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<div class="subTitle"><span class="packageLabelInType">Package</span>&nbsp;<a href="package-summary.html">org.apache.shiro.util</a></div>
<h2 title="Class StringUtils" class="title">Class StringUtils</h2>
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<pre>public class <a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.32">StringUtils</a>
extends <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">Object</a></pre>
<div class="block"><p>Simple utility class for String operations useful across the framework.
<p/>
<p>Some methods in this class were copied from the Spring Framework so we didn't have to re-invent the wheel,
and in these cases, we have retained all license, copyright and author information.</div>
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<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>0.9</dd>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>static char</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#DEFAULT_DELIMITER_CHAR">DEFAULT_DELIMITER_CHAR</a></span></code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Constant representing the default delimiter character (comma), equal to <code>','</code></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static char</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHAR">DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHAR</a></span></code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Constant representing the default quote character (double quote), equal to '&quot;'</code></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#EMPTY_STRING">EMPTY_STRING</a></span></code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Constant representing the empty string, equal to &quot;&quot;</div>
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<th class="colFirst" scope="col">Constructor</th>
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<th class="colConstructorName" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#%3Cinit%3E()">StringUtils</a></span>()</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
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<caption><span id="t0" class="activeTableTab"><span>All Methods</span><span class="tabEnd">&nbsp;</span></span><span id="t1" class="tableTab"><span><a href="javascript:show(1);">Static Methods</a></span><span class="tabEnd">&nbsp;</span></span><span id="t4" class="tableTab"><span><a href="javascript:show(8);">Concrete Methods</a></span><span class="tabEnd">&nbsp;</span></span></caption>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#clean(java.lang.String)">clean</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;in)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Returns a 'cleaned' representation of the specified argument.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i1" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static boolean</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#hasLength(java.lang.String)">hasLength</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Check that the given String is neither <code>null</code> nor of length 0.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i2" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static boolean</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#hasText(java.lang.String)">hasText</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Check whether the given String has actual text.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i3" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#join(java.util.Iterator,java.lang.String)">join</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Iterator.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Iterator</a>&lt;?&gt;&nbsp;iterator,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;separator)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Joins the elements of the provided <code>Iterator</code> into
a single String containing the provided elements.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i4" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#split(java.lang.String)">split</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i5" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#split(java.lang.String,char)">split</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
char&nbsp;delimiter)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i6" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#split(java.lang.String,char,char)">split</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;quoteChar)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i7" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#split(java.lang.String,char,char,char)">split</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;beginQuoteChar,
char&nbsp;endQuoteChar)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i8" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#split(java.lang.String,char,char,char,boolean,boolean)">split</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;aLine,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;beginQuoteChar,
char&nbsp;endQuoteChar,
boolean&nbsp;retainQuotes,
boolean&nbsp;trimTokens)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Splits the specified delimited String into tokens, supporting quoted tokens so that quoted strings themselves
won't be tokenized.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i9" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#splitKeyValue(java.lang.String)">splitKeyValue</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;aLine)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i10" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Set.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Set</a>&lt;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&gt;</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#splitToSet(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)">splitToSet</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimited,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;separator)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Splits the <code>delimited</code> string (delimited by the specified <code>separator</code> character) and returns the
delimited values as a <code>Set</code>.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i11" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static boolean</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#startsWithIgnoreCase(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)">startsWithIgnoreCase</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;prefix)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Test if the given String starts with the specified prefix,
ignoring upper/lower case.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i12" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#toDelimitedString(java.lang.Object%5B%5D,java.lang.String)">toDelimitedString</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiter)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Returns the array's contents as a string, with each element delimited by the specified
<code>delimiter</code> argument.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i13" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#toDelimitedString(java.util.Collection,java.lang.String)">toDelimitedString</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Collection</a>&nbsp;c,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiter)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Returns the collection's contents as a string, with each element delimited by the specified
<code>delimiter</code> argument.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i14" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#tokenizeToStringArray(java.lang.String,java.lang.String)">tokenizeToStringArray</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiters)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Tokenize the given String into a String array via a StringTokenizer.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i15" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#tokenizeToStringArray(java.lang.String,java.lang.String,boolean,boolean)">tokenizeToStringArray</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiters,
boolean&nbsp;trimTokens,
boolean&nbsp;ignoreEmptyTokens)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Tokenize the given String into a String array via a StringTokenizer.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i16" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#toString(java.lang.Object%5B%5D)">toString</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Returns the specified array as a comma-delimited (',') string.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i17" class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]</code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#toStringArray(java.util.Collection)">toStringArray</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Collection</a>&nbsp;collection)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Copy the given Collection into a String array.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="i18" class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#uppercaseFirstChar(java.lang.String)">uppercaseFirstChar</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;in)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Returns the input argument, but ensures the first character is capitalized (if possible).</div>
</td>
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<code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#clone()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">clone</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#equals(java.lang.Object)" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">equals</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#finalize()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">finalize</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#getClass()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">getClass</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#hashCode()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">hashCode</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notify()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">notify</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notifyAll()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">notifyAll</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#toString()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">toString</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">wait</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long)" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">wait</a>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long,int)" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">wait</a></code></li>
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<pre>public static final&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a> <a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.39">EMPTY_STRING</a></pre>
<div class="block">Constant representing the empty string, equal to &quot;&quot;</div>
<dl>
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<dd><a href="../../../../constant-values.html#org.apache.shiro.util.StringUtils.EMPTY_STRING">Constant Field Values</a></dd>
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<pre>public static final&nbsp;char <a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.44">DEFAULT_DELIMITER_CHAR</a></pre>
<div class="block">Constant representing the default delimiter character (comma), equal to <code>','</code></div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="../../../../constant-values.html#org.apache.shiro.util.StringUtils.DEFAULT_DELIMITER_CHAR">Constant Field Values</a></dd>
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<pre>public static final&nbsp;char <a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.49">DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHAR</a></pre>
<div class="block">Constant representing the default quote character (double quote), equal to '&quot;'</code></div>
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<dd><a href="../../../../constant-values.html#org.apache.shiro.util.StringUtils.DEFAULT_QUOTE_CHAR">Constant Field Values</a></dd>
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<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.32">StringUtils</a>()</pre>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.69">hasText</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str)</pre>
<div class="block">Check whether the given String has actual text.
More specifically, returns <code>true</code> if the string not <code>null</code>,
its length is greater than 0, and it contains at least one non-whitespace character.
<p/>
<code>StringUtils.hasText(null) == false<br/>
StringUtils.hasText("") == false<br/>
StringUtils.hasText(" ") == false<br/>
StringUtils.hasText("12345") == true<br/>
StringUtils.hasText(" 12345 ") == true</code>
<p/>
<p>Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>str</code> - the String to check (may be <code>null</code>)</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd><code>true</code> if the String is not <code>null</code>, its length is
greater than 0, and it does not contain whitespace only</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html?is-external=true#isWhitespace(char)" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink"><code>Character.isWhitespace(char)</code></a></dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.97">hasLength</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str)</pre>
<div class="block">Check that the given String is neither <code>null</code> nor of length 0.
Note: Will return <code>true</code> for a String that purely consists of whitespace.
<p/>
<code>StringUtils.hasLength(null) == false<br/>
StringUtils.hasLength("") == false<br/>
StringUtils.hasLength(" ") == true<br/>
StringUtils.hasLength("Hello") == true</code>
<p/>
Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>str</code> - the String to check (may be <code>null</code>)</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd><code>true</code> if the String is not null and has length</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="#hasText(java.lang.String)"><code>hasText(String)</code></a></dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.113">startsWithIgnoreCase</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;prefix)</pre>
<div class="block">Test if the given String starts with the specified prefix,
ignoring upper/lower case.
<p/>
<p>Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>str</code> - the String to check</dd>
<dd><code>prefix</code> - the prefix to look for</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd><code>true</code> starts with the specified prefix (ignoring case), <code>false</code> if it does not.</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true#startsWith(java.lang.String,int)" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink"><code>String.startsWith(java.lang.String, int)</code></a></dd>
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<h4>clean</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.144">clean</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;in)</pre>
<div class="block">Returns a 'cleaned' representation of the specified argument. 'Cleaned' is defined as the following:
<p/>
<ol>
<li>If the specified <code>String</code> is <code>null</code>, return <code>null</code></li>
<li>If not <code>null</code>, <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true#trim()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink"><code>trim()</code></a> it.</li>
<li>If the trimmed string is equal to the empty String (i.e. &quot;&quot;), return <code>null</code></li>
<li>If the trimmed string is not the empty string, return the trimmed version</li>.
</ol>
<p/>
Therefore this method always ensures that any given string has trimmed text, and if it doesn't, <code>null</code>
is returned.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>in</code> - the input String to clean.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>a populated-but-trimmed String or <code>null</code> otherwise</dd>
</dl>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.164">toString</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array)</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the specified array as a comma-delimited (',') string.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>array</code> - the array whose contents will be converted to a string.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the array's contents as a comma-delimited (',') string.</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.0</dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.177">toDelimitedString</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiter)</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the array's contents as a string, with each element delimited by the specified
<code>delimiter</code> argument. Useful for <code>toString()</code> implementations and log messages.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>array</code> - the array whose contents will be converted to a string</dd>
<dd><code>delimiter</code> - the delimiter to use between each element</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>a single string, delimited by the specified <code>delimiter</code>.</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.0</dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.200">toDelimitedString</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Collection</a>&nbsp;c,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiter)</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the collection's contents as a string, with each element delimited by the specified
<code>delimiter</code> argument. Useful for <code>toString()</code> implementations and log messages.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>c</code> - the collection whose contents will be converted to a string</dd>
<dd><code>delimiter</code> - the delimiter to use between each element</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>a single string, delimited by the specified <code>delimiter</code>.</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.2</dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.224">tokenizeToStringArray</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiters)</pre>
<div class="block">Tokenize the given String into a String array via a StringTokenizer.
Trims tokens and omits empty tokens.
<p>The given delimiters string is supposed to consist of any number of
delimiter characters. Each of those characters can be used to separate
tokens. A delimiter is always a single character; for multi-character
delimiters, consider using <code>delimitedListToStringArray</code>
<p/>
<p>Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>str</code> - the String to tokenize</dd>
<dd><code>delimiters</code> - the delimiter characters, assembled as String
(each of those characters is individually considered as delimiter).</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>an array of the tokens</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/StringTokenizer.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink"><code>StringTokenizer</code></a>,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true#trim()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink"><code>String.trim()</code></a></dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.249">tokenizeToStringArray</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;str,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimiters,
boolean&nbsp;trimTokens,
boolean&nbsp;ignoreEmptyTokens)</pre>
<div class="block">Tokenize the given String into a String array via a StringTokenizer.
<p>The given delimiters string is supposed to consist of any number of
delimiter characters. Each of those characters can be used to separate
tokens. A delimiter is always a single character; for multi-character
delimiters, consider using <code>delimitedListToStringArray</code>
<p/>
<p>Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>str</code> - the String to tokenize</dd>
<dd><code>delimiters</code> - the delimiter characters, assembled as String
(each of those characters is individually considered as delimiter)</dd>
<dd><code>trimTokens</code> - trim the tokens via String's <code>trim</code></dd>
<dd><code>ignoreEmptyTokens</code> - omit empty tokens from the result array
(only applies to tokens that are empty after trimming; StringTokenizer
will not consider subsequent delimiters as token in the first place).</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>an array of the tokens (<code>null</code> if the input String
was <code>null</code>)</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/StringTokenizer.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink"><code>StringTokenizer</code></a>,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true#trim()" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink"><code>String.trim()</code></a></dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.280">toStringArray</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Collection</a>&nbsp;collection)</pre>
<div class="block">Copy the given Collection into a String array.
The Collection must contain String elements only.
<p/>
<p>Copied from the Spring Framework while retaining all license, copyright and author information.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>collection</code> - the Collection to copy</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the String array (<code>null</code> if the passed-in
Collection was <code>null</code>)</dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.288">splitKeyValue</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;aLine)
throws <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/text/ParseException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.text" class="externalLink">ParseException</a></pre>
<dl>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/text/ParseException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.text" class="externalLink">ParseException</a></code></dd>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.325">split</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line)</pre>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.329">split</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.333">split</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;quoteChar)</pre>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.337">split</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;line,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;beginQuoteChar,
char&nbsp;endQuoteChar)</pre>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>[]&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.361">split</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;aLine,
char&nbsp;delimiter,
char&nbsp;beginQuoteChar,
char&nbsp;endQuoteChar,
boolean&nbsp;retainQuotes,
boolean&nbsp;trimTokens)</pre>
<div class="block">Splits the specified delimited String into tokens, supporting quoted tokens so that quoted strings themselves
won't be tokenized.
<p/>
This method's implementation is very loosely based (with significant modifications) on
<a href="http://blogs.bytecode.com.au/glen">Glen Smith</a>'s open-source
<a href="http://opencsv.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/opencsv/trunk/src/au/com/bytecode/opencsv/CSVReader.java?&view=markup">CSVReader.java</a>
file.
<p/>
That file is Apache 2.0 licensed as well, making Glen's code a great starting point for us to modify to
our needs.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>aLine</code> - the String to parse</dd>
<dd><code>delimiter</code> - the delimiter by which the <tt>line</tt> argument is to be split</dd>
<dd><code>beginQuoteChar</code> - the character signifying the start of quoted text (so the quoted text will not be split)</dd>
<dd><code>endQuoteChar</code> - the character signifying the end of quoted text</dd>
<dd><code>retainQuotes</code> - if the quotes themselves should be retained when constructing the corresponding token</dd>
<dd><code>trimTokens</code> - if leading and trailing whitespace should be trimmed from discovered tokens.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the tokens discovered from parsing the given delimited <tt>line</tt>.</dd>
</dl>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.429">join</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Iterator.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Iterator</a>&lt;?&gt;&nbsp;iterator,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;separator)</pre>
<div class="block">Joins the elements of the provided <code>Iterator</code> into
a single String containing the provided elements.</p>
<p/>
No delimiter is added before or after the list.
A <code>null</code> separator is the same as an empty String ("").</p>
<p/>
Copied from Commons Lang, version 3 (r1138702).</p></div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>iterator</code> - the <code>Iterator</code> of values to join together, may be null</dd>
<dd><code>separator</code> - the separator character to use, null treated as ""</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the joined String, <code>null</code> if null iterator input</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.2</dd>
</dl>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Set.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util" class="externalLink">Set</a>&lt;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&gt;&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.473">splitToSet</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;delimited,
<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;separator)</pre>
<div class="block">Splits the <code>delimited</code> string (delimited by the specified <code>separator</code> character) and returns the
delimited values as a <code>Set</code>.
<p/>
If either argument is <code>null</code>, this method returns <code>null</code>.</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>delimited</code> - the string to split</dd>
<dd><code>separator</code> - the character that delineates individual tokens to split</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the delimited values as a <code>Set</code>.</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.2</dd>
</dl>
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<pre class="methodSignature">public static&nbsp;<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/StringUtils.html#line.487">uppercaseFirstChar</a>&#8203;(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang" class="externalLink">String</a>&nbsp;in)</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the input argument, but ensures the first character is capitalized (if possible).</div>
<dl>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>in</code> - the string to uppercase the first character.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the input argument, but with the first character capitalized (if possible).</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.2</dd>
</dl>
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