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alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role="alert"><div>This is documentation for Apache APISIX® -- Cloud-Native API Gateway and AI Gateway <b>3.11</b>, which is no longer actively maintained.</div><div class="margin-top--md">For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href="/docs/apisix/xrpc/">latest version</a></b> (3.14).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_oiyr"><article><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.11</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>xRPC</h1></header><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="what-is-xrpc"></a>What is xRPC<a class="hash-link" href="#what-is-xrpc" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>APISIX supports proxy TCP protocols, but there are times when a pure TCP protocol proxy is not enough. It would be helpful if you had an application-specific proxy, such as Redis Proxy, Kafka Proxy, etc. In addition, some features must be coded and decoded for that protocol before they can be implemented.</p><p>Therefore, Apache APISIX implements an L4 protocol extension framework called xRPC that allows developers to customize application-specific protocols. Based on xRPC, developers can codec requests and responses through Lua code and then implement fault injection, log reporting, dynamic routing, and other functions based on understanding the protocol content.</p><p>Based on the xRPC framework, APISIX can provide a proxy implementation of several major application protocols. In addition, users can also support their own private TCP-based application protocols based on this framework, giving them precise granularity and higher-level 7-layer control similar to HTTP protocol proxies.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="how-to-use"></a>How to use<a class="hash-link" href="#how-to-use" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>Currently, the steps for users to use xRPC are relatively simple and can be handled quickly in just two steps.</p><ol><li>First, enable the corresponding protocol in <code>conf/config.yaml</code>.</li></ol><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 yaml"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-yaml codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">xrpc</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">protocols</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">-</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> redis</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Then specify the protocol in the relevant <code>stream_routes</code>.</li></ol><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"redis"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"conf"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"faults"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"delay"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"key"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"bogus_key"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"commands"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"GET"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"MGET"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>The TCP connection that hits that <code>stream_route</code> is then handled according to that protocol.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="configuration"></a>Configuration<a class="hash-link" href="#configuration" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Type</th><th>Required</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>name</td><td>string</td><td>True</td><td></td><td>the protocol name</td></tr><tr><td>conf</td><td></td><td>False</td><td></td><td>the application-specific protocol configuration</td></tr><tr><td>superior_id</td><td>ID</td><td>False</td><td></td><td>the ID of the superior stream route</td></tr></tbody></table><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="scenarios"></a>Scenarios<a class="hash-link" href="#scenarios" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="fault-injection"></a>Fault injection<a class="hash-link" href="#fault-injection" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>Taking Redis protocol as an example, after decoding the RESP protocol of Redis, we can know the command and parameters of the current request and then get the corresponding content according to the configuration, encode it using RESP protocol, and return it to the client.</p><p>Suppose the user uses the following routing configuration.</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"redis"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"conf"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"faults"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"delay"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"key"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"bogus_key"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"commands"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"GET"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"MGET"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>Then when the command is "GET" or "MGET", and the operation key contains "bogus_key", it will get "delay" according to the configuration: "5" parameter, and the corresponding operation will be performed with a delay of 5 seconds.</p><p>Since xRPC requires developers to codec the protocol when customizing it, the same operation can be applied to other protocols.</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="dynamic-routing"></a>Dynamic Routing<a class="hash-link" href="#dynamic-routing" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>In the process of proxy RPC protocol, there are often different RPC calls that need to be forwarded to different upstream requirements. Therefore, the xRPC framework has built-in support for dynamic routing.</p><p>To solve this problem, the concept of superior and subordinate is used in xRPC routing, as shown in the following two examples.</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"># /stream_routes/</span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">1</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"sni"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"a.test.com"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"xx"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"conf"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"upstream_id"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"1"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"># /stream_routes/</span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">2</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"xx"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"superior_id"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"1"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"conf"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"upstream_id"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"2"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>One specifies the <code>superior_id</code>, whose corresponding value is the ID of another route; the other specifies that the route with the <code>superior_id</code> is a subordinate route, subordinate to the one with the <code>superior_id</code>. Only the superior route is involved in matching at the entry point. The subordinate route is then matched by the specific protocol when the request is decoded.</p><p>For example, for the Dubbo RPC protocol, the subordinate route is matched based on the service_name and other parameters configured in the route and the actual service_name brought in the request. If the match is successful, the configuration above the subordinate route is used, otherwise, the configuration of the superior route is still used. In the above example, if the match for route 2 is successful, it will be forwarded to upstream 2; otherwise, it will still be forwarded to upstream 1.</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="log-reporting"></a>Log Reporting<a class="hash-link" href="#log-reporting" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>xRPC supports logging-related functions. You can use this feature to filter requests that require attention, such as high latency, excessive transfer content, etc.</p><p>Each logger item configuration parameter will contain</p><ul><li><p>name: the Logger plugin name,</p></li><li><p>filter: the prerequisites for the execution of the logger plugin(e.g., request processing time exceeding a given value),</p></li><li><p>conf: the configuration of the logger plugin itself.</p><p>The following configuration is an example:</p></li></ul><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"redis"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"logger"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"syslog"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"filter"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"rpc_time"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">">="</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0.01</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"conf"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"host"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"127.0.0.1"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"port"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">8125</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>This configuration means that when the <code>rpc_time</code> is greater than 0.01 seconds, xRPC reports the request log to the log server via the <code>syslog</code> plugin. <code>conf</code> is the configuration of the logging server required by the <code>syslog</code> plugin.</p><p>Unlike standard TCP proxies, which only execute a logger when the connection is closed, xRPC executes a logger at the end of each 'request'.</p><p>The protocol itself defines the granularity of the specific request, and the xRPC extension code implements the request's granularity.</p><p>For example, in the Redis protocol, the execution of a command is considered a request.</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="dynamic-metrics"></a>Dynamic metrics<a class="hash-link" href="#dynamic-metrics" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>xRPC also supports gathering metrics on the fly and exposing them via Prometheus.</p><p>To know how to enable Prometheus metrics for TCP and collect them, please refer to <a href="/docs/apisix/3.11/plugins/prometheus/">prometheus</a>.</p><p>To get the protocol-specific metrics, you need to:</p><ol><li>Make sure the Prometheus is enabled for TCP</li><li>Add the metric field to the specific route and ensure the <code>enable</code> is true:</li></ol><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> ...</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"protocol"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"name"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"redis"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"metric"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"enable"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:#36acaa">true</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>Different protocols will have different metrics. Please refer to the <code>Metrics</code> section of their own documentation.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="how-to-write-your-own-protocol"></a>How to write your own protocol<a class="hash-link" href="#how-to-write-your-own-protocol" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>Assuming that your protocol is named <code>my_proto</code>, you need to create a directory that can be introduced by <code>require "apisix.stream.xrpc.protocols.my_proto"</code>. |
| Inside this directory you need to have two files, <code>init.lua</code>, which implements the methods required by the xRPC framework, and <code>schema.lua</code>, which implements the schema checks for the protocol configuration.</p><p>For a concrete implementation, you can refer to the existing protocols at:</p><ul><li><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/apisix/stream/xrpc/protocols" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/apisix/stream/xrpc/protocols</a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/t/xrpc/apisix/stream/xrpc/protocols" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/t/xrpc/apisix/stream/xrpc/protocols</a></li></ul><p>To know what methods are required to be implemented and how the xRPC framework works, please refer to: |
| <a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/apisix/stream/xrpc/runner.lua" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/apache/apisix/tree/master/apisix/stream/xrpc/runner.lua</a></p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="/edit#https://github.com/apache/apisix/edit/release/3.11/docs/en/latest/xrpc.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_mS5F" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_mt2f"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><div class="pagination-nav__item"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/docs/apisix/3.11/xrpc/redis/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">« redis</div></a></div><div class="pagination-nav__item pagination-nav__item--next"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/docs/apisix/3.11/router-radixtree/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">router-radixtree »</div></a></div></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_vrFS thin-scrollbar"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#what-is-xrpc" class="table-of-contents__link">What is xRPC</a></li><li><a href="#how-to-use" class="table-of-contents__link">How to use</a></li><li><a href="#configuration" class="table-of-contents__link">Configuration</a></li><li><a href="#scenarios" class="table-of-contents__link">Scenarios</a><ul><li><a href="#fault-injection" class="table-of-contents__link">Fault injection</a></li><li><a href="#dynamic-routing" class="table-of-contents__link">Dynamic Routing</a></li><li><a href="#log-reporting" class="table-of-contents__link">Log Reporting</a></li><li><a href="#dynamic-metrics" class="table-of-contents__link">Dynamic metrics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#how-to-write-your-own-protocol" class="table-of-contents__link">How to write your own protocol</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="container_MP5Z"><div class="linksRow_iwpv"><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>ASF</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Foundation</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>License</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Events</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Security</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Sponsorship</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Thanks</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>Community</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/issues" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>GitHub</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="/docs/general/join/"><span></span><span>Slack</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/ApacheAPISIX" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgPD18cMhOg5rmPVnQhAC8g" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>YouTube</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>More</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/blog/"><span></span><span>Blog</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/showcase/"><span></span><span>Showcase</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/plugins/"><span></span><span>Plugin Hub</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/milestones" target="_parent" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Roadmap</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="copyright_ZfFh"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="display:inline-block;width:231.25px;height:40px"></span></a><div>Copyright © 2019-2025 The Apache Software Foundation. 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