package org.apache.velocity.tools.generic;

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.velocity.tools.Scope;
import org.apache.velocity.tools.config.DefaultKey;
import org.apache.velocity.tools.config.InvalidScope;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import com.github.cliftonlabs.json_simple.JsonArray;
import com.github.cliftonlabs.json_simple.JsonObject;
import com.github.cliftonlabs.json_simple.Jsoner;

/**
 * <p>Tool which can parse a JSON file.</p>
 * <p>Usage:</p>
 * <ul>
 *     <li>$json.parse(<i>JSON string</i>)</li>
 *     <li>$json.read(<i>file or classpath resource</i>)</li>
 *     <li>$json.fetch(<i>URL</i>)</li>
 * </ul>
 * <p>Configuration parameters:</p>
 * <ul>
 *     <li><code>resource</code>=<i>file or classpath resource</i></li>
 *     <li><code>source</code>=<i>URL</i></li>
 * </ul>
 * <p>Example configuration:</p>
 * <pre>
 * &lt;tools&gt;
 *   &lt;toolbox scope="request"&gt;
 *     &lt;tool class="org.apache.velocity.tools.generic.JsonTool"
 *              key="foo" resource="doc.xml"/&gt;
 *   &lt;/toolbox&gt;
 * &lt;/tools&gt;
 * </pre>
 * @author Claude Brisson
 * @since VelocityTools 3.0
 * @version $Id:$
 */

// JSONObject isn't (yet?) Serializable, so session scope is invalid
@DefaultKey("json")
@InvalidScope(Scope.SESSION)
public class JsonTool extends ImportSupport implements Iterable, Serializable
{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6239459645862004347L;

    /**
     * ImportSupport utility which provides underlying i/o
     */
    protected transient ImportSupport importSupport = null;

    /**
     * ImportSupport initialization
     * @param config configuration values
     */
    protected synchronized void initializeImportSupport(ValueParser config)
    {
        if (importSupport == null)
        {
            importSupport = new ImportSupport();
            importSupport.configure(config);
        }
    }

    private JsonContent root = null;

    /**
     * Looks for the "file" parameter and automatically uses
     * {@link #initJSON(String)} to parse the file (searched in filesystem current path and classpath) and set the
     * resulting JSON object as the root node for this instance.
     * @param values configuration values
     */
    protected void configure(ValueParser values)
    {
        super.configure(values);
        initializeImportSupport(values);
        String resource = values.getString(ImportSupport.RESOURCE_KEY);
        if (resource != null)
        {
            read(resource);
        }
        else
        {
            String url = values.getString(ImportSupport.URL_KEY);
            if (url != null)
            {
                /* temporary disable safe mode */
                boolean safeMode = importSupport.isSafeMode();
                importSupport.setSafeMode(false);
                fetch(url);
                importSupport.setSafeMode(safeMode);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Initialize JSON content from a string.
     * @param json JSON string
     */
    protected void initJSON(String json)
    {
        if (json != null)
        {
            initJSON(new StringReader(json));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Initialize JSON content from a reader.
     * @param reader JSON stream reader
     */
    protected void initJSON(Reader reader)
    {
        try
        {
            Object result = Jsoner.deserialize(reader);
            if (result instanceof JsonObject)
            {
                root = new JsonContent((JsonObject)result);
            }
            else if (result instanceof JsonArray)
            {
                root = new JsonContent((JsonArray)result);
            }
            else throw new Exception("Expecting JSON array or object");
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            getLog().error("error while setting up JSON source", e);
            root = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Parses the given JSON string and uses the resulting {@link Document}
     * as the root {@link Node}.
     * @param json JSON string
     * @return new JsonTool
     */
    public JsonTool parse(String json)
    {
        if (json != null)
        {
            try
            {
                initJSON(json);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                getLog().error("could not parse given JSON string", e);
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Reads and parses a local JSON resource file
     * @param resource resource name
     * @return new JsonTool
     */
    public JsonTool read(String resource)
    {
        if (resource != null)
        {
            Reader reader = null;
            try
            {
                if (importSupport == null)
                {
                    initializeImportSupport(new ValueParser());
                }
                reader = importSupport.getResourceReader(resource);
                if (reader != null)
                {
                    initJSON(reader);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                getLog().error("could not read JSON resource {}", resource, e);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (reader != null)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        reader.close();
                    }
                    catch (IOException ioe) {}
                }
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Reads and parses a remote or local URL
     * @param url resource URL
     * @return new JSonTool
     */
    public JsonTool fetch(String url)
    {
        if (url != null)
        {
            Reader reader = null;
            try
            {
                if (importSupport == null)
                {
                    initializeImportSupport(new ValueParser());
                }
                reader = importSupport.acquireReader(url);
                if (reader != null)
                {
                    initJSON(reader);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                getLog().error("could not fetch JSON content from URL {}", url, e);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (reader != null)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        reader.close();
                    }
                    catch (IOException ioe) {}
                }
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
     * Get JSON root object.
     * @return root object or array
     */
    public Object root()
    {
        return root;
    }

    /**
     * Get nth element from root json array.
     * @param index n
     * @return nth element, or null if root object is null or not an array
     */
    public Object get(int index)
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.get(index);
    }

    /**
     * Get a property from root object
     * @param key property key
     * @return property value, or null
     */
    public Object get(String key)
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * Iterate keys of root object.
     * @return iterator
     */
    public Iterator<String> keys()
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.keys();
    }

    /**
     * Get set of root object keys.
     * @return keys set
     */
    public Set<String> keySet()
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.keySet();
    }

    /**
     * Get an iterator. For a root object, returns an iterator over key names. For a root array, returns an iterator
     * over contained objects.
     * @return iterator
     */
    public Iterator iterator()
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.iterator();
    }

    /**
     * Get size of root object or array.
     * @return size
     */
    public int size()
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.size();
    }

    /**
     * Convert JSON object or array into string
     * @return JSON representation of the root object or array
     */
    public String toString()
    {
        return root == null ? null : root.toString();
    }
}