&gt;(values_buffer.len(), |string_index, range| {
                 <span class="kw">if </span>!values_str.is_char_boundary(range.start)
                     || !values_str.is_char_boundary(range.end)
                 {
                     <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"incomplete utf-8 byte sequence from index {string_index}"
                     </span>)));
                 }
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             })
         } <span class="kw">else </span>{
             <span class="comment">// find specific offset that failed utf8 validation
             </span><span class="self">self</span>.validate_each_offset::&lt;T, <span class="kw">_</span>&gt;(values_buffer.len(), |string_index, range| {
                 std::str::from_utf8(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>values_buffer[range.clone()]).map_err(|e| {
                     ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                         <span class="string">"Invalid UTF8 sequence at string index {string_index} ({range:?}): {e}"
                     </span>))
                 })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             })
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Ensures that all offsets in `buffers[0]` into `buffers[1]` are
     /// between `0` and `offset_limit`
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>validate_offsets_full&lt;T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, offset_limit: usize) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: ArrowNativeType + TryInto&lt;usize&gt; + num::Num + std::fmt::Display,
     {
         <span class="self">self</span>.validate_each_offset::&lt;T, <span class="kw">_</span>&gt;(offset_limit, |_string_index, _range| {
             <span class="comment">// No validation applied to each value, but the iteration
             // itself applies bounds checking to each range
             </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
         })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validates that each value in self.buffers (typed as T)
     /// is within the range [0, max_value], inclusive
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>check_bounds&lt;T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, max_value: i64) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: ArrowNativeType + TryInto&lt;i64&gt; + num::Num + std::fmt::Display,
     {
         <span class="kw">let </span>required_len = <span class="self">self</span>.len + <span class="self">self</span>.offset;
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.buffers[<span class="number">0</span>];

         <span class="comment">// This should have been checked as part of `validate()` prior
         // to calling `validate_full()` but double check to be sure
         </span><span class="macro">assert!</span>(buffer.len() / mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;() &gt;= required_len);

         <span class="comment">// Justification: buffer size was validated above
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>indexes: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[T] = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer.typed_data::&lt;T&gt;()[<span class="self">self</span>.offset..<span class="self">self</span>.offset + <span class="self">self</span>.len];

         indexes.iter().enumerate().try_for_each(|(i, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>dict_index)| {
             <span class="comment">// Do not check the value is null (value can be arbitrary)
             </span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.is_null(i) {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(());
             }
             <span class="kw">let </span>dict_index: i64 = dict_index.try_into().map_err(|<span class="kw">_</span>| {
                 ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Value at position {i} out of bounds: {dict_index} (can not convert to i64)"
                 </span>))
             })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

             <span class="kw">if </span>dict_index &lt; <span class="number">0 </span>|| dict_index &gt; max_value {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Value at position {i} out of bounds: {dict_index} (should be in [0, {max_value}])"
                 </span>)));
             }
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
         })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Validates that each value in run_ends array is positive and strictly increasing.
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>check_run_ends&lt;T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), ArrowError&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: ArrowNativeType + TryInto&lt;i64&gt; + num::Num + std::fmt::Display,
     {
         <span class="kw">let </span>values = <span class="self">self</span>.typed_buffer::&lt;T&gt;(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="self">self</span>.len)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>prev_value: i64 = <span class="number">0_i64</span>;
         values.iter().enumerate().try_for_each(|(ix, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>inp_value)| {
             <span class="kw">let </span>value: i64 = inp_value.try_into().map_err(|<span class="kw">_</span>| {
                 ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"Value at position {ix} out of bounds: {inp_value} (can not convert to i64)"
                 </span>))
             })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             <span class="kw">if </span>value &lt;= <span class="number">0_i64 </span>{
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"The values in run_ends array should be strictly positive. Found value {value} at index {ix} that does not match the criteria."
                 </span>)));
             }
             <span class="kw">if </span>ix &gt; <span class="number">0 </span>&amp;&amp; value &lt;= prev_value {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                     <span class="string">"The values in run_ends array should be strictly increasing. Found value {value} at index {ix} with previous value {prev_value} that does not match the criteria."
                 </span>)));
             }

             prev_value = value;
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
         })<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="kw">if </span>prev_value.as_usize() &lt; (<span class="self">self</span>.offset + <span class="self">self</span>.len) {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ArrowError::InvalidArgumentError(<span class="macro">format!</span>(
                 <span class="string">"The offset + length of array should be less or equal to last value in the run_ends array. The last value of run_ends array is {prev_value} and offset + length of array is {}."</span>,
                 <span class="self">self</span>.offset + <span class="self">self</span>.len
             )));
         }
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns true if this `ArrayData` is equal to `other`, using pointer comparisons
     /// to determine buffer equality. This is cheaper than `PartialEq::eq` but may
     /// return false when the arrays are logically equal
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, other: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.offset != other.offset
             || <span class="self">self</span>.len != other.len
             || <span class="self">self</span>.data_type != other.data_type
             || <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.len() != other.buffers.len()
             || <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.len() != other.child_data.len()
         {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>;
         }

         <span class="kw">match </span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.nulls, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>other.nulls) {
             (<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(a), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(b)) <span class="kw">if </span>!a.inner().ptr_eq(b.inner()) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             (<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>), <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) | (<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>)) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; {}
         };

         <span class="kw">if </span>!<span class="self">self
             </span>.buffers
             .iter()
             .zip(other.buffers.iter())
             .all(|(a, b)| a.as_ptr() == b.as_ptr())
         {
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>;
         }

         <span class="self">self</span>.child_data
             .iter()
             .zip(other.child_data.iter())
             .all(|(a, b)| a.ptr_eq(b))
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Converts this [`ArrayData`] into an [`ArrayDataBuilder`]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>into_builder(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; ArrayDataBuilder {
         <span class="self">self</span>.into()
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Return the expected [`DataTypeLayout`] Arrays of this data
 /// type are expected to have
 </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>layout(data_type: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>DataType) -&gt; DataTypeLayout {
     <span class="comment">// based on C/C++ implementation in
     // https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/661c7d749150905a63dd3b52e0a04dac39030d95/cpp/src/arrow/type.h (and .cc)
     </span><span class="kw">use </span>arrow_schema::IntervalUnit::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;

     <span class="kw">match </span>data_type {
         DataType::Null =&gt; DataTypeLayout {
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         },
         DataType::Boolean =&gt; DataTypeLayout {
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[BufferSpec::BitMap],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         },
         DataType::Int8 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i8&gt;(),
         DataType::Int16 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i16&gt;(),
         DataType::Int32 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::Int64 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::UInt8 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;u8&gt;(),
         DataType::UInt16 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;u16&gt;(),
         DataType::UInt32 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;u32&gt;(),
         DataType::UInt64 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;u64&gt;(),
         DataType::Float16 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;half::f16&gt;(),
         DataType::Float32 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;f32&gt;(),
         DataType::Float64 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;f64&gt;(),
         DataType::Timestamp(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Date32 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::Date64 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Time32(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::Time64(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Interval(YearMonth) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::Interval(DayTime) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Interval(MonthDayNano) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i128&gt;(),
         DataType::Duration(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Decimal128(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i128&gt;(),
         DataType::Decimal256(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i256&gt;(),
         DataType::FixedSizeBinary(size) =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span>spec = BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                 byte_width: (<span class="kw-2">*</span>size).try_into().unwrap(),
                 alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;u8&gt;(),
             };
             DataTypeLayout {
                 buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[spec],
                 can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
                 variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             }
         }
         DataType::Binary =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_binary::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::LargeBinary =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_binary::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Utf8 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_binary::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::LargeUtf8 =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_binary::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::BinaryView | DataType::Utf8View =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_view(),
         DataType::FixedSizeList(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_nullable_empty(), <span class="comment">// all in child data
         </span>DataType::List(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::ListView(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_list_view::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::LargeListView(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_list_view::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::LargeList(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i64&gt;(),
         DataType::Map(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_fixed_width::&lt;i32&gt;(),
         DataType::Struct(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_nullable_empty(), <span class="comment">// all in child data,
         </span>DataType::RunEndEncoded(<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; DataTypeLayout::new_empty(), <span class="comment">// all in child data,
         </span>DataType::Union(<span class="kw">_</span>, mode) =&gt; {
             <span class="kw">let </span>type_ids = BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                 byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;i8&gt;(),
                 alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;i8&gt;(),
             };

             DataTypeLayout {
                 buffers: <span class="kw">match </span>mode {
                     UnionMode::Sparse =&gt; {
                         <span class="macro">vec!</span>[type_ids]
                     }
                     UnionMode::Dense =&gt; {
                         <span class="macro">vec!</span>[
                             type_ids,
                             BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                                 byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;i32&gt;(),
                                 alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;i32&gt;(),
                             },
                         ]
                     }
                 },
                 can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
                 variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             }
         }
         DataType::Dictionary(key_type, _value_type) =&gt; layout(key_type),
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Layout specification for a data type
 </span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 </span><span class="comment">// Note: Follows structure from C++: https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/master/cpp/src/arrow/type.h#L91
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>DataTypeLayout {
     <span class="doccomment">/// A vector of buffer layout specifications, one for each expected buffer
     </span><span class="kw">pub </span>buffers: Vec&lt;BufferSpec&gt;,

     <span class="doccomment">/// Can contain a null bitmask
     </span><span class="kw">pub </span>can_contain_null_mask: bool,

     <span class="doccomment">/// This field only applies to the view type [`DataType::BinaryView`] and [`DataType::Utf8View`]
     /// If `variadic` is true, the number of buffers expected is only lower-bounded by
     /// buffers.len(). Buffers that exceed the lower bound are legal.
     </span><span class="kw">pub </span>variadic: bool,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>DataTypeLayout {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes a basic numeric array where each element has type `T`
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_fixed_width&lt;T&gt;() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                 byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                 alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
             }],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes arrays which have no data of their own
     /// but may still have a Null Bitmap (e.g. FixedSizeList)
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_nullable_empty() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes arrays which have no data of their own
     /// (e.g. RunEndEncoded).
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_empty() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes a basic numeric array where each element has a fixed
     /// with offset buffer of type `T`, followed by a
     /// variable width data buffer
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_binary&lt;T&gt;() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[
                 <span class="comment">// offsets
                 </span>BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                     byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                     alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                 },
                 <span class="comment">// values
                 </span>BufferSpec::VariableWidth,
             ],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes a view type
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_view() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                 byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;u128&gt;(),
                 alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;u128&gt;(),
             }],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Describes a list view type
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new_list_view&lt;T&gt;() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[
                 BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                     byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                     alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                 },
                 BufferSpec::FixedWidth {
                     byte_width: mem::size_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                     alignment: mem::align_of::&lt;T&gt;(),
                 },
             ],
             can_contain_null_mask: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             variadic: <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Layout specification for a single data type buffer
 </span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub enum </span>BufferSpec {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Each element is a fixed width primitive, with the given `byte_width` and `alignment`
     ///
     /// `alignment` is the alignment required by Rust for an array of the corresponding primitive,
     /// see [`Layout::array`](std::alloc::Layout::array) and [`std::mem::align_of`].
     ///
     /// Arrow-rs requires that all buffers have at least this alignment, to allow for
     /// [slice](std::slice) based APIs. Alignment in excess of this is not required to allow
     /// for array slicing and interoperability with `Vec`, which cannot be over-aligned.
     ///
     /// Note that these alignment requirements will vary between architectures
     </span>FixedWidth { byte_width: usize, alignment: usize },
     <span class="doccomment">/// Variable width, such as string data for utf8 data
     </span>VariableWidth,
     <span class="doccomment">/// Buffer holds a bitmap.
     ///
     /// Note: Unlike the C++ implementation, the null/validity buffer
     /// is handled specially rather than as another of the buffers in
     /// the spec, so this variant is only used for the Boolean type.
     </span>BitMap,
     <span class="doccomment">/// Buffer is always null. Unused currently in Rust implementation,
     /// (used in C++ for Union type)
     </span><span class="attr">#[allow(dead_code)]
     </span>AlwaysNull,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>PartialEq <span class="kw">for </span>ArrayData {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, other: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         equal::equal(<span class="self">self</span>, other)
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Builder for `ArrayData` type
 </span><span class="attr">#[derive(Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>ArrayDataBuilder {
     data_type: DataType,
     len: usize,
     null_count: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;usize&gt;,
     null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Buffer&gt;,
     nulls: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;NullBuffer&gt;,
     offset: usize,
     buffers: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;,
     child_data: Vec&lt;ArrayData&gt;,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>ArrayDataBuilder {
     <span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>new(data_type: DataType) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             data_type,
             len: <span class="number">0</span>,
             null_count: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             nulls: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             offset: <span class="number">0</span>,
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
             child_data: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
         }
     }

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>data_type(<span class="self">self</span>, data_type: DataType) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{ data_type, ..<span class="self">self </span>}
     }

     <span class="attr">#[inline]
     #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>len(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.len = n;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>nulls(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, nulls: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;NullBuffer&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.nulls = nulls;
         <span class="self">self</span>.null_count = <span class="prelude-val">None</span>;
         <span class="self">self</span>.null_bit_buffer = <span class="prelude-val">None</span>;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>null_count(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, null_count: usize) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.null_count = <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(null_count);
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>null_bit_buffer(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Buffer&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.nulls = <span class="prelude-val">None</span>;
         <span class="self">self</span>.null_bit_buffer = buf;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="attr">#[inline]
     </span><span class="kw">pub const fn </span>offset(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.offset = n;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>buffers(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, v: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.buffers = v;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>add_buffer(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, b: Buffer) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.push(b);
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>add_buffers(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, bs: Vec&lt;Buffer&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.buffers.extend(bs);
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>child_data(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, v: Vec&lt;ArrayData&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.child_data = v;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">pub fn </span>add_child_data(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, r: ArrayData) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.child_data.push(r);
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates an array data, without any validation
     ///
     /// # Safety
     ///
     /// The same caveats as [`ArrayData::new_unchecked`]
     /// apply.
     </span><span class="attr">#[allow(clippy::let_and_return)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub unsafe fn </span>build_unchecked(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; ArrayData {
         <span class="kw">let </span>data = <span class="self">self</span>.build_impl();
         <span class="comment">// Provide a force_validate mode
         </span><span class="attr">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"force_validate"</span>)]
         </span>data.validate_data().unwrap();
         data
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Same as [`Self::build_unchecked`] but ignoring `force_validate` feature flag
     </span><span class="kw">unsafe fn </span>build_impl(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; ArrayData {
         <span class="kw">let </span>nulls = <span class="self">self</span>.nulls.or_else(|| {
             <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = <span class="self">self</span>.null_bit_buffer<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = BooleanBuffer::new(buffer, <span class="self">self</span>.offset, <span class="self">self</span>.len);
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.null_count {
                 <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(n) =&gt; NullBuffer::new_unchecked(buffer, n),
                 <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=&gt; NullBuffer::new(buffer),
             })
         });

         ArrayData {
             data_type: <span class="self">self</span>.data_type,
             len: <span class="self">self</span>.len,
             offset: <span class="self">self</span>.offset,
             buffers: <span class="self">self</span>.buffers,
             child_data: <span class="self">self</span>.child_data,
             nulls: nulls.filter(|b| b.null_count() != <span class="number">0</span>),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates an array data, validating all inputs
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>build(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;ArrayData, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>data = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ <span class="self">self</span>.build_impl() };
         data.validate_data()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(data)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates an array data, validating all inputs, and aligning any buffers
     ///
     /// Rust requires that arrays are aligned to their corresponding primitive,
     /// see [`Layout::array`](std::alloc::Layout::array) and [`std::mem::align_of`].
     ///
     /// [`ArrayData`] therefore requires that all buffers have at least this alignment,
     /// to allow for [slice](std::slice) based APIs. See [`BufferSpec::FixedWidth`].
     ///
     /// As this alignment is architecture specific, and not guaranteed by all arrow implementations,
     /// this method is provided to automatically copy buffers to a new correctly aligned allocation
     /// when necessary, making it useful when interacting with buffers produced by other systems,
     /// e.g. IPC or FFI.
     ///
     /// This is unlike `[Self::build`] which will instead return an error on encountering
     /// insufficiently aligned buffers.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>build_aligned(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;ArrayData, ArrowError&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>data = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ <span class="self">self</span>.build_impl() };
         data.align_buffers();
         data.validate_data()<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(data)
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>From&lt;ArrayData&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>ArrayDataBuilder {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>from(d: ArrayData) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">Self </span>{
             data_type: d.data_type,
             len: d.len,
             offset: d.offset,
             buffers: d.buffers,
             child_data: d.child_data,
             nulls: d.nulls,
             null_bit_buffer: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             null_count: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="attr">#[cfg(test)]
 </span><span class="kw">mod </span>tests {
     <span class="kw">use super</span>::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
     <span class="kw">use </span>arrow_schema::Field;

     <span class="comment">// See arrow/tests/array_data_validation.rs for test of array validation

     </span><span class="doccomment">/// returns a buffer initialized with some constant value for tests
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>make_i32_buffer(n: usize) -&gt; Buffer {
         Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="number">42i32</span>; n])
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// returns a buffer initialized with some constant value for tests
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>make_f32_buffer(n: usize) -&gt; Buffer {
         Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="number">42f32</span>; n])
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_builder() {
         <span class="comment">// Buffer needs to be at least 25 long
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>v = (<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">25</span>).collect::&lt;Vec&lt;i32&gt;&gt;();
         <span class="kw">let </span>b1 = Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>v);
         <span class="kw">let </span>arr_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">20</span>)
             .offset(<span class="number">5</span>)
             .add_buffer(b1)
             .null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[
                 <span class="number">0b01011111</span>, <span class="number">0b10110101</span>, <span class="number">0b01100011</span>, <span class="number">0b00011110</span>,
             ])))
             .build()
             .unwrap();

         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">20</span>, arr_data.len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">10</span>, arr_data.null_count());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">5</span>, arr_data.offset());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, arr_data.buffers().len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(
             Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>v).as_slice(),
             arr_data.buffers()[<span class="number">0</span>].as_slice()
         );
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_builder_with_child_data() {
         <span class="kw">let </span>child_arr_data = ArrayData::try_new(
             DataType::Int32,
             <span class="number">5</span>,
             <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             <span class="number">0</span>,
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[Buffer::from_slice_ref([<span class="number">1i32</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>])],
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
         )
         .unwrap();

         <span class="kw">let </span>field = Arc::new(Field::new(<span class="string">"x"</span>, DataType::Int32, <span class="bool-val">true</span>));
         <span class="kw">let </span>data_type = DataType::Struct(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[field].into());

         <span class="kw">let </span>arr_data = ArrayData::builder(data_type)
             .len(<span class="number">5</span>)
             .offset(<span class="number">0</span>)
             .add_child_data(child_arr_data.clone())
             .build()
             .unwrap();

         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">5</span>, arr_data.len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, arr_data.child_data().len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(child_arr_data, arr_data.child_data()[<span class="number">0</span>]);
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_null_count() {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bit_v: [u8; <span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">2</span>];
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">0</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">3</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">10</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>arr_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">16</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">16</span>))
             .null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(bit_v)))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">13</span>, arr_data.null_count());

         <span class="comment">// Test with offset
         </span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bit_v: [u8; <span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">2</span>];
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">0</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">3</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">10</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>arr_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">12</span>)
             .offset(<span class="number">2</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">14</span>)) <span class="comment">// requires at least 14 bytes of space,
             </span>.null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(bit_v)))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">10</span>, arr_data.null_count());
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_null_buffer_ref() {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bit_v: [u8; <span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">2</span>];
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">0</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">3</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">10</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>arr_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">16</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">16</span>))
             .null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(bit_v)))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(arr_data.nulls().is_some());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>bit_v, arr_data.nulls().unwrap().validity());
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_slice() {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bit_v: [u8; <span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">2</span>];
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">0</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">3</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">10</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">16</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">16</span>))
             .null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(bit_v)))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="kw">let </span>new_data = data.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">15</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(data.len() - <span class="number">1</span>, new_data.len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, new_data.offset());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(data.null_count(), new_data.null_count());

         <span class="comment">// slice of a slice (removes one null)
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>new_data = new_data.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">14</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(data.len() - <span class="number">2</span>, new_data.len());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">2</span>, new_data.offset());
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(data.null_count() - <span class="number">1</span>, new_data.null_count());
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_equality() {
         <span class="kw">let </span>int_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">1</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">1</span>))
             .build()
             .unwrap();

         <span class="kw">let </span>float_data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Float32)
             .len(<span class="number">1</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_f32_buffer(<span class="number">1</span>))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="macro">assert_ne!</span>(int_data, float_data);
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!int_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>float_data));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(int_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data));

         <span class="attr">#[allow(clippy::redundant_clone)]
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>int_data_clone = int_data.clone();
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(int_data, int_data_clone);
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(int_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data_clone));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(int_data_clone.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data));

         <span class="kw">let </span>int_data_slice = int_data_clone.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">0</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(int_data_slice.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data_slice));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!int_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data_slice));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!int_data_slice.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>int_data));

         <span class="kw">let </span>data_buffer = Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="string">"abcdef"</span>.as_bytes());
         <span class="kw">let </span>offsets_buffer = Buffer::from_slice_ref([<span class="number">0_i32</span>, <span class="number">2_i32</span>, <span class="number">2_i32</span>, <span class="number">5_i32</span>]);
         <span class="kw">let </span>string_data = ArrayData::try_new(
             DataType::Utf8,
             <span class="number">3</span>,
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from_iter(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="bool-val">true</span>, <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="bool-val">true</span>])),
             <span class="number">0</span>,
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[offsets_buffer, data_buffer],
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
         )
         .unwrap();

         <span class="macro">assert_ne!</span>(float_data, string_data);
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!float_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data));

         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(string_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data));

         <span class="attr">#[allow(clippy::redundant_clone)]
         </span><span class="kw">let </span>string_data_cloned = string_data.clone();
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(string_data_cloned.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(string_data.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data_cloned));

         <span class="kw">let </span>string_data_slice = string_data.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(string_data_slice.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data_slice));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!string_data_slice.ptr_eq(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>string_data))
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_slice_memory_size() {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bit_v: [u8; <span class="number">2</span>] = [<span class="number">0</span>; <span class="number">2</span>];
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">0</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">3</span>);
         bit_util::set_bit(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>bit_v, <span class="number">10</span>);
         <span class="kw">let </span>data = ArrayData::builder(DataType::Int32)
             .len(<span class="number">16</span>)
             .add_buffer(make_i32_buffer(<span class="number">16</span>))
             .null_bit_buffer(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from(bit_v)))
             .build()
             .unwrap();
         <span class="kw">let </span>new_data = data.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">14</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(
             data.get_slice_memory_size().unwrap() - <span class="number">8</span>,
             new_data.get_slice_memory_size().unwrap()
         );
         <span class="kw">let </span>data_buffer = Buffer::from_slice_ref(<span class="string">"abcdef"</span>.as_bytes());
         <span class="kw">let </span>offsets_buffer = Buffer::from_slice_ref([<span class="number">0_i32</span>, <span class="number">2_i32</span>, <span class="number">2_i32</span>, <span class="number">5_i32</span>]);
         <span class="kw">let </span>string_data = ArrayData::try_new(
             DataType::Utf8,
             <span class="number">3</span>,
             <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Buffer::from_iter(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="bool-val">true</span>, <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="bool-val">true</span>])),
             <span class="number">0</span>,
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[offsets_buffer, data_buffer],
             <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
         )
         .unwrap();
         <span class="kw">let </span>string_data_slice = string_data.slice(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>);
         <span class="comment">//4 bytes of offset and 2 bytes of data reduced by slicing.
         </span><span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(
             string_data.get_slice_memory_size().unwrap() - <span class="number">6</span>,
             string_data_slice.get_slice_memory_size().unwrap()
         );
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_count_nulls() {
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = Buffer::from(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="number">0b00010110</span>, <span class="number">0b10011111</span>]);
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = NullBuffer::new(BooleanBuffer::new(buffer, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">16</span>));
         <span class="kw">let </span>count = count_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">16</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(count, <span class="number">7</span>);

         <span class="kw">let </span>count = count_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">8</span>);
         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(count, <span class="number">3</span>);
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_contains_nulls() {
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer: Buffer =
             MutableBuffer::from_iter([<span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="bool-val">false</span>, <span class="bool-val">true</span>, <span class="bool-val">true</span>, <span class="bool-val">false</span>]).into();
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = NullBuffer::new(BooleanBuffer::new(buffer, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">6</span>));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(contains_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">6</span>));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(contains_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">3</span>));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!contains_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">2</span>));
         <span class="macro">assert!</span>(!contains_nulls(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buffer), <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">0</span>));
     }

     <span class="attr">#[test]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_alignment() {
         <span class="kw">let </span>buffer = Buffer::from_vec(<span class="macro">vec!</span>[<span class="number">1_i32</span>, <span class="number">2_i32</span>, <span class="number">3_i32</span>]);
         <span class="kw">let </span>sliced = buffer.slice(<span class="number">1</span>);

         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>data = ArrayData {
             data_type: DataType::Int32,
             len: <span class="number">0</span>,
             offset: <span class="number">0</span>,
             buffers: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[buffer],
             child_data: <span class="macro">vec!</span>[],
             nulls: <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
         };
         data.validate_full().unwrap();

         data.buffers[<span class="number">0</span>] = sliced;
         <span class="kw">let </span>err = data.validate().unwrap_err();

         <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(
             err.to_string(),
             <span class="string">"Invalid argument error: Misaligned buffers[0] in array of type Int32, offset from expected alignment of 4 by 1"
         </span>);

         data.align_buffers();
         data.validate_full().unwrap();
     }
 }
 </code></pre></div></section></main></body></html>