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class="docMainContainer_Q970"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_zHA2"><div class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role="alert"><div>This is documentation for Apache APISIX® -- Cloud-Native API Gateway and AI Gateway <b>3.11</b>, which is no longer actively maintained.</div><div class="margin-top--md">For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href="/docs/apisix/plugins/openwhisk/">latest version</a></b> (3.14).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_oiyr"><article><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.11</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>openwhisk</h1></header><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="description"></a>Description<a class="hash-link" href="#description" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>The <code>openwhisk</code> Plugin is used to integrate APISIX with <a href="https://openwhisk.apache.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Apache OpenWhisk</a> serverless platform.</p><p>This Plugin can be configured on a Route and requests will be send to the configured OpenWhish API endpoint as the upstream.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="attributes"></a>Attributes<a class="hash-link" href="#attributes" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><table><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Type</th><th>Required</th><th>Default</th><th>Valid values</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>api_host</td><td>string</td><td>True</td><td></td><td></td><td>OpenWhisk API host address. For example, <code>https://localhost:3233</code>.</td></tr><tr><td>ssl_verify</td><td>boolean</td><td>False</td><td>true</td><td></td><td>When set to <code>true</code> verifies the SSL certificate.</td></tr><tr><td>service_token</td><td>string</td><td>True</td><td></td><td></td><td>OpenWhisk service token. The format is <code>xxx:xxx</code> and it is passed through basic auth when calling the API.</td></tr><tr><td>namespace</td><td>string</td><td>True</td><td></td><td></td><td>OpenWhisk namespace. For example <code>guest</code>.</td></tr><tr><td>action</td><td>string</td><td>True</td><td></td><td></td><td>OpenWhisk action. For example <code>hello</code>.</td></tr><tr><td>result</td><td>boolean</td><td>False</td><td>true</td><td></td><td>When set to <code>true</code> gets the action metadata (executes the function and gets response).</td></tr><tr><td>timeout</td><td>integer</td><td>False</td><td>60000ms</td><td>[1, 60000]ms</td><td>OpenWhisk action and HTTP call timeout in ms.</td></tr><tr><td>keepalive</td><td>boolean</td><td>False</td><td>true</td><td></td><td>When set to <code>true</code> keeps the connection alive for reuse.</td></tr><tr><td>keepalive_timeout</td><td>integer</td><td>False</td><td>60000ms</td><td>[1000,...]ms</td><td>Time is ms for connection to remain idle without closing.</td></tr><tr><td>keepalive_pool</td><td>integer</td><td>False</td><td>5</td><td>[1,...]</td><td>Maximum number of requests that can be sent on this connection before closing it.</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="admonition admonition-note alert alert--secondary"><div class="admonition-heading"><h5><span class="admonition-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="16" viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 5.69a.942.942 0 0 1-.28-.7c0-.28.09-.52.28-.7.19-.18.42-.28.7-.28.28 0 .52.09.7.28.18.19.28.42.28.7 0 .28-.09.52-.28.7a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3c-.28 0-.52-.11-.7-.3zM8 7.99c-.02-.25-.11-.48-.31-.69-.2-.19-.42-.3-.69-.31H6c-.27.02-.48.13-.69.31-.2.2-.3.44-.31.69h1v3c.02.27.11.5.31.69.2.2.42.31.69.31h1c.27 0 .48-.11.69-.31.2-.19.3-.42.31-.69H8V7.98v.01zM7 2.3c-3.14 0-5.7 2.54-5.7 5.68 0 3.14 2.56 5.7 5.7 5.7s5.7-2.55 5.7-5.7c0-3.15-2.56-5.69-5.7-5.69v.01zM7 .98c3.86 0 7 3.14 7 7s-3.14 7-7 7-7-3.12-7-7 3.14-7 7-7z"></path></svg></span>note</h5></div><div class="admonition-content"><p>The <code>timeout</code> attribute sets the time taken by the OpenWhisk action to execute, and the timeout for the HTTP client in APISIX. OpenWhisk action calls may take time to pull the runtime image and start the container. So, if the value is set too small, it may cause a large number of requests to fail.</p><p>OpenWhisk supports timeouts in the range 1ms to 60000ms and it is recommended to set it to at least 1000ms.</p></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="enable-plugin"></a>Enable Plugin<a class="hash-link" href="#enable-plugin" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>Before configuring the Plugin, you need to have OpenWhisk running. The example below shows OpenWhisk in standalone mode:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">docker</span><span class="token plain"> run --rm -d </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">\</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> -h openwhisk --name openwhisk </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">\</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> -p </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">3233</span><span class="token plain">:3233 -p </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">3232</span><span class="token plain">:3232 </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">\</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">\</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> openwhisk/standalone:nightly</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">docker</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin class-name">exec</span><span class="token plain"> openwhisk waitready</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>Install the <a href="https://github.com/apache/openwhisk-cli" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">openwhisk-cli</a> utility.</p><p>You can download the released executable binaries wsk for Linux systems from the <a href="https://github.com/apache/openwhisk-cli" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">openwhisk-cli</a> repository.</p><p>You can then create an action to test:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">wsk property </span><span class="token builtin class-name">set</span><span class="token plain"> --apihost </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"http://localhost:3233"</span><span class="token plain"> --auth </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"23bc46b1-71f6-4ed5-8c54-816aa4f8c502:123zO3xZCLrMN6v2BKK1dXYFpXlPkccOFqm12CdAsMgRU4VrNZ9lyGVCGuMDGIwP"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">wsk action update </span><span class="token builtin class-name">test</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34"><</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'function main(){return {"ready":true}}'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> --kind nodejs:14</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>You can now configure the Plugin on a specific Route and point to this running OpenWhisk service:</p><div class="admonition admonition-note alert alert--secondary"><div class="admonition-heading"><h5><span class="admonition-icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="16" viewBox="0 0 14 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.3 5.69a.942.942 0 0 1-.28-.7c0-.28.09-.52.28-.7.19-.18.42-.28.7-.28.28 0 .52.09.7.28.18.19.28.42.28.7 0 .28-.09.52-.28.7a1 1 0 0 1-.7.3c-.28 0-.52-.11-.7-.3zM8 7.99c-.02-.25-.11-.48-.31-.69-.2-.19-.42-.3-.69-.31H6c-.27.02-.48.13-.69.31-.2.2-.3.44-.31.69h1v3c.02.27.11.5.31.69.2.2.42.31.69.31h1c.27 0 .48-.11.69-.31.2-.19.3-.42.31-.69H8V7.98v.01zM7 2.3c-3.14 0-5.7 2.54-5.7 5.68 0 3.14 2.56 5.7 5.7 5.7s5.7-2.55 5.7-5.7c0-3.15-2.56-5.69-5.7-5.69v.01zM7 .98c3.86 0 7 3.14 7 7s-3.14 7-7 7-7-3.12-7-7 3.14-7 7-7z"></path></svg></span>note</h5></div><div class="admonition-content"><p>You can fetch the <code>admin_key</code> from <code>config.yaml</code> and save to an environment variable with the following command:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 bash"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token assign-left variable" style="color:#36acaa">admin_key</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$(</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">yq </span><span class="token variable string" style="color:#e3116c">'.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key'</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> conf/config.yaml </span><span class="token variable operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> </span><span class="token variable function" style="color:#d73a49">sed</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa"> </span><span class="token variable string" style="color:#e3116c">'s/"//g'</span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div></div></div><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">curl</span><span class="token plain"> http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"X-API-KEY: </span><span class="token string variable" style="color:#36acaa">$admin_key</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"</span><span class="token plain"> -X PUT -d </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">{</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "uri": "/hello",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "plugins": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "openwhisk": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "api_host": "http://localhost:3233",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "service_token": "23bc46b1-71f6-4ed5-8c54-816aa4f8c502:123zO3xZCLrMN6v2BKK1dXYFpXlPkccOFqm12CdAsMgRU4VrNZ9lyGVCGuMDGIwP",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "namespace": "guest",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "action": "test"</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">}'</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="example-usage"></a>Example usage<a class="hash-link" href="#example-usage" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>Once you have configured the Plugin, you can send a request to the Route and it will invoke the configured action:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">curl</span><span class="token plain"> -i http://127.0.0.1:9080/hello</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>This will give back the response from the action:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 json"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property" style="color:#36acaa">"ready"</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:#36acaa">true</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="delete-plugin"></a>Delete Plugin<a class="hash-link" href="#delete-plugin" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>To remove the <code>openwhisk</code> Plugin, you can delete the corresponding JSON configuration from the Plugin configuration. APISIX will automatically reload and you do not have to restart for this to take effect.</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 shell"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-shell codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">curl</span><span class="token plain"> http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes/1 -H </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"X-API-KEY: </span><span class="token string variable" style="color:#36acaa">$admin_key</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"</span><span class="token plain"> -X PUT -d </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">{</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "methods": ["GET"],</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "uri": "/index.html",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "upstream": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "type": "roundrobin",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "nodes": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> "127.0.0.1:1980": 1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">}'</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="/edit#https://github.com/apache/apisix/edit/release/3.11/docs/en/latest/plugins/openwhisk.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_mS5F" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_mt2f"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages 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