[SPARK-44170][BUILD][FOLLOWUP] Align JUnit5 dependency's version and clean up exclusions

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Align JUnit5 dependency's version clean up redundant exclusion in `pom.xml`

### Why are the changes needed?

Simplify removing the exclusion of jupiter dependencies in `pom.xml` would cause inconsistent version combinations and fail the Maven test, we should align all jupiter dependencies' versions in `<dependencyManagement>` to make sure the version combination is consistent.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No

### How was this patch tested?

Pass GA.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No

Closes #46160 from pan3793/SPARK-44170-followup.

Lead-authored-by: Cheng Pan <chengpan@apache.org>
Co-authored-by: Cheng Pan <pan3793@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dhyun@apple.com>
diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index a9a4951..03c6b75 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -220,6 +220,9 @@
     <netty.version>4.1.109.Final</netty.version>
     <netty-tcnative.version>2.0.65.Final</netty-tcnative.version>
     <icu4j.version>72.1</icu4j.version>
+    <junit-jupiter.version>5.9.3</junit-jupiter.version>
+    <junit-platform.version>1.9.3</junit-platform.version>
+    <sbt-jupiter-interface.version>0.11.1</sbt-jupiter-interface.version>
     <!--
     If you are changing Arrow version specification, please check
     ./python/pyspark/sql/pandas/utils.py, ./python/packaging/classic/setup.py
@@ -1079,15 +1082,6 @@
         <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.test-framework.providers</groupId>
         <artifactId>jersey-test-framework-provider-simple</artifactId>
         <version>${jersey.version}</version>
-        <!--
-          TODO(SPARK-44170): Remove the exclusion of jupiter after Spark migrates to Junit5.
-        -->
-        <exclusions>
-          <exclusion>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>*</artifactId>
-          </exclusion>
-        </exclusions>
         <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
@@ -1215,16 +1209,6 @@
         <groupId>org.jmock</groupId>
         <artifactId>jmock-junit5</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
-        <exclusions>
-          <exclusion>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>*</artifactId>
-          </exclusion>
-          <exclusion>
-            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
-            <artifactId>*</artifactId>
-          </exclusion>
-        </exclusions>
         <version>2.13.1</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
@@ -1236,13 +1220,49 @@
       <dependency>
         <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
         <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-        <version>5.9.3</version>
+        <version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-platform-commons</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+      </dependency>
+      <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-platform-launcher</artifactId>
+        <version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
         <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
         <groupId>net.aichler</groupId>
         <artifactId>jupiter-interface</artifactId>
-        <version>0.11.1</version>
+        <version>${sbt-jupiter-interface.version}</version>
         <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
@@ -1349,13 +1369,6 @@
         <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
         <artifactId>curator-test</artifactId>
         <version>${curator.version}</version>
-        <!-- TODO(SPARK-44170): Remove this `exclusion` after Spark starts supporting JUnit5. -->
-        <exclusions>
-          <exclusion>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-          </exclusion>
-        </exclusions>
         <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
       <!-- Hadoop 3.x dependencies -->