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class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.11</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Wasm</h1></header><p>APISIX supports Wasm plugins written with <a href="https://github.com/proxy-wasm/spec#sdks" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Proxy Wasm SDK</a>.</p><p>Currently, only a few APIs are implemented. Please follow <a href="https://github.com/api7/wasm-nginx-module" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wasm-nginx-module</a> to know the progress.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="programming-model"></a>Programming model<a class="hash-link" href="#programming-model" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>The plugin supports the following concepts from Proxy Wasm:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 bash"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> Wasm Virtual Machine</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ Your Plugin │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ │ │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ │ </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">1</span><span class="token plain">: </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">1</span><span class="token plain"> │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ │ </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">1</span><span class="token plain">: N │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ VMContext ────────── PluginContext │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ ╲ </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">1</span><span class="token plain">: N │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ ╲ │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ ╲ HttpContext │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">│ </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">Http stream</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> │</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><ul><li>All plugins run in the same Wasm VM, like the Lua plugin in the Lua VM</li><li>Each plugin has its own VMContext (the root ctx)</li><li>Each configured route/global rules has its own PluginContext (the plugin ctx). |
| For example, if we have a service configuring with Wasm plugin, and two routes inherit from it, |
| there will be two plugin ctxs.</li><li>Each HTTP request which hits the configuration will have its own HttpContext (the HTTP ctx). |
| For example, if we configure both global rules and route, the HTTP request will |
| have two HTTP ctxs, one for the plugin ctx from global rules and the other for the |
| plugin ctx from route.</li></ul><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="how-to-use"></a>How to use<a class="hash-link" href="#how-to-use" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>First of all, we need to define the plugin in <code>config.yaml</code>:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 yaml"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-yaml codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">wasm</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">plugins</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">-</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> wasm_log </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># the name of the plugin</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">priority</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">7999</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># priority</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">file</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> t/wasm/log/main.go.wasm </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># the path of `.wasm` file</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token key atrule" style="color:#00a4db">http_request_phase</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> access </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># default to "access", can be one of ["access", "rewrite"]</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>That's all. Now you can use the wasm plugin as a regular plugin.</p><p>For example, enable this plugin on the specified route:</p><div class="admonition admonition-note alert alert--secondary"><div class="admonition-heading"><h5><span class="admonition-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="16" viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 5.69a.942.942 0 0 1-.28-.7c0-.28.09-.52.28-.7.19-.18.42-.28.7-.28.28 0 .52.09.7.28.18.19.28.42.28.7 0 .28-.09.52-.28.7a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3c-.28 0-.52-.11-.7-.3zM8 7.99c-.02-.25-.11-.48-.31-.69-.2-.19-.42-.3-.69-.31H6c-.27.02-.48.13-.69.31-.2.2-.3.44-.31.69h1v3c.02.27.11.5.31.69.2.2.42.31.69.31h1c.27 0 .48-.11.69-.31.2-.19.3-.42.31-.69H8V7.98v.01zM7 2.3c-3.14 0-5.7 2.54-5.7 5.68 0 3.14 2.56 5.7 5.7 5.7s5.7-2.55 5.7-5.7c0-3.15-2.56-5.69-5.7-5.69v.01zM7 .98c3.86 0 7 3.14 7 7s-3.14 7-7 7-7-3.12-7-7 3.14-7 7-7z"></path></svg></span>note</h5></div><div class="admonition-content"><p>You can fetch the <code>admin_key</code> from <code>config.yaml</code> and save to an environment variable with the following command:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 bash"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token assign-left variable" style="color:#36acaa">admin_key</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$(</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">yq </span><span class="token variable string" style="color:#e3116c">'.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key'</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> conf/config.yaml </span><span class="token variable operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> </span><span class="token variable function" style="color:#d73a49">sed</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> </span><span class="token variable string" style="color:#e3116c">'s/"//g'</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div></div></div><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">curl</span><span class="token plain"> -i http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"X-API-KEY: </span><span class="token string variable" style="color:#36acaa">$admin_key</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"</span><span class="token plain"> -X PUT -d </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">{</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "uri": "/index.html",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "plugins": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "wasm_log": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "conf": "blahblah"</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> },</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "upstream": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "type": "roundrobin",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "nodes": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "127.0.0.1:1980": 1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">}'</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>Attributes below can be configured in the plugin:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Type</th><th>Requirement</th><th>Default</th><th>Valid</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>conf</td><td>string</td><td>required</td><td></td><td>!= ""</td><td>the plugin ctx configuration which can be fetched via Proxy Wasm SDK</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Here is the mapping between Proxy Wasm callbacks and APISIX's phases:</p><ul><li><code>proxy_on_configure</code>: run once there is not PluginContext for the new configuration. |
| For example, when the first request hits the route which has Wasm plugin configured.</li><li><code>proxy_on_http_request_headers</code>: run in the access/rewrite phase, depends on the configuration of <code>http_request_phase</code>.</li><li><code>proxy_on_http_request_body</code>: run in the same phase of <code>proxy_on_http_request_headers</code>. To run this callback, we need to set property <code>wasm_process_req_body</code> to non-empty value in <code>proxy_on_http_request_headers</code>. See <code>t/wasm/request-body/main.go</code> as an example.</li><li><code>proxy_on_http_response_headers</code>: run in the header_filter phase.</li><li><code>proxy_on_http_response_body</code>: run in the body_filter phase. To run this callback, we need to set property <code>wasm_process_resp_body</code> to non-empty value in <code>proxy_on_http_response_headers</code>. See <code>t/wasm/response-rewrite/main.go</code> as an example.</li></ul><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="example"></a>Example<a class="hash-link" href="#example" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>We have reimplemented some Lua plugin via Wasm, under <code>t/wasm/</code> of this repo:</p><ul><li>fault-injection</li><li>forward-auth</li><li>response-rewrite</li></ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="/edit#https://github.com/apache/apisix/edit/release/3.11/docs/en/latest/wasm.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_mS5F" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_mt2f"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><div class="pagination-nav__item"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/docs/apisix/3.11/external-plugin/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">« External Plugin</div></a></div><div class="pagination-nav__item pagination-nav__item--next"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/docs/apisix/3.11/internal/plugin-runner/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">The Implementation of Plugin Runner »</div></a></div></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_vrFS thin-scrollbar"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#programming-model" class="table-of-contents__link">Programming model</a></li><li><a href="#how-to-use" class="table-of-contents__link">How to use</a></li><li><a href="#example" class="table-of-contents__link">Example</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="container_MP5Z"><div class="linksRow_iwpv"><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>ASF</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Foundation</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>License</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Events</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Security</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Sponsorship</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Thanks</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>Community</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/issues" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>GitHub</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="/docs/general/join/"><span></span><span>Slack</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/ApacheAPISIX" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Twitter</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgPD18cMhOg5rmPVnQhAC8g" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>YouTube</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="linksCol_a1ec"><div>More</div><ul><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/blog/"><span></span><span>Blog</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/showcase/"><span></span><span>Showcase</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a target="_parent" href="/plugins/"><span></span><span>Plugin Hub</span></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/apisix/milestones" target="_parent" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span></span><span>Roadmap</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="copyright_ZfFh"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span style="display:inline-block;width:231.25px;height:40px"></span></a><div>Copyright © 2019-2025 The Apache Software Foundation. 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