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 <h2 title="Class Assert" class="title">Class Assert</h2>
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 <pre>public abstract class <a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#line.59">Assert</a>
 extends <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a></pre>
 <div class="block">Assertion utility class that assists in validating arguments.
  Useful for identifying programmer errors early and clearly at runtime.
  Usage also reduces a program's
  <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclomatic_complexity">cyclomatic complexity</a>.

  <p>For example, if the contract of a public method states it does not
  allow <code>null</code> arguments, Assert can be used to validate that
  contract. Doing this clearly indicates a contract violation when it
  occurs and protects the class's invariants.

  <p>Typically used to validate method arguments rather than configuration
  properties, to check for cases that are usually programmer errors rather than
  configuration errors. In contrast to config initialization code, there is
  usally no point in falling back to defaults in such methods.

  <p>This class is similar to JUnit's assertion library. If an argument value is
  deemed invalid, an <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><code>IllegalArgumentException</code></a> is thrown (typically).
  For example:

  <pre class="code">
  Assert.notNull(clazz, "The class must not be null");
  Assert.isTrue(i > 0, "The value must be greater than zero");</pre>

  Mainly for internal use within the framework; consider Jakarta's Commons Lang
  >= 2.0 for a more comprehensive suite of assertion utilities.
  <p/>
  <em>Gratefully borrowed from the Spring Framework, also Apache 2.0 licensed</em></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
 <dd>1.3</dd>
 <dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Author:</span></dt>
 <dd>Keith Donald, Juergen Hoeller, Colin Sampaleanu, Rob Harrop</dd>
 </dl>
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 <td class="colOne"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#Assert--">Assert</a></span>()</code>&nbsp;</td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that the given String has valid text content; that is, it must not
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 <div class="block">Assert that <code>superType.isAssignableFrom(subType)</code> is <code>true</code>.</div>
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 <tr id="i7" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that <code>superType.isAssignableFrom(subType)</code> is <code>true</code>.</div>
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 <tr id="i8" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that the provided object is an instance of the provided class.</div>
 </td>
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 <tr id="i9" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that the provided object is an instance of the provided class.</div>
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 <tr id="i10" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#isNull-java.lang.Object-">isNull</a></span>(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;object)</code>
 <div class="block">Assert that an object is <code>null</code> .</div>
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr id="i11" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#isNull-java.lang.Object-java.lang.String-">isNull</a></span>(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;object,
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 <div class="block">Assert that an object is <code>null</code> .</div>
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 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#isTrue-boolean-">isTrue</a></span>(boolean&nbsp;expression)</code>
 <div class="block">Assert a boolean expression, throwing <code>IllegalArgumentException</code>
  if the test result is <code>false</code>.</div>
 </td>
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 <tr id="i13" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#isTrue-boolean-java.lang.String-">isTrue</a></span>(boolean&nbsp;expression,
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 <div class="block">Assert a boolean expression, throwing <code>IllegalArgumentException</code>
  if the test result is <code>false</code>.</div>
 </td>
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 <tr id="i14" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#noNullElements-java.lang.Object:A-">noNullElements</a></span>(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array)</code>
 <div class="block">Assert that an array has no null elements.</div>
 </td>
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 <tr id="i15" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#noNullElements-java.lang.Object:A-java.lang.String-">noNullElements</a></span>(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>[]&nbsp;array,
               <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;message)</code>
 <div class="block">Assert that an array has no null elements.</div>
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 <tr id="i16" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
 <td class="colLast"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#notEmpty-java.util.Collection-">notEmpty</a></span>(<a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util">Collection</a>&nbsp;collection)</code>
 <div class="block">Assert that a collection has elements; that is, it must not be
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 <tr id="i17" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that a collection has elements; that is, it must not be
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 <tr id="i18" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that a Map has entries; that is, it must not be <code>null</code>
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 <tr id="i19" class="rowColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that a Map has entries; that is, it must not be <code>null</code>
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 <tr id="i20" class="altColor">
 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that an array has elements; that is, it must not be
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 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that an array has elements; that is, it must not be
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 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <td class="colFirst"><code>static void</code></td>
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 <div class="block">Assert that a collection has elements; that is, it must not be
  <code>null</code> and must have at least one element.
  <pre class="code">Assert.notEmpty(collection, "Collection must have elements");</pre></div>
 <dl>
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 <dd><code>collection</code> - the collection to check</dd>
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                             <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;message)</pre>
 <div class="block">Assert that a Map has entries; that is, it must not be <code>null</code>
  and must have at least one entry.
  <pre class="code">Assert.notEmpty(map, "Map must have entries");</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>map</code> - the map to check</dd>
 <dd><code>message</code> - the exception message to use if the assertion fails</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the map is <code>null</code> or has no entries</dd>
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 <div class="block">Assert that a Map has entries; that is, it must not be <code>null</code>
  and must have at least one entry.
  <pre class="code">Assert.notEmpty(map);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>map</code> - the map to check</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the map is <code>null</code> or has no entries</dd>
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 <div class="block">Assert that the provided object is an instance of the provided class.
  <pre class="code">Assert.instanceOf(Foo.class, foo);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>clazz</code> - the required class</dd>
 <dd><code>obj</code> - the object to check</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the object is not an instance of clazz</dd>
 <dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
 <dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true#isInstance-java.lang.Object-" title="class or interface in java.lang"><code>Class.isInstance(java.lang.Object)</code></a></dd>
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                                 <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj,
                                 <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;message)</pre>
 <div class="block">Assert that the provided object is an instance of the provided class.
  <pre class="code">Assert.instanceOf(Foo.class, foo);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>type</code> - the type to check against</dd>
 <dd><code>obj</code> - the object to check</dd>
 <dd><code>message</code> - a message which will be prepended to the message produced by
  the function itself, and which may be used to provide context. It should
  normally end in a ": " or ". " so that the function generate message looks
  ok when prepended to it.</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the object is not an instance of clazz</dd>
 <dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
 <dd><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true#isInstance-java.lang.Object-" title="class or interface in java.lang"><code>Class.isInstance(java.lang.Object)</code></a></dd>
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                                 <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</a>&nbsp;subType)</pre>
 <div class="block">Assert that <code>superType.isAssignableFrom(subType)</code> is <code>true</code>.
  <pre class="code">Assert.isAssignable(Number.class, myClass);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>superType</code> - the super type to check</dd>
 <dd><code>subType</code> - the sub type to check</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the classes are not assignable</dd>
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                                 <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</a>&nbsp;subType,
                                 <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;message)</pre>
 <div class="block">Assert that <code>superType.isAssignableFrom(subType)</code> is <code>true</code>.
  <pre class="code">Assert.isAssignable(Number.class, myClass);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>superType</code> - the super type to check against</dd>
 <dd><code>subType</code> - the sub type to check</dd>
 <dd><code>message</code> - a message which will be prepended to the message produced by
  the function itself, and which may be used to provide context. It should
  normally end in a ": " or ". " so that the function generate message looks
  ok when prepended to it.</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the classes are not assignable</dd>
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 <div class="block">Assert a boolean expression, throwing <code>IllegalStateException</code>
  if the test result is <code>false</code>. Call isTrue if you wish to
  throw IllegalArgumentException on an assertion failure.
  <pre class="code">Assert.state(id == null, "The id property must not already be initialized");</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>expression</code> - a boolean expression</dd>
 <dd><code>message</code> - the exception message to use if the assertion fails</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalStateException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalStateException</a></code> - if expression is <code>false</code></dd>
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 <pre>public static&nbsp;void&nbsp;<a href="../../../../src-html/org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#line.403">state</a>(boolean&nbsp;expression)</pre>
 <div class="block">Assert a boolean expression, throwing <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalStateException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><code>IllegalStateException</code></a>
  if the test result is <code>false</code>.
  <p>Call <a href="../../../../org/apache/shiro/util/Assert.html#isTrue-boolean-"><code>isTrue(boolean)</code></a> if you wish to
  throw <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalArgumentException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><code>IllegalArgumentException</code></a> on an assertion failure.
  <pre class="code">Assert.state(id == null);</pre></div>
 <dl>
 <dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
 <dd><code>expression</code> - a boolean expression</dd>
 <dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
 <dd><code><a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/IllegalStateException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">IllegalStateException</a></code> - if the supplied expression is <code>false</code></dd>
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