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class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#同步任务-创建">同步任务 - 创建</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#同步任务-管理">同步任务 - 管理</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#插件">插件</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level2 toc-link level2" href="#使用示例">使用示例</a></li><li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#全量数据同步">全量数据同步</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#历史数据同步">历史数据同步</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#双向数据传输">双向数据传输</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#级联数据传输">级联数据传输</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#跨网闸数据传输">跨网闸数据传输</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level2 toc-link level2" href="#参考-注意事项">参考：注意事项</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level2 toc-link level2" href="#参考-参数说明">参考：参数说明</a></li><li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#source-参数">source 参数</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3 toc-link level3" href="#sink-参数">sink 参数</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><!-- |
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| --><h1 id="数据同步" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#数据同步" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 数据同步</h1><p>数据同步是工业物联网的典型需求，通过数据同步机制，可实现IoTDB之间的数据共享，搭建完整的数据链路来满足内网外网数据互通、端边云同步、数据迁移、数据备份等需求。</p><h2 id="功能介绍" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#功能介绍" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 功能介绍</h2><h3 id="同步任务概述" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#同步任务概述" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 同步任务概述</h3><p>一个数据同步任务包含2个阶段：</p><ul><li>抽取（Source）阶段：该部分用于从源 IoTDB 抽取数据，在SQL语句中的 source 部分定义</li><li>发送（Sink）阶段：该部分用于向目标 IoTDB 发送数据，在SQL语句中的 sink 部分定义</li></ul><p>通过 SQL 语句声明式地配置2个部分的具体内容，可实现灵活的数据同步能力。</p><h3 id="同步任务-创建" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#同步任务-创建" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 同步任务 - 创建</h3><p>使用 <code>CREATE PIPE</code> 语句来创建一条数据同步任务，下列属性中<code>PipeId</code>和<code>sink</code>为必填项，<code>source</code>和<code>processor</code>为选填项，输入SQL时注意 <code>SOURCE </code>与 <code>SINK</code> 插件顺序不能替换。</p><p>SQL 示例如下：</p><div class="language-SQL line-numbers-mode" data-ext="SQL"><pre class="language-SQL"><code>CREATE PIPE <PipeId> -- PipeId 是能够唯一标定任务任务的名字 |
| -- 数据抽取插件，必填插件 |
| WITH SOURCE ( |
| [<parameter> = <value>,], |
| -- 数据连接插件，必填插件 |
| WITH SINK ( |
| [<parameter> = <value>,], |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><blockquote><p>📌 注：使用数据同步功能，请保证接收端开启自动创建元数据</p></blockquote><h3 id="同步任务-管理" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#同步任务-管理" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 同步任务 - 管理</h3><p>数据同步任务有三种状态：RUNNING、STOPPED和DROPPED。任务状态转换如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/状态迁移图.png" alt="状态迁移图" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption>状态迁移图</figcaption></figure><p>一个数据同步任务在生命周期中会经过多种状态：</p><ul><li>RUNNING： 运行状态。</li><li>STOPPED： 停止状态。 <ul><li>说明1：任务的初始状态为停止状态，需要使用SQL语句启动任务</li><li>说明2：用户也可以使用SQL语句手动将一个处于运行状态的任务停止，此时状态会从 RUNNING 变为 STOPPED</li><li>说明3：当一个任务出现无法恢复的错误时，其状态会自动从 RUNNING 变为 STOPPED</li></ul></li><li>DROPPED：删除状态。</li></ul><p>我们提供以下SQL语句对同步任务进行状态管理。</p><h4 id="启动任务" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#启动任务" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 启动任务</h4><p>创建之后，任务不会立即被处理，需要启动任务。使用<code>START PIPE</code>语句来启动任务，从而开始处理数据：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>START PIPE<PipeId> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="停止任务" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#停止任务" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 停止任务</h4><p>停止处理数据：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>STOP PIPE <PipeId> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="删除任务" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#删除任务" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 删除任务</h4><p>删除指定任务：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>DROP PIPE <PipeId> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>删除任务不需要先停止同步任务。</p><h4 id="查看任务" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查看任务" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 查看任务</h4><p>查看全部任务：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>SHOW PIPES |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>查看指定任务：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>SHOW PIPE <PipeId> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="插件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#插件" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 插件</h3><p>为了使得整体架构更加灵活以匹配不同的同步场景需求，在上述同步任务框架中IoTDB支持进行插件组装。系统为您预置了一些常用插件可直接使用，同时您也可以自定义 sink 插件，并加载至IoTDB系统进行使用。</p><table><thead><tr><th>模块</th><th>插件</th><th>预置插件</th><th>自定义插件</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>抽取（Source）</td><td>Source 插件</td><td>iotdb-source</td><td>不支持</td></tr><tr><td>发送（Sink）</td><td>Sink 插件</td><td>iotdb-thrift-sink、iotdb-air-gap-sink</td><td>支持</td></tr></tbody></table><h4 id="预置插件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#预置插件" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 预置插件</h4><p>预置插件如下：</p><table><thead><tr><th>插件名称</th><th>类型</th><th>介绍</th><th>适用版本</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>iotdb-source</td><td>source 插件</td><td>默认的 source 插件，用于抽取 IoTDB 历史或实时数据</td><td>1.2.x</td></tr><tr><td>iotdb-thrift-sink</td><td>sink 插件</td><td>用于 IoTDB（v1.2.0及以上）与 IoTDB（v1.2.0及以上）之间的数据传输。使用 Thrift RPC 框架传输数据，多线程 async non-blocking IO 模型，传输性能高，尤其适用于目标端为分布式时的场景</td><td>1.2.x</td></tr><tr><td>iotdb-air-gap-sink</td><td>sink 插件</td><td>用于 IoTDB（v1.2.2+）向 IoTDB（v1.2.2+）跨单向数据网闸的数据同步。支持的网闸型号包括南瑞 Syskeeper 2000 等</td><td>1.2.1以上</td></tr></tbody></table><p>每个插件的详细参数可参考本文<a href="#sink-%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0">参数说明</a>章节。</p><h4 id="查看插件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查看插件" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 查看插件</h4><p>查看系统中的插件（含自定义与内置插件）可以用以下语句：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>SHOW PIPEPLUGINS |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>返回结果如下：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>IoTDB> show pipeplugins |
| +--------------------+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+ |
| | PluginName|PluginType| ClassName|PluginJar| |
| +--------------------+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+ |
| |DO-NOTHING-PROCESSOR| Builtin| org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.processor.DoNothingProcessor| | |
| | DO-NOTHING-SINK| Builtin| org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.sink.DoNothingSink| | |
| | IOTDB-AIR-GAP-SINK| Builtin|org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.sink.IoTDBAirGapSink| | |
| | IOTDB-SOURCE| Builtin| org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.source.IoTDBSOURCE| | |
| | IOTDB-THRIFT-SINK| Builtin|org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.sink.IoTDBThriftSinkr| | |
| | OPC-UA-SINK| Builtin| org.apache.iotdb.commons.pipe.plugin.builtin.sink.OpcUaSink| | |
| +--------------------+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+ |
| |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="使用示例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用示例" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 使用示例</h2><h3 id="全量数据同步" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#全量数据同步" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 全量数据同步</h3><p>本例子用来演示将一个 IoTDB 的所有数据同步至另一个IoTDB，数据链路如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/w1.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>在这个例子中，我们可以创建一个名为 A2B 的同步任务，用来同步 A IoTDB 到 B IoTDB 间的全量数据，这里需要用到用到 sink 的 iotdb-thrift-sink 插件（内置插件），需指定接收端地址，这个例子中指定了'sink.ip'和'sink.port'，也可指定'sink.node-urls'，如下面的示例语句：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe A2B |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='127.0.0.1', |
| 'sink.port'='6668' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="历史数据同步" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#历史数据同步" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 历史数据同步</h3><p>本例子用来演示同步某个历史时间范围（2023年8月23日8点到2023年10月23日8点）的数据至另一个IoTDB，数据链路如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/w2.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>在这个例子中，我们可以创建一个名为 A2B 的同步任务。首先我们需要在 source 中定义传输数据的范围，由于传输的是历史数据（历史数据是指同步任务创建之前存在的数据），所以需要将source.realtime.enable参数配置为false；同时需要配置数据的起止时间start-time和end-time以及传输的模式mode，此处推荐mode设置为 hybrid 模式（hybrid模式为混合传输，在无数据积压时采用实时传输方式，有数据积压时采用批量传输方式，并根据系统内部情况自动切换）。</p><p>详细语句如下：</p><div class="language-SQL line-numbers-mode" data-ext="SQL"><pre class="language-SQL"><code>create pipe A2B |
| WITH SOURCE ( |
| 'source'= 'iotdb-source', |
| 'source.realtime.enable' = 'false', |
| 'source.realtime.mode'='hybrid', |
| 'source.history.start-time' = '2023.08.23T08:00:00+00:00', |
| 'source.history.end-time' = '2023.10.23T08:00:00+00:00') |
| with SINK ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-async-sink', |
| 'sink.node-urls'='xxxx:6668', |
| 'sink.batch.enable'='false') |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="双向数据传输" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#双向数据传输" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 双向数据传输</h3><p>本例子用来演示两个 IoTDB 之间互为双活的场景，数据链路如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/w3.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>在这个例子中，为了避免数据无限循环，需要将A和B上的参数<code>source.forwarding-pipe-requests</code> 均设置为 <code>false</code>，表示不转发从另一pipe传输而来的数据。同时将<code>'source.history.enable'</code> 设置为 <code>false</code>，表示不传输历史数据，即不同步创建该任务前的数据。</p><p>详细语句如下：</p><p>在 A IoTDB 上执行下列语句：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe AB |
| with source ( |
| 'source.history.enable' = 'false', |
| 'source.forwarding-pipe-requests' = 'false', |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='127.0.0.1', |
| 'sink.port'='6668' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>在 B IoTDB 上执行下列语句：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe BA |
| with source ( |
| 'source.history.enable' = 'false', |
| 'source.forwarding-pipe-requests' = 'false', |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='127.0.0.1', |
| 'sink.port'='6667' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="级联数据传输" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#级联数据传输" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 级联数据传输</h3><p>本例子用来演示多个 IoTDB 之间级联传输数据的场景，数据由A集群同步至B集群，再同步至C集群，数据链路如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/w4.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>在这个例子中，为了将A集群的数据同步至C，在BC之间的pipe需要将 <code>source.forwarding-pipe-requests</code> 配置为<code>true</code>，详细语句如下：</p><p>在A IoTDB上执行下列语句，将A中数据同步至B：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe AB |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='127.0.0.1', |
| 'sink.port'='6668' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>在B IoTDB上执行下列语句，将B中数据同步至C：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe BC |
| with source ( |
| 'source.forwarding-pipe-requests' = 'true', |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-thrift-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='127.0.0.1', |
| 'sink.port'='6669' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="跨网闸数据传输" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#跨网闸数据传输" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 跨网闸数据传输</h3><p>本例子用来演示将一个 IoTDB 的数据，经过单向网闸，同步至另一个IoTDB的场景，数据链路如下图所示：</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/w5.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>在这个例子中，需要使用 sink 任务中的iotdb-air-gap-sink 插件（目前支持部分型号网闸，具体型号请联系天谋科技工作人员确认），配置网闸后，在 A IoTDB 上执行下列语句，其中ip和port填写网闸信息，详细语句如下：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>create pipe A2B |
| with sink ( |
| 'sink'='iotdb-air-gap-sink', |
| 'sink.ip'='10.53.53.53', |
| 'sink.port'='9780' |
| ) |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="参考-注意事项" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#参考-注意事项" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 参考：注意事项</h2><p>可通过修改 IoTDB 配置文件（iotdb-common.properties）以调整数据同步的参数，如同步数据存储目录等。完整配置如下：</p><div class="language-Go line-numbers-mode" data-ext="Go"><pre class="language-Go"><code>#################### |
| ### Pipe Configuration |
| #################### |
| |
| # Uncomment the following field to configure the pipe lib directory. |
| # For Windows platform |
| # If its prefix is a drive specifier followed by "\\", or if its prefix is "\\\\", then the path is |
| # absolute. Otherwise, it is relative. |
| # pipe_lib_dir=ext\\pipe |
| # For Linux platform |
| # If its prefix is "/", then the path is absolute. Otherwise, it is relative. |
| # pipe_lib_dir=ext/pipe |
| |
| # The maximum number of threads that can be used to execute the pipe subtasks in PipeSubtaskExecutor. |
| # The actual value will be min(pipe_subtask_executor_max_thread_num, max(1, CPU core number / 2)). |
| # pipe_subtask_executor_max_thread_num=5 |
| |
| # The connection timeout (in milliseconds) for the thrift client. |
| # pipe_connector_timeout_ms=900000 |
| |
| # The maximum number of selectors that can be used in the async connector. |
| # pipe_async_connector_selector_number=1 |
| |
| # The core number of clients that can be used in the async connector. |
| # pipe_async_connector_core_client_number=8 |
| |
| # The maximum number of clients that can be used in the async connector. |
| # pipe_async_connector_max_client_number=16 |
| |
| # Whether to enable receiving pipe data through air gap. |
| # The receiver can only return 0 or 1 in tcp mode to indicate whether the data is received successfully. |
| # pipe_air_gap_receiver_enabled=false |
| |
| # The port for the server to receive pipe data through air gap. |
| # pipe_air_gap_receiver_port=9780 |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="参考-参数说明" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#参考-参数说明" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 参考：参数说明</h2><h3 id="source-参数" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#source-参数" aria-hidden="true">#</a> source 参数</h3><table><thead><tr><th>key</th><th>value</th><th>value 取值范围</th><th>是否必填</th><th>默认取值</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>source</td><td>iotdb-source</td><td>String: iotdb-source</td><td>必填</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>source.pattern</td><td>用于筛选时间序列的路径前缀</td><td>String: 任意的时间序列前缀</td><td>选填</td><td>root</td></tr><tr><td>source.history.enable</td><td>是否同步历史数据</td><td>Boolean: true, false</td><td>选填</td><td>true</td></tr><tr><td>source.history.start-time</td><td>同步历史数据的开始 event time，包含 start-time</td><td>Long: [Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE]</td><td>选填</td><td>Long.MIN_VALUE</td></tr><tr><td>source.history.end-time</td><td>同步历史数据的结束 event time，包含 end-time</td><td>Long: [Long.MIN_VALUE, Long.MAX_VALUE]</td><td>选填</td><td>Long.MAX_VALUE</td></tr><tr><td>source.realtime.enable</td><td>是否同步实时数据</td><td>Boolean: true, false</td><td>选填</td><td>true</td></tr><tr><td>source.realtime.mode</td><td>实时数据的抽取模式</td><td>String: hybrid, stream, batch</td><td>选填</td><td>hybrid</td></tr><tr><td>source.forwarding-pipe-requests</td><td>是否转发由其他 Pipe （通常是数据同步）写入的数据</td><td>Boolean: true, false</td><td>选填</td><td>true</td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote><p>💎 <strong>说明：历史数据与实时数据的差异</strong></p><ul><li><strong>历史数据</strong>：所有 arrival time < 创建 pipe 时当前系统时间的数据称为历史数据</li><li><strong>实时数据</strong>：所有 arrival time >= 创建 pipe 时当前系统时间的数据称为实时数据</li><li><strong>全量数据</strong>: 全量数据 = 历史数据 + 实时数据</li></ul></blockquote><blockquote><p>💎 <strong>说明：数据抽取模式hybrid, stream和batch的差异</strong></p><ul><li><strong>hybrid（推荐）</strong>：该模式下，任务将优先对数据进行实时处理、发送，当数据产生积压时自动切换至批量发送模式，其特点是平衡了数据同步的时效性和吞吐量</li><li><strong>stream</strong>：该模式下，任务将对数据进行实时处理、发送，其特点是高时效、低吞吐</li><li><strong>batch</strong>：该模式下，任务将对数据进行批量（按底层数据文件）处理、发送，其特点是低时效、高吞吐</li></ul></blockquote><h3 id="sink-参数" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sink-参数" aria-hidden="true">#</a> sink 参数</h3><h4 id="iotdb-thrift-sink" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-thrift-sink" aria-hidden="true">#</a> iotdb-thrift-sink</h4><table><thead><tr><th>key</th><th>value</th><th>value 取值范围</th><th>是否必填</th><th>默认取值</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>sink</td><td>iotdb-thrift-sink 或 iotdb-thrift-sync-sink</td><td>String: iotdb-thrift-sink 或 iotdb-thrift-sync-sink</td><td>必填</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>sink.ip</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 其中一个 DataNode 节点的数据服务 ip（请注意同步任务不支持向自身服务进行转发）</td><td>String</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.node-urls 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.port</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 其中一个 DataNode 节点的数据服务 port（请注意同步任务不支持向自身服务进行转发）</td><td>Integer</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.node-urls 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.node-urls</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 任意多个 DataNode 节点的数据服务端口的 url（请注意同步任务不支持向自身服务进行转发）</td><td>String。例：'127.0.0.1:6667,127.0.0.1:6668,127.0.0.1:6669', '127.0.0.1:6667'</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.ip:sink.port 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.batch.enable</td><td>是否开启日志攒批发送模式，用于提高传输吞吐，降低 IOPS</td><td>Boolean: true, false</td><td>选填</td><td>true</td></tr><tr><td>sink.batch.max-delay-seconds</td><td>在开启日志攒批发送模式时生效，表示一批数据在发送前的最长等待时间（单位：s）</td><td>Integer</td><td>选填</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><td>sink.batch.size-bytes</td><td>在开启日志攒批发送模式时生效，表示一批数据最大的攒批大小（单位：byte）</td><td>Long</td><td>选填</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><h4 id="iotdb-air-gap-sink" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-air-gap-sink" aria-hidden="true">#</a> iotdb-air-gap-sink</h4><table><thead><tr><th>key</th><th>value</th><th>value 取值范围</th><th>是否必填</th><th>默认取值</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>sink</td><td>iotdb-air-gap-sink</td><td>String: iotdb-air-gap-sink</td><td>必填</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>sink.ip</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 其中一个 DataNode 节点的数据服务 ip</td><td>String</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.node-urls 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.port</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 其中一个 DataNode 节点的数据服务 port</td><td>Integer</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.node-urls 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.node-urls</td><td>目标端 IoTDB 任意多个 DataNode 节点的数据服务端口的 url</td><td>String。例：'127.0.0.1:6667,127.0.0.1:6668,127.0.0.1:6669', '127.0.0.1:6667'</td><td>选填</td><td>与 sink.ip:sink.port 任选其一填写</td></tr><tr><td>sink.air-gap.handshake-timeout-ms</td><td>发送端与接收端在首次尝试建立连接时握手请求的超时时长，单位：毫秒</td><td>Integer</td><td>选填</td><td>5000</td></tr></tbody></table></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/zh/UserGuide/latest/User-Manual/Data-Sync_timecho.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" 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