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| <a href="index.html">Xalan XSL Transformer User's Guide</a> |
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| <td valign="middle">Xalan-Java Overview</td> |
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| <div id="content"> |
| <h2>Xalan-Java Overview</h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#intro">Introduction</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#features">Xalan-Java Features</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#towork">Getting to work with Xalan-Java</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#uptospeed">Getting up to speed with XSLT</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#glossary">Glossary</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <a name="intro"></a> |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| <h3>Introduction</h3> |
| <p>Xalan-Java fully implements <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0</a> |
| and the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0</a>. XSLT is the first part of the XSL stylesheet language for |
| XML. It includes the XSL Transformation vocabulary and XPath, a language for addressing parts of |
| XML documents. For links to background materials, discussion groups, frequently asked questions, |
| and tutorials on XSLT, see <a href="#uptospeed">Getting up to speed with XSLT</a>.</p> |
| <table class="note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="noteImg"> |
| <img src="resources/note.gif" alt="note" /> |
| </td> |
| <td class="noteTxt">XSL also includes a vocabulary for formatting documents, which is not part of Xalan-Java. |
| For more information, see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl">Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.0</a> and the <a href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop">Apache XmlGraphics FOP (Formatting Objects Project)</a>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| <p>XSL stylesheets are written in the XSLT language. An XSL stylesheet contains instructions |
| for transforming XML documents into XML, HTML, XHTML or plain text. In structural terms, an XSL |
| stylesheet specifies the transformation of one tree of |
| nodes (the XML input) into another tree of nodes (the output or transformation result).</p> |
| <table class="note"> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="noteImg"> |
| <img src="resources/note.gif" alt="note" /> |
| </td> |
| <td class="noteTxt">The XSL stylesheet may generate and refer to cascading style sheets (<a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/">CSS</a>) as part of its output.</td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| <p>In the following example, the foo.xsl stylesheet is used to transform foo.xml into foo.out:</p> |
| <p>foo.xml:</p> |
| <blockquote class="source"> |
| <pre><?xml version="1.0"?> |
| <doc>Hello</doc></pre> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>foo.xsl:</p> |
| <blockquote class="source"> |
| <pre><?xml version="1.0"?> |
| <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> |
| <xsl:template match="doc"> |
| <out><xsl:value-of select="."/></out> |
| </xsl:template> |
| </xsl:stylesheet></pre> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>foo.out:</p> |
| <blockquote class="source"> |
| <pre><out>Hello</out></pre> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>By default, Xalan-Java uses Xerces-Java, but it may be configured with system properties to work with |
| other XML parsers (see <a href="usagepatterns.html#plug">Plugging in a Transformer and |
| XML parser</a>). The input may be submitted in the form of a stream of XML markup (from a URI, |
| a character or byte stream, or another transformation), a SAX InputStream, or a DOM Node.</p> |
| <p>Xalan-Java performs the transformations specified in the XSL stylesheet and packages a sequence of |
| SAX events that may be serialized to an output stream or writer, used to build a DOM tree, or |
| forwarded as input to another transformation.</p> |
| |
| |
| <a name="features"></a> |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| <h3>Xalan-Java Features</h3> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Includes an Interpretive processor for use in a tooling and debugging environment and |
| a Compiling processor (XSLTC) for use in a high performance runtime environment.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Implements the relevant W3C specifications: <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0</a> and |
| <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0</a>.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Implements <a href="https://jaxp.java.net/">Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) 1.3</a>, and builds on |
| <a href="http://sax.sourceforge.net/">SAX 2</a> and <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-DOM-Level-3-Core-20040407/">DOM level 3</a>.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Implements the XPath API in <a href="https://jaxp.java.net/">JAXP 1.3</a>.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>May be configured to work with any XML parser, such as |
| <a href="http://xml.apache.org/xerces-j/index.html">Xerces-Java</a>, that implements |
| <a href="https://jaxp.java.net/">JAXP 1.3</a> (see <a href="usagepatterns.html#plug">Plugging in an XML |
| parser</a>).<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Can process Stream, SAX or DOM input, and output to a Stream, SAX or DOM.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Transformations may be chained (the output of one transformation may be the input for |
| another).<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>May be run from the <a href="commandline.html">command line</a> for convenient file-to-file |
| transformations.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Includes an <a href="usagepatterns.html#applet">applet wrapper</a>.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>May be used in a <a href="samples.html#servlet">servlet</a> to transform XML documents |
| into HTML and serve the results to clients.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Supports the creation of <a href="extensions.html">Java and scripting language extensions</a>. |
| and provides a growing library of extension elements and functions.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| |
| <a name="towork"></a> |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| <h3>Getting to work with Xalan-Java</h3> |
| <p>For instructions and some suggestions about how to get started using the XSLT Interpretive |
| processor, see <a href="getstarted.html">Getting Started with Interpretive Processing</a>.</p> |
| <p>For instructions and some suggestions about how to get started using the XSLT Compiling |
| processor, see <a href="xsltc_usage.html">Getting Started with XSLTC</a>.</p> |
| |
| |
| <a name="uptospeed"></a> |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| <h3>Getting up to speed with XSLT</h3> |
| <p>If you are still working through the details of the XSLT spec (the W3C 1.0 Recommendation), you |
| may want to consult one or more of the following:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>XSLT - XSL Transformations in |
| <a href="http://www.brics.dk/~amoeller/XML/"> |
| The XML Revolution: Technologies for the future Web</a> by Anders Møller and Michael |
| I. Schwartzbach (Web pages, but designed for sequential reading)<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Crane Softwright's <a href="http://www.CraneSoftwrights.com/training/">Free preview of |
| Practical Transformation Using XSLT and XPath</a> |
| <br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Doug Tidwell's <a href="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/xslt/">XSLT</a>, O'Reilly, 2001 |
| <br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Bob Ducharme's <a href="http://www.manning.com/ducharme/index.html">XSLT Quickly</a>, |
| Manning Publications, 2001<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>John Robert Gardner and Zarella Rendon's |
| <a href="http://vig.prenhall.com/catalog/academic/product/1,4096,0130404462,00.html">XSLT |
| and XPath: A Guide to Transformations</a>, Prentice-Hall, 2001<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Michael Kay's <a href="http://www.wrox.com/books/0764543814.shtml">XSLT |
| Programmer's Reference</a>, 2nd ed., Wrox Press, 2001<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>Dave Pawson's <a href="http://www.dpawson.co.uk/xsl/">XSL Frequently Asked Questions</a> to search out particular answers and |
| techniques<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Miloslav Nic's <a href="http://zvon.vscht.cz/HTMLonly/XSLTutorial/Books/Book1/index.html">XSL |
| Tutorial</a>, a collection of stylesheet examples<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Elliotte Rusty Harold's <a href="http://www.ibiblio.org/xml/books/bible2/chapters/ch17.html"> |
| Chapter 17 of the XML Bible: XSL Transformations</a> |
| <br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>The Mulberry <a href="http://www.mulberrytech.com/xsl/xsl-list/">XSL-List -- Open Forum on |
| XSL</a> (of interest to XSL users at all levels)<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>Objects by Design's <a href="http://www.objectsbydesign.com/projects/xmi_to_html.html"> |
| Transforming XMI to HTML</a> (oriented towards XMI, "an XML-based, stream representation |
| of a UML model," but also covers "generic" XML transformations) and their related |
| <a href="http://objectsbydesign.com/projects/xslt/xslt_by_example.html">XSLT by Example</a> |
| <br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| <li>OASIS (the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards): |
| <a href="http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/xsl.html">Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)</a> |
| by Robin Cover<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>When you come across other useful introductory or background materials, please email |
| <a href="mailto:dev@xalan.apache.org">Xalan Development Mailing List</a>, so we can add them to this list.</p> |
| |
| <a name="glossary"></a> |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| <h3>Glossary</h3> |
| <div class="glossary"> |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>XSLT Namespace</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">XML namespace</a> for XSLT. An XML |
| namespace is a collection of element and attribute names, identified by a Unique Resource |
| Identifier (URI), which often takes the form of a URL, but is really just a unique string, |
| not a pointer to a web page. The XSLT namespace URI is http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform. |
| In each XSLT stylesheet, you must declare this namespace in the stylesheet element tag and |
| bind it to a local prefix. Like the XSLT specification, we always use xsl as the XSLT |
| namespace prefix in our descriptions and examples, although you are free to bind any prefix |
| to this namespace.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>XSL Instruction</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">Any tag associated with the XSLT namespace.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>Template</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">An element, usually with child elements, that specifies a "rule" or set of |
| instructions to perform when a particular kind of node is encountered in the source |
| tree.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>XSL Template Instruction</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">Any tag that occurs inside an xsl:template element and is associated with the XSLT |
| namespace.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>Source Tree</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">The XML tree input to the XSL process.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>Result Tree</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">The tree that is output by the XSL process.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p class="label"> |
| <em>Match Pattern</em> |
| </p> |
| <blockquote class="item">The part of a template that defines the kind(s) of nodes to which the template |
| applies.<br /> |
| <br /> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| </div> |
| <p>For more definitions of XSLT terminology, see Dave Pawson's |
| <a href="http://www.dpawson.co.uk/xsl/xslvocab.html">XSLT Terminology |
| Clarification</a> and the Glossary in Michael Kay's |
| <a href="http://www.wrox.com/books/0764543814.shtml">XSLT Programmer's Reference</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p align="right" size="2"> |
| <a href="#content">(top)</a> |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="footer">Copyright © 1999-2014 The Apache Software Foundation<br />Apache, Xalan, and the Feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation<div class="small">Web Page created on - Thu 2014-05-15</div> |
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