/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.sling.testing.mock.osgi;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpression;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.felix.framework.FilterImpl;
import org.osgi.framework.Constants;
import org.osgi.framework.Filter;
import org.osgi.framework.InvalidSyntaxException;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference;
import org.reflections.Reflections;
import org.reflections.scanners.ResourcesScanner;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
import com.google.common.cache.CacheLoader;
import com.google.common.cache.LoadingCache;
import com.google.common.collect.BiMap;
import com.google.common.collect.HashBiMap;

/**
 * Helper methods to parse OSGi metadata.
 */
final class OsgiMetadataUtil {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OsgiMetadataUtil.class);
    
    private static final String METADATA_PATH = "OSGI-INF";

    private static final DocumentBuilderFactory DOCUMENT_BUILDER_FACTORY;
    static {
        DOCUMENT_BUILDER_FACTORY = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DOCUMENT_BUILDER_FACTORY.setNamespaceAware(true);

        // suppress log entries from Reflections library
        Reflections.log = null;
    }

    private static final XPathFactory XPATH_FACTORY = XPathFactory.newInstance();

    private static final BiMap<String, String> NAMESPACES = HashBiMap.create();
    static {
        NAMESPACES.put("scr", "http://www.osgi.org/xmlns/scr/v1.1.0");
    }

    private static final OsgiMetadata NULL_METADATA = new OsgiMetadata();
    
    private static final NamespaceContext NAMESPACE_CONTEXT = new NamespaceContext() {
        @Override
        public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
            return NAMESPACES.get(prefix);
        }

        @Override
        public String getPrefix(String namespaceURI) {
            return NAMESPACES.inverse().get(namespaceURI);
        }

        @Override
        public Iterator getPrefixes(String namespaceURI) {
            return NAMESPACES.keySet().iterator();
        }
    };

    /*
     * The OSGI metadata XML files do not change during the unit test runs because static part of classpath.
     * So we can cache the parsing step if we need them multiple times.
     */
    private static final Map<String,Document> METADATA_DOCUMENT_CACHE = initMetadataDocumentCache();
    private static final LoadingCache<Class, OsgiMetadata> METADATA_CACHE = CacheBuilder.newBuilder().build(new CacheLoader<Class, OsgiMetadata>() {
        @Override
        public OsgiMetadata load(Class clazz) throws Exception {
            Document metadataDocument = METADATA_DOCUMENT_CACHE.get(cleanupClassName(clazz.getName()));
            if (metadataDocument != null) {
                return new OsgiMetadata(clazz, metadataDocument);
            }
            return NULL_METADATA;
        }
    });

    private OsgiMetadataUtil() {
        // static methods only
    }
    
    /**
     * Try to read OSGI-metadata from /OSGI-INF and read all implemented interfaces and service properties.
     * The metadata is cached after initial read, so it's no problem to call this method multiple time for the same class.
     * @param clazz OSGi service implementation class
     * @return Metadata object or null if no metadata present in classpath
     */
    public static OsgiMetadata getMetadata(Class clazz) {
        try {
            OsgiMetadata metadata = METADATA_CACHE.get(clazz);
            if (metadata == NULL_METADATA) {
                return null;
            }
            else {
                return metadata;
            }
        }
        catch (ExecutionException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Error loading OSGi metadata from loader cache.", ex);
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Reads all SCR metadata XML documents located at OSGI-INF/ and caches them with quick access by implementation class.
     * @return Cache map
     */
    private static Map<String,Document> initMetadataDocumentCache() {
        Map<String,Document> cacheMap = new HashMap<>();
        
        XPath xpath = XPATH_FACTORY.newXPath();
        xpath.setNamespaceContext(NAMESPACE_CONTEXT);
        XPathExpression xpathExpression;
        try {
            xpathExpression = xpath.compile("//*[implementation/@class]");
        }
        catch (XPathExpressionException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Compiling XPath expression failed.", ex);
        }

        Reflections reflections = new Reflections(METADATA_PATH, new ResourcesScanner());
        Set<String> paths = reflections.getResources(Pattern.compile("^.*\\.xml$"));
        for (String path : paths) {
            parseMetadataDocuments(cacheMap, path, xpathExpression);
        }
        
        return cacheMap;
    }
    
    private static void parseMetadataDocuments(Map<String,Document> cacheMap, String resourcePath, XPathExpression xpathExpression) {
        try {
            Enumeration<URL> resourceUrls = OsgiMetadataUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResources(resourcePath);
            while (resourceUrls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL resourceUrl = resourceUrls.nextElement();
                try (InputStream fileStream = resourceUrl.openStream()) {
                    parseMetadataDocument(cacheMap, resourcePath, fileStream, xpathExpression);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            log.warn("Error reading SCR metadata XML document from " + resourcePath, ex);
        }
    }
    
    private static void parseMetadataDocument(Map<String,Document> cacheMap, String resourcePath,
            InputStream fileStream, XPathExpression xpathExpression) throws XPathExpressionException {
        Document metadata = toXmlDocument(fileStream, resourcePath);
        NodeList nodes = (NodeList)xpathExpression.evaluate(metadata, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        if (nodes != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodes.item(i);
                String implementationClass = getImplementationClassName(node);
                if (implementationClass != null) {
                    cacheMap.put(implementationClass, metadata);
                }
            }
        }                            
    }

    private static String getImplementationClassName(Node componentNode) {
        NodeList childNodes = componentNode.getChildNodes();
        for (int j = 0; j < childNodes.getLength(); j++) {
            Node childNode = childNodes.item(j);
            if (childNode.getNodeName().equals("implementation")) {
                String implementationClass = getAttributeValue(childNode, "class");
                if (!StringUtils.isBlank(implementationClass)) {
                    return implementationClass;
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static Document toXmlDocument(InputStream inputStream, String path) {
        try {
            DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
            return documentBuilder.parse(inputStream);
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to read classpath resource: " + path, ex);
        } catch (SAXException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to read classpath resource: " + path, ex);
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Unable to read classpath resource: " + path, ex);
        } finally {
            try {
                inputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                // ignore
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * @param clazz OSGi component
     * @return XPath query fragment to find matching XML node in SCR metadata
     */
    private static String getComponentXPathQuery(Class clazz) {
        String className = cleanupClassName(clazz.getName());
        return "//*[implementation/@class='" + className + "' or @name='" + className + "']";
    }
    
    /**
     * Remove extensions from class names added e.g. by mockito.
     * @param className Class name
     * @return Cleaned up class name
     */
    public static final String cleanupClassName(String className) {
        return StringUtils.substringBefore(StringUtils.substringBefore(className, "$MockitoMock$"), "$$Enhancer");
    }
    
    private static String getComponentName(Class clazz, Document metadata) {
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz);
        NodeList nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null && nodes.getLength() > 0) {
            return getAttributeValue(nodes.item(0), "name");
        }
        return clazz.getName();
    }

    private static String[] getConfigurationPID(Class clazz, Document metadata) {
        String value = null;
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz);
        NodeList nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null && nodes.getLength() > 0) {
            value = getAttributeValue(nodes.item(0), "configuration-pid");
        }
        if (value == null) {
            value = getComponentName(clazz, metadata);
        }
        return StringUtils.split(value);
    }

    private static Set<String> getServiceInterfaces(Class clazz, Document metadata) {
        Set<String> serviceInterfaces = new HashSet<String>();
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz) + "/service/provide[@interface!='']";
        NodeList nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodes.item(i);
                String serviceInterface = getAttributeValue(node, "interface");
                if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(serviceInterface)) {
                    serviceInterfaces.add(serviceInterface);
                }
            }
        }
        return serviceInterfaces;
    }

    private static Map<String, Object> getProperties(Class clazz, Document metadata) {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz) + "/property[@name!='' and @value!='']";
        NodeList nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodes.item(i);
                String name = getAttributeValue(node, "name");
                String value = getAttributeValue(node, "value");
                String type = getAttributeValue(node, "type");
                if (StringUtils.equals("Integer", type)) {
                    props.put(name, Integer.parseInt(value));
                }
                else if (StringUtils.equals("Long", type)) {
                    props.put(name, Long.parseLong(value));
                }
                else if (StringUtils.equals("Boolean", type)) {
                    props.put(name, Boolean.parseBoolean(value));
                }
                else {
                    props.put(name, value);
                }
            }
        }
        query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz) + "/property[@name!='' and text()!='']";
        nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodes.item(i);
                String name = getAttributeValue(node, "name");
                String[] value = StringUtils.split(StringUtils.trim(node.getTextContent()), "\n\r");
                for (int j = 0; j<value.length; j++) {
                    value[j] = StringUtils.trim(value[j]);
                }
                props.put(name, value);
            }
        }
        return props;
    }

    private static List<Reference> getReferences(Class clazz, Document metadata) {
        List<Reference> references = new ArrayList<Reference>();
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz) + "/reference[@name!='']";
        NodeList nodes = queryNodes(metadata, query);
        if (nodes != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodes.item(i);
                references.add(new Reference(clazz, node));
            }
        }
        return references;
    }

    private static String getLifecycleMethodName(Class clazz, Document metadata, String methodName) {
        String query = getComponentXPathQuery(clazz);
        Node node = queryNode(metadata, query);
        if (node != null) {
            return getAttributeValue(node, methodName);
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static NodeList queryNodes(Document metadata, String xpathQuery) {
        try {
            XPath xpath = XPATH_FACTORY.newXPath();
            xpath.setNamespaceContext(NAMESPACE_CONTEXT);
            return (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(xpathQuery, metadata, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        } catch (XPathExpressionException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Error evaluating XPath: " + xpathQuery, ex);
        }
    }

    private static Node queryNode(Document metadata, String xpathQuery) {
        try {
            XPath xpath = XPATH_FACTORY.newXPath();
            xpath.setNamespaceContext(NAMESPACE_CONTEXT);
            return (Node) xpath.evaluate(xpathQuery, metadata, XPathConstants.NODE);
        } catch (XPathExpressionException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Error evaluating XPath: " + xpathQuery, ex);
        }
    }

    private static String getAttributeValue(Node node, String attributeName) {
        Node namedItem = node.getAttributes().getNamedItem(attributeName);
        if (namedItem != null) {
            return namedItem.getNodeValue();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    static class OsgiMetadata {

        private final Class<?> clazz;
        private final String name;
        private final String[] configurationPID;
        private final Set<String> serviceInterfaces;
        private final Map<String, Object> properties;
        private final List<Reference> references;
        private final String activateMethodName;
        private final String deactivateMethodName;
        private final String modifiedMethodName;

        private OsgiMetadata(Class<?> clazz, Document metadataDocument) {
            this.clazz = clazz;
            this.name = OsgiMetadataUtil.getComponentName(clazz, metadataDocument);
            this.configurationPID = OsgiMetadataUtil.getConfigurationPID(clazz, metadataDocument);
            this.serviceInterfaces = OsgiMetadataUtil.getServiceInterfaces(clazz, metadataDocument);
            this.properties = OsgiMetadataUtil.getProperties(clazz, metadataDocument);
            this.references = OsgiMetadataUtil.getReferences(clazz, metadataDocument);
            this.activateMethodName = OsgiMetadataUtil.getLifecycleMethodName(clazz, metadataDocument, "activate");
            this.deactivateMethodName = OsgiMetadataUtil.getLifecycleMethodName(clazz, metadataDocument, "deactivate");
            this.modifiedMethodName = OsgiMetadataUtil.getLifecycleMethodName(clazz, metadataDocument, "modified");
        }

        private OsgiMetadata() {
            this.clazz = null;
            this.name = null;
            this.configurationPID = null;
            this.serviceInterfaces = null;
            this.properties = null;
            this.references = null;
            this.activateMethodName = null;
            this.deactivateMethodName = null;
            this.modifiedMethodName = null;
        }

        public Class<?> getServiceClass() {
            return clazz;
        }
        
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        
        public String getPID() {
            String pid = null;
            if (properties != null) {
                pid = (String)properties.get(Constants.SERVICE_PID);
            }
            return StringUtils.defaultString(pid, name);
        }

        public String[] getConfigurationPID() {
            return configurationPID;
        }

        public Set<String> getServiceInterfaces() {
            return serviceInterfaces;
        }

        public Map<String, Object> getProperties() {
            return properties;
        }

        public List<Reference> getReferences() {
            return references;
        }

        public String getActivateMethodName() {
            return activateMethodName;
        }

        public String getDeactivateMethodName() {
            return deactivateMethodName;
        }

        public String getModifiedMethodName() {
            return modifiedMethodName;
        }

    }

    static class Reference {

        protected final Class<?> clazz;
        protected final String name;
        protected final String interfaceType;
        protected final ReferenceCardinality cardinality;
        protected final ReferencePolicy policy;
        protected final ReferencePolicyOption policyOption;
        protected final String bind;
        protected final String unbind;
        protected final String field;
        protected final FieldCollectionType fieldCollectionType;
        protected String target;
        protected Filter targetFilter;

        protected Reference(Class<?> clazz, Node node) {
            this.clazz = clazz;
            this.name = getAttributeValue(node, "name");
            this.interfaceType = getAttributeValue(node, "interface");
            this.cardinality = toCardinality(getAttributeValue(node, "cardinality"));
            this.policy = toPolicy(getAttributeValue(node, "policy"));
            this.policyOption = toPolicyOption(getAttributeValue(node, "policy-option"));
            this.bind = getAttributeValue(node, "bind");
            this.unbind = getAttributeValue(node, "unbind");
            this.field = getAttributeValue(node, "field");
            this.fieldCollectionType = toFieldCollectionType(getAttributeValue(node, "field-collection-type"));
            this.target = getAttributeValue(node, "target");
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(this.target)) {
                try {
                    this.targetFilter = new FilterImpl(this.target);
                } catch (InvalidSyntaxException ex) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Invalid target filter in reference '" + this.name + "' of class " + clazz.getName(), ex);
                }
            }
            else {
                this.targetFilter = null;
            }
        }

        protected Reference(Reference reference) {
            this.clazz = reference.clazz;
            this.name = reference.name;
            this.interfaceType = reference.interfaceType;
            this.cardinality = reference.cardinality;
            this.policy = reference.policy;
            this.policyOption = reference.policyOption;
            this.bind = reference.bind;
            this.unbind = reference.unbind;
            this.field = reference.field;
            this.fieldCollectionType = reference.fieldCollectionType;
            this.target = reference.target;
            this.targetFilter = reference.targetFilter;
        }

        public Class<?> getServiceClass() {
            return clazz;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return this.name;
        }

        public String getInterfaceType() {
            return this.interfaceType;
        }

        public Class getInterfaceTypeAsClass() {
            try {
                return Class.forName(getInterfaceType());
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Service reference type not found: " + getInterfaceType());
            }
        }

        public ReferenceCardinality getCardinality() {
            return this.cardinality;
        }
        
        public boolean isCardinalityMultiple() {
            return this.cardinality == ReferenceCardinality.OPTIONAL_MULTIPLE
                    || this.cardinality == ReferenceCardinality.MANDATORY_MULTIPLE;
        }

        public boolean isCardinalityOptional() {
            return this.cardinality == ReferenceCardinality.OPTIONAL_UNARY
                    || this.cardinality == ReferenceCardinality.OPTIONAL_MULTIPLE;
        }

        public ReferencePolicy getPolicy() {
            return policy;
        }

        public ReferencePolicyOption getPolicyOption() {
            return policyOption;
        }

        public String getBind() {
            return this.bind;
        }

        public String getUnbind() {
            return this.unbind;
        }

        public String getField() {
            return this.field;
        }
        
        public String getTarget() {
            return this.target;
        }
        
        public boolean matchesTargetFilter(ServiceReference<?> serviceReference) {
            if (targetFilter == null) {
                return true;
            }
            return targetFilter.match(serviceReference);
        }
        
        public FieldCollectionType getFieldCollectionType() {
            return this.fieldCollectionType;
        }

        private static ReferenceCardinality toCardinality(String value) {
            for (ReferenceCardinality item : ReferenceCardinality.values()) {
                if (StringUtils.equals(item.getCardinalityString(), value)) {
                    return item;
                }
            }
            return ReferenceCardinality.MANDATORY_UNARY;
        }

        private static ReferencePolicy toPolicy(String value) {
            for (ReferencePolicy item : ReferencePolicy.values()) {
                if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(item.name(), value)) {
                    return item;
                }
            }
            return ReferencePolicy.STATIC;
        }

        private static ReferencePolicyOption toPolicyOption(String value) {
            for (ReferencePolicyOption item : ReferencePolicyOption.values()) {
                if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(item.name(), value)) {
                    return item;
                }
            }
            return ReferencePolicyOption.RELUCTANT;
        }

        private static FieldCollectionType toFieldCollectionType(String value) {
            for (FieldCollectionType item : FieldCollectionType.values()) {
                if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(item.name(), value)) {
                    return item;
                }
            }
            return FieldCollectionType.SERVICE;
        }

    }

    static class DynamicReference extends Reference {
        public DynamicReference(Reference reference, String target) {
            super(reference);
            this.target = target;
            if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(this.target)) {
                try {
                    this.targetFilter = new FilterImpl(this.target);
                } catch (InvalidSyntaxException ex) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("Invalid target filter in reference '" + this.name + "' of class " + clazz.getName(), ex);
                }
            }
            else {
                this.targetFilter = null;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Options for {@link Reference#cardinality()} property.
     */
    enum ReferenceCardinality {

        /**
         * Optional, unary reference: No service required to be available for the
         * reference to be satisfied. Only a single service is available through this
         * reference.
         */
        OPTIONAL_UNARY("0..1"),

        /**
         * Mandatory, unary reference: At least one service must be available for
         * the reference to be satisfied. Only a single service is available through
         * this reference.
         */
        MANDATORY_UNARY("1..1"),

        /**
         * Optional, multiple reference: No service required to be available for the
         * reference to be satisfied. All matching services are available through
         * this reference.
         */
        OPTIONAL_MULTIPLE("0..n"),

        /**
         * Mandatory, multiple reference: At least one service must be available for
         * the reference to be satisfied. All matching services are available
         * through this reference.
         */
        MANDATORY_MULTIPLE("1..n");

        private final String cardinalityString;

        private ReferenceCardinality(final String cardinalityString) {
            this.cardinalityString = cardinalityString;
        }

        /**
         * @return String representation of cardinality
         */
        public String getCardinalityString() {
            return this.cardinalityString;
        }

    }

    /**
     * Options for {@link Reference#policy()} property.
     */
    enum ReferencePolicy {

        /**
         * The component will be deactivated and re-activated if the service comes
         * and/or goes away.
         */
        STATIC,

        /**
         * The service will be made available to the component as it comes and goes.
         */
        DYNAMIC;
    }


    /**
     * Options for {@link Reference#policyOption()} property.
     */
    enum ReferencePolicyOption {

        /**
         * The reluctant policy option is the default policy option.
         * When a new target service for a reference becomes available,
         * references having the reluctant policy option for the static
         * policy or the dynamic policy with a unary cardinality will
         * ignore the new target service. References having the dynamic
         * policy with a multiple cardinality will bind the new
         * target service
         */
        RELUCTANT,

        /**
         * When a new target service for a reference becomes available,
         * references having the greedy policy option will bind the new
         * target service.
         */
        GREEDY;
    }

    /**
     * Options for {@link Reference#policyOption()} property.
     */
    enum FieldCollectionType {

        /**
         * The bound service object. This is the default field collection type.
         */
        SERVICE,

        /**
         * A Service Reference for the bound service.
         */
        REFERENCE,

        /**
         * A Component Service Objects for the bound service.
         */
        SERVICEOBJECTS,

        /**
         * An unmodifiable Map containing the service properties of the bound service.
         * This Map must implement Comparable.
         */
        PROPERTIES,

        /**
         * An unmodifiable Map.Entry whose key is an unmodifiable Map containing the 
         * service properties of the bound service, as above, and whose value is the 
         * bound service object. This Map.Entry must implement Comparable.
         */
        TUPLE;
    }

}