Installing VCL 2.3.2

Install & Configure:
I. Database
II. Web Components
III. Management Node Components
IV. Adding LDAP authentication

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I. Install & Configure the Database
   1. Download & Extract the Apache VCL Source
      a. If you have not already done so, download and the Apache VCL source to
         the database server: 

         wget --trust-server-names http://vcl.apache.org/downloads/download.cgi?action=download&filename=%2Fvcl%2Fapache-VCL-2.3.2.tar.bz2

      b. Extract the files: 

         tar -jxvf apache-VCL-2.3.2.tar.bz2

   2. Install MySQL Server
      a. Install MySQL Server 5.x: 

         yum install mysql-server -y 

      b. Configure the MySQL daemon (mysqld) to start automatically: 

         /sbin/chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on 

      c. Start the MySQL daemon: 

         /sbin/service mysqld start 

      d. If the iptables firewall is being used and the web server and
         management nodes will be on different machines, port 3306 should be
         opend up

         Note the following rules are for Red Hat based distros.

         vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

         Insert the following under the RH-Firewall-1-INPUT chain, changing
         <web server IP> and <management node IP> to match your configuration.

         -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -s <web server IP> -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
         -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -s <management node IP> -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
         service iptables restart

         For more info on iptables:
         man iptables

   3. Create the VCL Database
      a. Run the MySQL command-line client: 

         mysql 

      b. Create a database: 

         CREATE DATABASE vcl; 

      c. Create a user with SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and 
         CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES privileges on the database you just created:
         
         Replace vcluser and vcluserpassword in the SQL statement with that of
         the user you want to use to connect to the database. The GRANT command
         will automatically create the user if it doesn't already exist.

         GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES ON vcl.* TO 'vcluser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'vcluserpassword'; 

      d. Exit the MySQL command-line client: 

         exit 

      e. Import the vcl.sql file into the database: 

         mysql vcl < apache-VCL-2.3.2/mysql/vcl.sql

         The vcl.sql file is included in the mysql directory within the Apache
         VCL source code 

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II. Install & Configure the Web Components

   Prerequisites:

   The following instructions assume these tasks have previously been completed:
      * Apache VCL 2.3.2 has been downloaded
      * VCL database has been installed and configured

   Web Server:
      * Apache HTTP Server v1.3 or v2.x with SSL enabled
      * PHP 5.0 or later
      The VCL web frontend may run under other web server platforms capable of
      running PHP code, but has only been tested to work with Apache HTTP Server
   
   Required Linux Packages(See II.1 section below on installing)
      * httpd - Apache HTTP Server
      * mod_ssl - SSL/TLS module for the Apache HTTP server
      * php - The PHP HTML-embedded scripting language
   
   Required PHP Modules(See II.1 section below on installing):
   (Some of these may already be included with your PHP distribution)
      * php-gd
      * php-json (required if your PHP version is 5.2 or later)
      * php-mysql
      * php-openssl
      * php-sysvsem
      * php-xml
      * php-xmlrpc
      * php-ldap (if you will be using LDAP authentication)
      * php-process (for RHEL/CentOS 6)
      
   1. Install the Required Linux Packages & PHP Modules
      a. If your web server is running a Red Hat-based OS, the required
         components can be installed with: 

         For RHEL / CentOS 5
         yum install httpd mod_ssl php php-gd php-mcrypt php-mysql php-xml php-xmlrpc php-ldap -y 

         For RHEL / CentOS 6
         yum install httpd mod_ssl php php-gd php-mcrypt php-mysql php-xml php-xmlrpc php-ldap php-process -y 

         Note: You may need the optional server rpm repository for the
         php-process package; to add this run the following command:
         rhn-channel --add --channel=rhel-x86_64-server-optional-6

      b. Configure the web server daemon (httpd) to start automatically: 

         /sbin/chkconfig --level 345 httpd on 

      c. Start the web server daemon: 

         /sbin/service httpd start 

      d. If SELinux is enabled, run the following command to allow the web
         server to connect to the database: 

         /usr/sbin/setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect=1 

      e. If the iptables firewall is being used, port 80 and 443 should be
         opened up:

         vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

         Insert the following lines.
         -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
         -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
         service iptables restart

   2. Install the VCL Frontend Web Code
      a. Copy the web directory to a location under the web root of your web
         server and navigate to the destination .ht-inc subdirectory: 

         cp -r apache-VCL-2.3.2/web/ /var/www/html/vcl
         cd /var/www/html/vcl/.ht-inc 

      b. Copy secrets-default.php to secrets.php: 

         cp secrets-default.php secrets.php 

      c. Edit the secrets.php file: 

         vi secrets.php 

         * Set the following variables to match your database configuration: 
            * $vclhost
            * $vcldb
            * $vclusername
            * $vclpassword
         * Create random passwords for the following variables: 
            * $cryptkey
            * $pemkey
         * Save the secrets.php file

      d. Run the genkeys.sh script

         ./genkeys.sh 

      e. Copy conf-default.php to conf.php: 

         cp conf-default.php conf.php 

      f. Modify conf.php to match your site 

         vi conf.php 

         Modify every entry under "Things in this section must be modified".
         Descriptions and pointers for each value are included within conf.php. 
         * COOKIEDOMAIN - set this to the domain name your web server is using
           or leave it blank if you are only accessing the web server by its IP
           address
      g. Set the owner of the .ht-inc/maintenance directory to the web server
         user (normally 'apache'): 

         chown apache maintenance 

      h. Open the testsetup.php page in a web browser: 
         * If you set up your site to be https://my.server.org/vcl/ open
           https://my.server.org/vcl/testsetup.php
         * Debug any issues reported by testsetup.php

   3. Log In to the VCL Website
      a. Open the index.php page (https://my.server.org/vcl/index.php) 
         * Select Local Account
         * Username: admin
         * Password: adminVc1passw0rd
      b. Set the admin user password (optional): 
         * Click User Preferences
         * Enter the current password: adminVc1passw0rd
         * Enter a new password
         * Click Submit Changes

   4. Add a Management Node to the Database
      a. Click the Management Nodes link 
         * Click Add
         * Fill in these required fields: 
           * Hostname - The name of the management node server. This value
             doesn't necessarily need to be a name registered in DNS nor does it
             need to be the value displayed by the Linux hostname command. For
             example, if you are installing all of the VCL components on the
             same machine you can set this value to localhost.
           * IP address - enter the IP address that matches the hostname you
             entered (if you entered localhost for hostname, use 127.0.0.1)
           * Owner - probably admin@Local
           * SysAdmin Email Address - error emails will be sent to this address
             (not required, but a really good idea to fill in)
           * Install Path - this is parent directory under which image files
             will be stored - only required if doing bare metal installs or
             using VMWare with local disks
           * End Node SSH Identity Key Files - probably just enter
             "/etc/vcl/vcl.key"
         * Optionally, fill in these fields: 
           * Address for Shadow Emails - End users are sent various emails
             about the status of their reservations. If this field is
             configured, copies of all of those emails will be sent to this
             address.
           * Public NIC configuration method - this defaults to Dynamic DHCP -
             if DHCP is not available for the public interface of your nodes,
             you can set this to Static. Then, the IP configuration on the
             nodes will be manually set using Public Netmask, Public Gateway,
             Public DNS Server, and the IP address set for the computer under
             Manage Computers
      b. Click Confirm Management Node
      c. Click Submit
      d. Click the Management Nodes link 
         * Select Edit Management Node Grouping
         * Click Submit
         * Select the checkbox for your management node
         * Click Submit Changes

   5. Install & Configure phpMyAdmin (Optional):
      phpMyAdmin is a free and optional tool which allows MySQL to be 
      administered using a web browser. It makes administering the VCL database 
      easier. This tool can be installed on the VCL web server.  To install 
      phpMyAdmin, follow the instructions on:

            VCL 2.3.2 phpMyAdmin Installation & Configuration
            http://vcl.apache.org/docs/installphpmyadmin.html

      Further steps if using only VMWare

         If you will only be using bare metal provisioning, you can skip down to
         "Further steps if using xCAT".

         If you are using standalone VMware servers (i.e. ones that VCL did not
         deploy using xCAT), you first need to configure a VM Profile to match
         your setup. Next, add the VMWare servers. Then, you need to add the
         virtual machines. You can either add them individually (Adding
         Individual VMWare Servers/Virtual Machines), or if they have sequential
         hostnames and IP addresses, you can add them all at once (Adding
         Multiple VMWare Servers/Virtual Machines).

         Once you have added at least one computer, you can add more computers
         by going to Manage Computers->Edit Computer Information and clicking
         Add Single Computer or Add Multiple Computers.

         Configure VM Profile(s)

            1. Click Virtual Hosts
            2. Select the VM Host Profiles tab
            3. Select a profile whose name matches your setup or click New
               Profile...
               a. If using an existing profile, click Configure Profile
               b. If creating a new profile:
                   i. Enter the name of the profile
                  ii. Click Create Profile

            4. Configure the profile to match your setup. Hover over any ? icons
               to get further information about that field. More information is
               available on the VMware Configuration page:

               http://vcl.apache.org/docs/vmwareconfiguration.html

            NOTE: Just click on the text of any field you want to edit to change
            it.  After changing it, click somewhere else to save the changed
            value for that field. Changes are immediate; there is no "save"
            button for this tab.

         Adding Individual VMware Servers

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select the Add Single Computer radio button
            3. Click Submit
            4. Fill in the following:
               * Hostname
               * Type - blade
               * Public IP Address
               * Private IP Address (optional)
               * Public MAC Address (optional)
               * Private MAC Address (optional)
               * Provisioning Engine - "None"
               * State - vmhostinuse
               * VM Host Profile - use a default profile or one configured in
                 the previous step
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * No. Cores
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Physical Location (optional)
               * Click the checkbox under allComputers
            5. Click Confirm Computer
            6. Click Submit
               * The computer you just added isn't listed after clicking Submit.
                 This is not a problem.                                                     

         Adding Multiple VMWare Servers

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select the Add Multiple Computers radio button
            3. Click Submit
            4. Fill in the following:
               * Hostname - the hostnames of all the computers must have a
                 numerical part that is sequential, use a % as a placeholder
                 where that part would be
               * Start value - the first number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * End value - the last number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * Type - blade
               * Start Public IP Address - if using static public addresses, the
                 IP addresses must be sequential; enter the first address here;
                 if using DHCP, just enter something like 1.1.1.1
               * End Public IP address - the last IP address of the sequence; if
                 using DHCP, you'll need to enter something that would work out
                 to the last address relative to Start Public IP Address (i.e.
                 if adding 3 computers, use 1.1.1.1 for start and 1.1.1.3 for
                 end)
               * Start Private IP Address (optional) - the IP addresses must be
                 sequential; enter the first private address here
               * End Private IP address (optional) - the last IP address of the
                 sequence
               * Start MAC Address (optional) - if MAC addresses are sequential,
                 with the first one being the private MAC address for the first
                 computer, the second one being the public MAC address for the
                 first computer, the third one being the private MAC address of
                 the second computer, etc, you can enter the first one here and
                 then have the option of downloading data to add to your
                 dhcpd.conf file from the Computer Utilities page
               * Provisioning Engine - "None"
               * State - vmhostinuse
               * VM Host Profile - use a default profile or one configured in
                 the previous step
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * No. Cores
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Physical Location (optional)
               * Click the checkbox under allComputers
            5. Click Confirm Computers
            6. Click Submit

         Adding Individual Virtual Machines

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select Edit Computer Information
            3. Click Submit
            4. Click Add Single Computer
            5. Fill in the following:
               * Hostname
               * Type - virtualmachine
               * Public IP Address
               * Private IP Address
               * Public MAC Address
               * Private MAC Address

                 NOTE: For VMware virtual machines, the MAC addresses you choose
                 must be in the range 00:50:56:00:00:00 - 00:50:56:3F:FF:FF. Pay
                 special attention to the upper bound of this range. 
                 00:50:56:40:00:00 - 00:50:56:FF:FF:FF are NOT valid VMware
                 virtual machines.

               * Provisioning Engine - VMware or Libvirt Virtualization API
               * State - maintenance
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * No. Cores
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Check All VM Computers and newvmimages
            6. Click Confirm Computer
            7. Click Submit

         Adding Multiple Virtual Machines

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select Edit Computer Information
            3. Click Submit
            4. Click Add Multiple Computers
            5. Fill in the following:
               * Hostname - the hostnames of all the computers must have a
                 numerical part that is sequential, use a % as a placeholder
                 where that part would be
               * Start value - the first number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * End value - the last number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * Type - virtualmachine
               * Start Public IP Address - if using static public addresses, the
                 IP addresses must be sequential; enter the first address here;
                 if using DHCP, just enter something like 1.1.1.1
               * End Public IP address - the last IP address of the sequence; if
                 using DHCP, you'll need to enter something that would work out
                 to the last address relative to Start Public IP Address (i.e.
                 if adding 3 computers, use 1.1.1.1 for start and 1.1.1.3 for
                 end)
               * Start Private IP Address - similar to Start IP Address, but for
                 the private side
               * End Private IP Address - similar to the End IP Address but for
                 the private side
               * Start MAC Address - if MAC addresses are sequential, with the
                 first one being the private MAC address for the first computer,
                 the second one being the public MAC address for the first
                 computer, the third one being the private MAC address of the
                 second computer, etc, you can enter the first one here and then
                 have the option of downloading data to add to your dhcpd.conf
                 file from the Computer Utilities page

                 NOTE: For VMware virtual machines, the MAC addresses you choose
                 must be in the range 00:50:56:00:00:00 - 00:50:56:3F:FF:FF. Pay
                 special attention to the upper bound of this range. 
                 00:50:56:40:00:00 - 00:50:56:FF:FF:FF are NOT valid VMware
                 virtual machines.

               * Provisioning Engine - VMware or Libvirt Virtualization API
               * State - maintenance
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * No. Cores
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Check All VM Computers and newvmimages
            6. Click Confirm Computers
            7. Click Submit

         Assign Virtual Machine(s) to a Virtual Host

            1. Click Virtual Hosts
            2. On the VM Hosts tab, select the virtual host server added
               previously
            3. Click Configure Host, You should see VM limit set to a number
               along with the vm profile, two columns of VMs assigned to host
               and Unassigned VMs
            4. Adjust the VM limit to the desired number of vms you would like
               to run on this host

               Please consult your hypervisor documentation for the recommended
               number of virtual machines to run concurrently for your virtual
               server configuration.

            5. Select the virtual machine nodes from the Unassigned VMs: column
            6. Click Add

         Add entries to dhcpd.conf

            You need to add entries for your VMs to your dhcpd.conf file so that
            they will correctly be assigned their private addresses at boot.

             1. Click Manage Computers
             2. Select the All VM Computers group in the list at the top
             3. Select the Computer Utilities radio button
             4. Click Submit
             5. Click the Check All link at the bottom of the table
             6. Next to "For selected computers, generate computer data for",
                select "dhcpd"
             7. Click Generate Data
             8. Enter the private IP address for your management node
             9. Click Generate Data
            10. Copy/Paste the data for dhcpd.conf to the dhcpd.conf file on
                your management node (ignore the part for dhcpd.leases)
            11. Restart dhcpd:
   
                service dhcpd restart
   
            12. Scroll to the bottom and click Close

         Add entries to /etc/hosts

            You need to add entries for your VM hosts and VMs to /etc/hosts

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select the All VM Computers and the allComputers groups in the
               list at the top
            3. Select the Computer Utilities radio button
            4. Click Submit
            5. Click the Check All link at the bottom of the table
            6. Next to "For selected computers, generate computer data for",
               select /etc/hosts
            7. Click Generate Data
            8. Copy/Paste the data to your /etc/hosts file
            9. Click Close

      Further steps if using xCAT

         If you will not be doing bare metal provisioning, you can skip down to
         "III. Install & Configure the Management Node Components".

         Once you have added at least one computer, you can add more computers
         by going to Manage Computers->Edit Computer Information and clicking
         Add Single Computer or Add Multiple Computers".

         Adding Individual Computers

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select the Add Single Computer radio button
            3. Click Submit
            4. Fill in the following:
               * Hostname
               * Type - blade
               * Public IP Address
               * Private IP Address (optional)
               * Public MAC Address (optional)
               * Private MAC Address (optional)
               * Provisioning Engine - xCAT 2.x
               * State - available (or maintenance if you do not want it to be
                 immediately available)
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * No. Cores
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Physical Location (optional)
               * Click the checkboxs under allComputers and newimages
            5. Click Confirm Computer
            6. Click Submit
               NOTE: The computer you just added isn't listed after clicking
                     Submit. This is not a problem.

         Adding Multiple Computers

            1. click "Manage Computers"
            2. select the "Add Multiple Computers" radio button
            3. click Submit
            4. fill in
               * Hostname - the hostnames of all the computers must have a
                 numerical part that is sequential, use a % as a placeholder
                 where that part would be
               * Start value - the first number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * End value - the last number of the numerical part of the
                 hostname
               * Type - blade
               * Start Public IP Address - if using static public addresses,
                 the IP addresses must be sequential; enter the first address
                 here; if using DHCP, just enter something like 1.1.1.1
               * End Public IP address - the last IP address of the sequence; if
                 using DHCP, you'll need to enter something that would work out
                 to the last address relative to Start IP Address (i.e. if
                 adding 3 computers, use 1.1.1.1 for start and 1.1.1.3 for end)
               * Start Private IP Address (optional) - the IP addresses must be
                 sequential; enter the first private address here
               * End Private IP Address (optional) - the last IP address of the
                 sequence
               * Start MAC Address (optional) - if MAC addresses are sequential,
                 with the first one being the private MAC address for the first
                 computer, the second one being the public MAC address for the
                 first computer, the third one being the private MAC address of
                 the second computer, etc, you can enter the first one here and
                 then have the option of downloading data to add to your
                 dhcpd.conf file from the Computer Utilities page
               * Provisioning Engine - xCAT 2.x
               * State - available (or maintenance if you do not want them to be
                 immediately available)
               * Owner - admin@Local
               * RAM
               * Processor Speed
               * Network Speed
               * Click the checkboxs under allComputers and newimages
            5. Click Confirm Computers
            6. Click Submit
               NOTE: The computer you just added isn't listed after clicking
                     Submit. This is not a problem.

         Add entries to /etc/hosts

            You need to add entries for your nodes to /etc/hosts

            1. Click Manage Computers
            2. Select the allComputers group in the list at the top
            3. Select the Computer Utilities radio button
            4. Click Submit
            5. Click the Check All link at the bottom of the table
            6. Next to "For selected computers, generate computer data for",
               select /etc/hosts
            7. Click Generate Data
            8. Copy/Paste the data to your /etc/hosts file
            9. Click Close

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III. Install & Configure the Management Node Components

   Supported Operating Systems:

      The VCL management node daemon (vcld) has been developed to run on an
      operating system based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). It has been
      tested on the following:
         * Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.x
         * Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.x
         * Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.x
         * CentOS 5.x
         * CentOS 6.x
      
   Required Linux Packages:

      The VCL management node daemon (vcld) requires the following Linux
      packages and Perl modules in order to run (see step 2 below for
      installation instructions):
         * expat - A library for parsing XML
         * expat-devel - Libraries and include files to develop XML applications
           with expat
         * gcc - Various compilers (C, C++, Objective-C, Java, ...)
         * krb5-libs - The shared libraries used by Kerberos 5
         * krb5-devel - Development files needed to compile Kerberos 5 programs
         * libxml2 - Library providing XML and HTML support
         * libxml2-devel - Libraries, includes, etc. to develop XML and HTML
           applications
         * mysql - MySQL client programs and shared libraries
         * nmap - Network exploration tool and security scanner
         * openssh - The OpenSSH implementation of SSH protocol versions 1 and 2
         * openssl - The OpenSSL toolkit
         * openssl-devel - Files for development of applications which will use
           OpenSSL
         * perl - The Perl programming language
         * perl-DBD-MySQL - A MySQL interface for perl
         * xmlsec1-openssl - OpenSSL crypto plugin for XML Security Library
      
   Required Perl Modules:

      The VCL management node daemon (vcld) is written in Perl and has been
      tested on Perl 5.8.x. The following Perl modules available from CPAN are
      also required (see step 2 below for installation instructions):
         * DBI - Generic Database Interface
         * Digest::SHA1 - NIST SHA message digest algorithm
         * Mail::Mailer - Simple mail agent interface
         * Object::InsideOut - Comprehensive inside-out object support
         * RPC::XML - A set of classes for core data, message and XML handling
         * YAML - YAML Ain't Markup Language

   1. Install the VCL Management Node Code - Perl Daemon
      Copy the managementnode directory to the location where you want it to
      reside (typically /usr/local): 

         cp -r apache-VCL-2.3.2/managementnode /usr/local/vcl 

   2. Install the Required Linux Packages & Perl Modules
      Run the install_perl_libs.pl script:

         perl /usr/local/vcl/bin/install_perl_libs.pl 
      
      The last line of the install_perl_libs.pl script output should be:

         COMPLETE: installed all components
      
      Note: The script will hang or terminate if it encounters a problem. If
      this occurs, you will need to troubleshoot the problem by looking at the
      output. 
   
      The install_perl_libs.pl script included in the VCL distribution will 
      attempt to download and install the required Linux packages and Perl 
      modules. It uses the yum utility to install the required Linux packages. 
      The required Perl modules are available from CPAN - The Comprehensive Perl
      Archive Network. The install_perl_libs.pl script attempts to download and 
      install the required Perl modules by using the CPAN.pm module which is 
      included with most Perl distributions. 

      The yum utility should exist on any modern Red Hat-based Linux 
      distribution (Red Hat, CentOS, Fedora, etc). If yum isn't available on 
      your management node OS, you will need to download and install the 
      required Linux packages manually or by using another package management 
      utility. After installing the required Linux packages, attempt to run the 
      install_perl_libs.pl script again.
   
   3. Configure vcld.conf
      a. Create the /etc/vcl directory: 

         mkdir /etc/vcl 

      b. Copy the stock vcld.conf file to /etc/vcl: 

         cp /usr/local/vcl/etc/vcl/vcld.conf /etc/vcl 

      c. Edit /etc/vcl/vcld.conf: 

         vi /etc/vcl/vcld.conf 

         The following lines must be configured in order to start the VCL daemon
         (vcld) and allow it to check in to the database:
            * FQDN - the fully qualified name of the management node, this
              should match the name that was configured for the management node
              in the database
            * server - the IP address or FQDN of the database server
            * LockerWrtUser - database user account with write privileges
            * wrtPass - database user password
            * xmlrpc_pass - password for xmlrpc api from vcld to the web
              interface(can be long). This will be used later to sync the
              database vclsystem user account
            * xmlrpc_url - URL for xmlrpc api
              https://my.server.org/vcl/index.php?mode=xmlrpccall

      d. Save the vcld.conf file

   4. Configure the SSH Client
      The SSH client on the management node should be configured to prevent SSH
      processes spawned by the root user to the computers it controls from
      hanging because of missing or different entries in the known_hosts file. 
   
      Edit the ssh_config file: 

         vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config 
      
      Set the following parameters:

         UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
         StrictHostKeyChecking no
      
      Note: If you do not want these settings applied universally on the 
      management node the SSH configuration can also be configured to only apply
      these settings to certain hosts or only for the root user. Consult the SSH
      documentation for more information.
   
   5. Install and Start the VCL Daemon (vcld) Service
      a. Copy the vcld service script to /etc/init.d and name it vcld: 

         cp /usr/local/vcl/bin/S99vcld.linux /etc/init.d/vcld 

      b. Add the vcld service using chkconfig: 

         /sbin/chkconfig --add vcld 

      c. Configure the vcld service to automatically run at runtime levels 3-5: 

         /sbin/chkconfig --level 345 vcld on 

      d. Start the vcld service: 

         /sbin/service vcld start 

      You should see output similar to the following:

         Starting vcld daemon:
                                                           [  OK  ]

         The vcld service can also be started by running the service script
         directly: /etc/init.d/vcld start 

      e. Check the vcld service by monitoring the vcld.log file: 

         tail -f /var/log/vcld.log 
         
         You should see the following being added to the log file every few
         seconds if the management node is checking in with the database:
   
            2012-05-15 13:23:45|25494|vcld:main(167)|lastcheckin time updated
            for management node 1: 2012-05-15 13:23:45

   6. Set the vclsystem account password for xmlrpc api
      Using the vcld -setup tool, set the vclsystem account. This is needed to
      properly use the block allocation features.

      /usr/local/vcl/bin/vcld -setup

      Select 1. VCL Base Module
      Select 2. Set Local VCL User Account Password
      Select 2. vclsystem 

      From the vcld.conf file, paste or type the password from xmlrpc_pass
      variable and hit enter.

   7. Install & Configure the DHCP Service
      a. Install dhcp if it is not already installed:

         yum install dhcp -y

      b. Configure the dhcpd service to automatically start at runlevels 3-5:

         /sbin/chkconfig --level 345 dhcpd on

      c. Configure the dhcpd.conf file.

         vi /etc/dhcpd.conf

         Configure your dhcpd.conf file according to your network configuration.
         The contents of the dhcpd.conf file will vary based on how your network
         is configured. Below is an example of a basic dhcpd.conf file:

         ddns-update-style none;
         shared-network eth0 {
            subnet 10.100.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
               ignore unknown-clients;
            }
         }

         You will add host definitions to the dhcpd.conf file after you add
         computers to VCL using the website. The website will display the
         dhcpd.conf host definitions after the computers have been added to VCL,
         which can be copied and pasted into the dhcpd.conf file.

      d. Start the dhcpd service:

         /sbin/service dhcpd start
               
   8. Configure Windows Product Keys and/or KMS Server Addresses (Optional)
      If you will be deploying Windows environments your institution's Windows 
      product key and/or KMS server addresses must be entered into the VCL 
      database. This can be done by running the following command:
   
         /usr/local/vcl/bin/vcld -setup 

         Select "Windows OS Module" and follow the prompts.
   
   9. Download Windows Sysprep Utility (Optional)
      If you will be using VCL to deploy bare-metal Windows XP or Windows Server
      2003 environments via xCAT, the appropriate versions of the Microsoft 
      Sysprep utility must be downloaded to the management node. The following 
      steps do not need to be completed if you only intend to deploy VMware 
      virtual machines. 

      The Sysprep utility is included in the Deployment Tools available for free
      from Microsoft. You do not need to download Sysprep for Windows 7 or 
      Windows Server 2008 because it is included in the operating system. 

      The Sysprep files need to be downloaded, extracted, and then copied to the
      management node. The format of the file available for download is 
      Microsoft's .cab format. It is easiest to extract the files on a Windows 
      computer. Windows Explorer is able to open the .cab file and then the 
      files contained within can be copied elsewhere. 
   
      a. Windows XP 
         * Download Sysprep for Windows XP: Windows XP Service Pack 3
           Deployment Tools
         * Extract the Windows XP Sysprep Files
         * Copy the extracted Windows XP Sysprep files to the following
           directory the management node: 

           /usr/local/vcl/tools/Windows_XP/Utilities/Sysprep

      b.Windows Server 2003 
         * Download Sysprep for Windows Server 2003: System Preparation tool
           for Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2 Deployment
         * Extract the Windows Server 2003 Sysprep Files
         * Copy the extracted Windows Server 2003 Sysprep files to the
           following directory the management node: 

           /usr/local/vcl/tools/Windows_Server_2003/Utilities/Sysprep
            
  10. Download Windows Drivers (Optional)
      
      Drivers which aren't included with Windows must be downloaded and saved to
      the management node. The drivers required will vary greatly depending on 
      the hardware. The only way to know what additional drivers you need is to 
      install Windows on a computer and check for missing drivers. 

      The drivers must be copied to the appropriate directory on the management 
      node. The VCL image capture process copies the driver directories to the 
      computer before an image is captured. Drivers from multiple directories 
      will be copied based on the version of Windows being captured. There are 
      driver directories under tools for each version of Windows (Windows XP, 
      Windows 7) and for each version group of Windows (version 5, 6). This 
      allows drivers which are common to multiple versions of Windows to be 
      shared in the management node tools directory structure.
   
      Examples: 
   
      If a chipset driver works for all versions of Windows it should be saved
      in:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows/Drivers/Chipset 
   
      If Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 both use the same network driver it
      can be saved in:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_5/Drivers/Network 
   
      If a storage driver only works for Windows XP it should be saved in:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_XP/Drivers/Storage 
   
      During the image capture process, each Windows version directory is copied
      to the computer under C:\Cygwin\home\root\VCL. The order in which the 
      Windows version directories are copied goes from most general to most 
      specific. In the example above, the order would be:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows/*
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_5/*
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_XP/* 
   
      The following list shows which driver files should be saved in the driver
      directories:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows/Drivers - drivers common to all versions of
                                           Windows
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_5/Drivers - drivers used by Windows XP
                                                     and Server 2003
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_XP/Drivers - drivers only used by Windows XP
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Server_2003/Drivers - drivers only used by
                                                       Windows Server 2003 
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_6/Drivers - drivers used by Windows
                                                     Vista and Server 2008
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_7/Drivers - drivers only used by Windows 7
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Server_2008/Drivers - drivers only used by
                                                       Windows Server 2008
   
      The directory structure under each Drivers directory does not matter. It 
      is helpful to organize each directory by driver class, and each directory 
      should be organized using the same theme. For example:

      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_XP/Drivers/Chipset
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_XP/Drivers/Network
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_XP/Drivers/Storage
      /var/lib/vcl/tools/Windows_Version_XP/Drivers/Video
   
  11. Install & Configure Provisioning Engines and Hypervisors

      VCL supports the following, please see the related websites for
      installation and configuration instructions:
   
      a. xCAT - Extreme Cluster Administration Toolkit 
         * Versions Supported: 
            * 1.3
            * 2.x
         * See the xCAT website for installation & configuration information:

           http://xcat.sourceforge.net

      b. VMware 
         * See the VMware website for installation & configuration information:

           http://www.vmware.com

         * See the following page for additional VCL VMware configuration
           information: 

           http://vcl.apache.org/docs/vmwareconfiguration.html

      c. KVM (libvirt)
         * Fedora, Red Hat, and CentOS have packages for installing libvirt
         * Documentation for libvirt is available at their site:

           http://libvirt.org/docs.html

         * The virsh command reference page is particularly helpful:

           http://libvirt.org/virshcmdref.html

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Configure Frontend Authentication

   Adding Local VCL Accounts

      Local VCL accounts are contained within the VCL database.  The admin
      account is a local VCL account.  Additional local accounts can be added
      via the backend management node code. After you have finished the backend
      management node installation, run:

      vcld -setup 

         1. Select VCL Base Module
         2. Select Add Local VCL User Account
         3. Enter the requested information
      
   Adding LDAP Authentication

      1. Prerequisites for your LDAP server:
      
         * enable SSL on your LDAP server
         * Create an account that can look up a user's first and last names,
           user id, and email address (email address is optional) - this will be
           referred to as 'vcllookup' in this document. You can skip this step
           if anonymous binds are enabled on your LDAP server and an anonymous
           bind will be able to look up userids, names, and email addresses.
         * if your LDAP server is firewalled, you will need to allow your VCL
           web server to access tcp port 636 on your LDAP server
      
      2. Prerequisites for your VCL web server:
      
         * php-ldap needs to be installed
         * If your LDAP server SSL certificate is self-signed, your VCL web 
           server needs to have the root CA certificate that was used to sign
           the LDAP server certificate installed. The PEM formatted certificate
           needs to be added to the ca-bundle.crt file. On CentOS, the file is
           located at

           /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

           The hostname in the certificate must match the hostname entered in
           the conf.php file further down. If your certificate does not have the
           correct hostname in it, you can put an entry in /etc/hosts for the
           hostname in the certificate.

         * After adding the certificate, restart httpd:
      
           service httpd restart
      
         * You can verify that the certificate is properly installed using this
           command:
      
           openssl s_client -showcerts -CAfile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt \
               -connect your.ldap.server.here:636
      
           If you see "Verify return code: 0 (ok)" at the end of the output,
           then it is installed correctly. If you see a different return code,
           then you'll need to work through the problem.

         * You may need to add a line to /etc/openldap/ldap.conf to point to the
           ca-bundle.crt file. It is difficult to explain if you need it or not,
           but if you do, add the following:
      
           TLS_CACERT /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
      
      3. Adding LDAP Authentication to the Web Code
      
         * You will need to manually add an entry to the affiliation table in
           the VCL database. Choose a name for the affiliation. This will be
           appended to all userids for the affiliation to distinguish them from
           other affiliations you may configure later. Do not use the Global
           affiliation for this. Initials or a short name of your organization
           are a good idea. The affiliation name cannot contain spaces. Use the
           following to add the affiliation, replacing 'EXAMPLE' with the name
           you chose. Take note of the id from the 2nd SQL statement as you will
           need it later. It is the numerical id for this affiliation. 
      
           mysql vcl
           INSERT INTO affiliation (name) VALUES ('EXAMPLE');
           SELECT id FROM affiliation WHERE name = 'EXAMPLE';
           exit
      
         * Edit conf.php and search for "EXAMPLE1 LDAP"
         * Uncomment the "EXAMPLE1 LDAP" section by removing the '/*' before it
           and the '*/' at the end of 'to use this login mechanism'
         * Change 'EXAMPLE1 LDAP' to something to match your location, for
           example at NCSU, it is 'NCSU LDAP'. This string is what users will
           see where they select the authentication mechanism to use when
           logging in.
         * Modify the following fields:
           * server - this is the hostname of your LDAP server - this must match
             the hostname in the certificate
           * binddn - typically, you'll want to use the base DN of your LDAP
             server; for Active Directory, this is usually dc= for each of your
             domain name components. For example, your your domain name was
             ad.example.org, it would be "dc=ad,dc=example,dc=org"
           * userid - this is a string that is added to the userid a user enters
             on the login page. Place a '%s' where the entered userid should go.
             Some examples are:
               * %s@example.org
               * %s@ad.example.org
               * uid=%s,ou=accounts,dc=example,dc=org'
           * unityid - this is the ldap field that contains a user's login id
             (for Active Directory, this is usually sAMAccountName)
           * firstname - this is the ldap field that contains a user's first
             name
           * lastname - this is the ldap field that contains a user's last name
           * email - this is the ldap field that contains a user's email address
           * defaultemail - if an email address is not provided by the ldap
             server, this will be appended to the end of the userid to create an
             email address. In this case, email notifications will be disabled
             by default
           * masterlogin - this is the vcllookup account referred to in the
             "Prerequisites for your LDAP server" section - comment out this
             line if using anonymous binds
           * masterpwd - password for the masterlogin account - comment out this
             line if using anonymous binds
           * affiliationid - this is the id from the SELECT statement in the
             first step
           * lookupuserbeforeauth - Some LDAP servers will only allow the full
             DN of a user to be used when authenticating. If this is the case,
             you will need to set this to 1 and set a value for lookupuserfield.
             You can probably start out with this set to 0. If your LDAP server
             has users in multiple containers, you will probably need to set
             this to 1.
           * lookupuserfield - If you need to set lookupuserbeforeauth to 1, set
             this to the attribute to use to search for the user in ldap.
             Typical values are 'cn', 'uid', and 'samaccountname'.
           * help - this is some text that will show up on the page where users
             select the authentication method explaining why they would select
             this option
         * uncomment the require_once line for ldapauth.php toward the bottom of
           the file