= Multiple Business Interface Hazzards
:index-group: Unrevised
:jbake-date: 2018-12-05
:jbake-type: page
:jbake-status: published

= UndeclaredThrowableException

When two java interfaces are implemented by a proxy and those two
interfaces declare the _same method_ but with _different throws clauses_
some very nasty side effects happen, namely you loose the ability to
throw any checked exceptions that are not in the throws clause of both
methods.

[source,java]
----
import junit.framework.TestCase;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;

/**
 * @version $Rev$ $Date$
 */
public class ExceptionTest extends TestCase {

    public void test() throws Exception {
    ClassLoader classLoader = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
        Class[]
----

interfaces = new Class[]\{One.class, Two.class};

[source,java]
----
    InvocationHandler h = new TestInvocationHandler();

    Object proxy =
----

java.lang.reflect.Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, interfaces, h);

[source,java]
----
    One one = (One) proxy;

    try {
        one.run(new CommonException());
    } catch (CommonException e) {
        // this will work
    } catch(UndeclaredThrowableException u) {
        Throwable t = u.getCause();
        fail("Undeclared: "+t);
    } catch(Throwable t){
        fail("Caught: "+t);
    }

    try {
        one.run(new OneException());
    } catch (OneException e) {
    } catch(UndeclaredThrowableException u) {
        Throwable t = u.getCause();
        fail("Undeclared: "+t); // This will always be the code that
----

executes } catch(Throwable t)\{ fail("Caught: "+t); }

[source,java]
----
    Two two = (Two) proxy;
    try {
        two.run(new CommonException());
    } catch (TwoException e) {
    } catch(UndeclaredThrowableException u) {
        Throwable t = u.getCause();
        fail("Undeclared: "+t); // This will always be the code that
----

executes } catch(Throwable t)\{ fail("Caught: "+t); }

[source,java]
----
    }

    public static class CommonException extends Exception {
    public CommonException() {
    }
    }

    public static interface One {
    void run(Object o) throws OneException, CommonException;
    }

    public static class OneException extends Exception {
    public OneException() {
    }
    }

    public static interface Two {
    void run(Object o) throws TwoException, CommonException;
    }

    public static class TwoException extends Exception {
    public TwoException() {
    }
    }

    private static class TestInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler
----

\{ public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable \{ throw (Throwable)args[0] ; } } }

= IllegalArgumentException

This one is less of a runtime problem as doing this will cause things to
fail up front. When two java interfaces are implemented by a proxy and
those two interfaces declare the _same method_ but with _different
return types_ the VM proxy code will refuse to create a proxy at all.
Take this code example:

[source,java]
----
import junit.framework.TestCase;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * @version $Rev$ $Date$
 */
public class ReturnTest extends TestCase {

    public void test() throws Exception {
    ClassLoader classLoader = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
        Class[]
----

interfaces = new Class[]\{ReturnTest.One.class, ReturnTest.Two.class};

[source,java]
----
    InvocationHandler h = new ReturnTest.TestInvocationHandler();

    Object proxy =
----

java.lang.reflect.Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, interfaces, h);

[source,java]
----
    One one = (One) proxy;
    try {
        Object object = one.run(new ThingOne());
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        fail("Caught: " + t);
    }

    Two two = (Two) proxy;
    try {
        Object object = two.run(new ThingTwo());
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        fail("Caught: " + t);
    }

    }

    public static interface One {
    ThingOne run(Object o);
    }

    public static class ThingOne {
    }

    public static interface Two {
    ThingTwo run(Object o);
    }

    public static class ThingTwo {
    }

    private static class TestInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler
----

\{ public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable \{ return args[0] ; } } }

Running this code will result in the following exception:

[source,properties]
----
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: methods with same signature
----

run(java.lang.Object) but incompatible return types: [class
ReturnTestlatexmath:[$ThingOne, class ReturnTest$]ThingTwo] at
sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.checkReturnTypes(ProxyGenerator.java:669) at
sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.generateClassFile(ProxyGenerator.java:420) at
sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(ProxyGenerator.java:306) at
java.lang.reflect.Proxy.getProxyClass(Proxy.java:501) at
java.lang.reflect.Proxy.newProxyInstance(Proxy.java:581) at
ReturnTest.test(ReturnTest.java:36) at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit2.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:32)