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class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_zHA2"><div class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role="alert"><div>This is documentation for Apache APISIX® -- Cloud-Native API Gateway and AI Gateway <b>3.11</b>, which is no longer actively maintained.</div><div class="margin-top--md">For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href="/docs/apisix/internal/plugin-runner/">latest version</a></b> (3.14).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_oiyr"><article><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.11</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>The Implementation of Plugin Runner</h1></header><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="prerequirement"></a>Prerequirement<a class="hash-link" href="#prerequirement" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>Each request which runs the extern plugin will trigger an RPC to Plugin Runner over a connection on Unix socket. The data of RPC are serialized with <a href="https://github.com/google/flatbuffers" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Flatbuffers</a>.</p><p>Therefore, the Plugin Runner needs to:</p><ol><li>handle a connection on Unix socket</li><li>support Flatbuffers</li><li>use the proto & generated code in <a href="https://github.com/api7/ext-plugin-proto/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/api7/ext-plugin-proto/</a></li></ol><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="listening-to-the-path"></a>Listening to the Path<a class="hash-link" href="#listening-to-the-path" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>APISIX will pass the path of Unix socket as an environment variable <code>APISIX_LISTEN_ADDRESS</code> to the Plugin Runner. So the runner needs to read the value and listen to that address during starting.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="register-plugins"></a>Register Plugins<a class="hash-link" href="#register-plugins" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>The Plugin Runner should be able to load plugins written in the particular language.</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="handle-rpc"></a>Handle RPC<a class="hash-link" href="#handle-rpc" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>There are two kinds of RPC: PrepareConf & HTTPReqCall</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="handle-prepareconf"></a>Handle PrepareConf<a class="hash-link" href="#handle-prepareconf" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>As people can configure the extern plugin on the side of APISIX, we need a way to sync the plugin configuration to the Plugin Runner.</p><p>When there is a configuration that needs to sync to the Plugin Runner, we will send it via the PrepareConf RPC call. The Plugin Runner should be able to handle the call and store the configuration in a cache, then returns a unique conf token that represents the configuration.</p><p>In the previous design, an idempotent key is sent with the configuration. This field is deprecated and the Plugin Runner can safely ignore it.</p><p>Requests run plugins with particular configuration will bear a particular conf token in the RPC call, and the Plugin Runner is expected to look up actual configuration via the token.</p><p>When the configuration is modified, APISIX will send a new PrepareConf to the Plugin Runner. Currently, there is no way to notify the Plugin Runner that a configuration is removed. Therefore, we introduce another environment variable <code>APISIX_CONF_EXPIRE_TIME</code> as the conf cache expire time. The Plugin Runner should be able to cache the conf slightly longer than <code>APISIX_CONF_EXPIRE_TIME</code>, and APISIX will send another PrepareConf to refresh the cache if the configuration is still existing after <code>APISIX_CONF_EXPIRE_TIME</code> seconds.</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="handle-httpreqcall"></a>Handle HTTPReqCall<a class="hash-link" href="#handle-httpreqcall" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><p>Each request which runs the extern plugin will trigger the HTTPReqCall. The HTTPReqCall is almost a serialized version of HTTP request, plus a conf token. The Plugin Runner is expected to tell APISIX what to update by the response of HTTPReqCall RPC call.</p><p>Sometimes the plugin in the Plugin Runner needs to know some information that is not part of the HTTPReqCall request, such as the request start time and the route ID in APISIX. Hence the Plugin Runner needs to reply to an <code>ExtraInfo</code> message as the response on the connection which sends the HTTPReqCall request. APISIX will read the <code>ExtraInfo</code> message and return the asked information.</p><p>Currently, the information below is passed by <code>ExtraInfo</code>:</p><ul><li>variable value</li><li>request body</li></ul><p>The flow of HTTPReqCall procession is:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 bash"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">APISIX sends HTTPReqCall</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Plugin Runner looks up the plugin configuration by the token </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">in</span><span class="token plain"> HTTPReqCall</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">optional</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> loop:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> Plugin Runner asks </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">for</span><span class="token plain"> ExtraInfo</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> APISIX replies the ExtraInfo</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Plugin Runner replies HTTPReqCall</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="/edit#https://github.com/apache/apisix/edit/release/3.11/docs/en/latest/internal/plugin-runner.md" 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