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href="/docs/apisix/examples/plugins-hmac-auth-generate-signature/">latest version</a></b> (3.14).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_oiyr"><article><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.11</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>HMAC Generate Signature Examples</h1></header><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="python-3"></a>Python 3<a class="hash-link" href="#python-3" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 python"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">import</span><span class="token plain"> base64</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">import</span><span class="token plain"> hashlib</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">import</span><span class="token plain"> hmac</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">secret </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'the shared secret key here'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'utf-8'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">message </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'this is signature string'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'utf-8'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token builtin">hash</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> hmac</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">new</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">secret</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> hashlib</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">sha256</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># to lowercase hexits</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token builtin">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">hexdigest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># to lowercase base64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">base64</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">b64encode</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token builtin">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">digest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="java"></a>Java<a class="hash-link" href="#java" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 java"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">import javax.crypto.Mac;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">import java.security.InvalidKeyException;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">class Main {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> public static void main(String[] args) {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> try {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> String secret = "the shared secret key here";</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> String message = "this is signature string";</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> Mac hasher = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> hasher.init(new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(), "HmacSHA256"));</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> byte[] hash = hasher.doFinal(message.getBytes());</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> // to lowercase hexits</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> DatatypeConverter.printHexBinary(hash);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> // to base64</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(hash);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {}</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> catch (InvalidKeyException e) {}</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="go"></a>Go<a class="hash-link" href="#go" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 go"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">package</span><span class="token plain"> main</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"crypto/hmac"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"crypto/sha256"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"encoding/base64"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"encoding/hex"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">func</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">main</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> secret </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"the shared secret key here"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"this is signature string"</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> hash </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:=</span><span class="token plain"> hmac</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">New</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">sha256</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">New</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> secret</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">Write</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to lowercase hexits</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> hex</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">EncodeToString</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">Sum</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token boolean" style="color:#36acaa">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to base64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> base64</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">StdEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">EncodeToString</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">Sum</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token boolean" style="color:#36acaa">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="ruby"></a>Ruby<a class="hash-link" href="#ruby" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 ruby"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-ruby codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">require 'base64'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">require 'openssl'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">secret = 'the shared secret key here'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">message = 'this is signature string'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"># to lowercase hexits</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">OpenSSL::HMAC.hexdigest('sha256', secret, message)</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"># to base64</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Base64.encode64(OpenSSL::HMAC.digest('sha256', secret, message))</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="nodejs"></a>NodeJs<a class="hash-link" href="#nodejs" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 js"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-js codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">var</span><span class="token plain"> crypto </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">require</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'crypto'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">var</span><span class="token plain"> secret </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'the shared secret key here'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">var</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'this is signature string'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">var</span><span class="token plain"> hash </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> crypto</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">createHmac</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'sha256'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> secret</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">update</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to lowercase hexits</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">digest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'hex'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to base64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">digest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'base64'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="javascript-es6"></a>JavaScript ES6<a class="hash-link" href="#javascript-es6" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 js"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-js codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> secret </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'the shared secret key here'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'this is signature string'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function-variable function" style="color:#d73a49">getUtf8Bytes</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token parameter">str</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token arrow operator" style="color:#393A34">=></span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token spread operator" style="color:#393A34">...</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">unescape</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">encodeURIComponent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token parameter">c</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token arrow operator" style="color:#393A34">=></span><span class="token plain"> c</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">charCodeAt</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">0</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> secretBytes </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">getUtf8Bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">secret</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> messageBytes </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">getUtf8Bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> cryptoKey </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword control-flow" style="color:#00009f">await</span><span class="token plain"> crypto</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token property-access">subtle</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">importKey</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'raw'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> secretBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token literal-property property" style="color:#36acaa">name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'HMAC'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token literal-property property" style="color:#36acaa">hash</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'SHA-256'</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style="color:#36acaa">true</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'sign'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> sig </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword control-flow" style="color:#00009f">await</span><span class="token plain"> crypto</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token property-access">subtle</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">sign</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'HMAC'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> cryptoKey</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> messageBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to lowercase hexits</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token spread operator" style="color:#393A34">...</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">sig</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">map</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token parameter">b</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token arrow operator" style="color:#393A34">=></span><span class="token plain"> b</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">toString</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">16</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">padStart</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'0'</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">join</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">''</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// to base64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">btoa</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token known-class-name class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token method function property-access" style="color:#d73a49">fromCharCode</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token spread operator" style="color:#393A34">...</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">sig</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="php"></a>PHP<a class="hash-link" href="#php" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 php"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-php codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"><?php</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">$secret = 'the shared secret key here';</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">$message = 'this is signature string';</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">// to lowercase hexits</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">hash_hmac('sha256', $message, $secret);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">// to base64</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha256', $message, $secret, true));</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="lua"></a>Lua<a class="hash-link" href="#lua" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 lua"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-lua codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">local hmac = require("resty.hmac")</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">local secret = 'the shared secret key here'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">local message = 'this is signature string'</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">local digest = hmac:new(secret, hmac.ALGOS.SHA256):final(message)</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">--to lowercase hexits</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">ngx.say(digest)</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">--to base64</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">ngx.say(ngx.encode_base64(digest))</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3ly5" id="shell"></a>Shell<a class="hash-link" href="#shell" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><div class="codeBlockContainer_EiTO"><div class="codeBlockContent_X2I6 bash"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_UxnK thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_W6UD"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token assign-left variable" style="color:#36acaa">SECRET</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"the shared secret key here"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token assign-left variable" style="color:#36acaa">MESSAGE</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">"this is signature string"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># to lowercase hexits</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span><span class="token plain"> -e </span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$MESSAGE</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token plain"> openssl dgst -sha256 -hmac </span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$SECRET</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># to base64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span><span class="token plain"> -e </span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$MESSAGE</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token plain"> openssl dgst -sha256 -hmac </span><span class="token variable" style="color:#36acaa">$SECRET</span><span class="token plain"> -binary </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token plain"> base64</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_V-PD clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div 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