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| <h1 id="interceptor-configuration">Interceptor Configuration</h1> |
| |
| <p>Interceptors allow you to define code to be executed before and/or after the execution of an Action method. |
| (The “Filter” pattern.) Interceptors can be a powerful tool when developing applications. There are many, many use cases |
| for Interceptors, including validation, property population, security, logging, and profiling.</p> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th>Validation</th> |
| <th>Examine input for correctness</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Property Population</td> |
| <td>Transfer and convert input to object properties</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Logging</td> |
| <td>Journal details regarding each action</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Profiling</td> |
| <td>Time action throughput, looking for performance bottlenecks</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>Interceptors can be chained together to create an Interceptor “Stack”. If an action needs to check the client’s |
| credentials, log the action, and time the action, all of these routines, and more, could be made part of the same |
| Interceptor Stack.</p> |
| |
| <p>Interceptors are implemented as Java classes, so each Interceptor has a class name. To make it easier to reference |
| Interceptors, each class can be registered with the framework and given a unique, simpler name.</p> |
| |
| <p><strong>Registering Interceptors</strong></p> |
| |
| <div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt"><interceptors></span> |
| <span class="nt"><interceptor</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"security"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"com.company.security.SecurityInterceptor"</span><span class="nt">/></span> |
| <span class="nt"><interceptor-stack</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"secureStack"</span><span class="nt">></span> |
| <span class="nt"><interceptor-ref</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"security"</span><span class="nt">/></span> |
| <span class="nt"><interceptor-ref</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"defaultStack"</span><span class="nt">/></span> |
| <span class="nt"></interceptor-stack></span> |
| <span class="nt"></interceptors></span> |
| </code></pre></div></div> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>Individual Interceptors and Interceptors Stacks can be “mixed and matched” in any order when defining an Interceptor Stack.</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>The framework will invoke each Interceptor on the stack <strong>in the order it is defined</strong>.</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p>Most applications will define a default Interceptor Stack, such as <code class="highlighter-rouge"><default-interceptor-ref name="secureStack"/></code> |
| but any action may also define its own local stack.</p> |
| |
| <p><strong>A local Interceptor Stack</strong></p> |
| |
| <div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt"><action</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"VelocityCounter"</span> <span class="na">class=</span><span class="s">"org.apache.struts2.example.counter.SimpleCounter"</span><span class="nt">></span> |
| <span class="nt"><result</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"success"</span><span class="nt">></span>...<span class="nt"></result></span> |
| <span class="nt"><interceptor-ref</span> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"defaultComponentStack"</span><span class="nt">/></span> |
| <span class="nt"></action></span> |
| </code></pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>The default configuration - <a href="struts-default-xml.html">struts-default.xml</a>; sets up a default Interceptor Stack that |
| will work well for most applications.</p> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>For more, see <a href="interceptors.html">Interceptors</a>.</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| </section> |
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