/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package org.apache.samza.operators.impl;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.samza.metrics.MetricsRegistry;
import org.apache.samza.system.SystemStream;
import org.apache.samza.system.SystemStreamPartition;
import org.apache.samza.system.WatermarkMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * This class manages the watermarks coming from input/intermediate streams in a task. Internally it keeps track
 * of the latest watermark timestamp from each upstream task, and use the min as the consolidated watermark time.
 *
 * This class is thread-safe. However, having parallelism within a task may result in out-of-order processing
 * and inaccurate watermarks. In this scenario, watermarks might be emitted before the previous messages fully processed.
 */
class WatermarkStates {
  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WatermarkStates.class);

  public static final long WATERMARK_NOT_EXIST = -1;

  private final static class WatermarkState {
    private final int expectedTotal;
    private final Map<String, Long> timestamps = new HashMap<>();
    private volatile long watermarkTime = WATERMARK_NOT_EXIST;

    WatermarkState(int expectedTotal) {
      this.expectedTotal = expectedTotal;
    }

    synchronized void update(long timestamp, String taskName) {
      if (taskName != null) {
        Long ts = timestamps.get(taskName);
        if (ts != null && ts > timestamp) {
          LOG.warn(String.format("Incoming watermark %s is smaller than existing watermark %s for upstream task %s",
              timestamp, ts, taskName));
        } else {
          timestamps.put(taskName, timestamp);
        }
      }

      if (taskName == null) {
        // we get watermark either from the source or from the aggregator task
        watermarkTime = Math.max(watermarkTime, timestamp);
      } else if (timestamps.size() == expectedTotal) {
        // For any intermediate streams, the expectedTotal is the upstream task count.
        // Check whether we got all the watermarks, and set the watermark to be the min.
        Optional<Long> min = timestamps.values().stream().min(Long::compare);
        watermarkTime = min.orElse(timestamp);
      }
    }

    long getWatermarkTime() {
      return watermarkTime;
    }
  }

  private final Map<SystemStreamPartition, WatermarkState> watermarkStates;
  private final List<SystemStreamPartition> intermediateSsps;
  private final WatermarkMetrics watermarkMetrics;

  WatermarkStates(
      Set<SystemStreamPartition> ssps,
      Map<SystemStream, Integer> producerTaskCounts,
      MetricsRegistry metricsRegistry) {
    final Map<SystemStreamPartition, WatermarkState> states = new HashMap<>();
    final List<SystemStreamPartition> intSsps = new ArrayList<>();

    ssps.forEach(ssp -> {
      final int producerCount = producerTaskCounts.getOrDefault(ssp.getSystemStream(), 0);
      states.put(ssp, new WatermarkState(producerCount));
      if (producerCount != 0) {
        intSsps.add(ssp);
      }
    });
    this.watermarkStates = Collections.unmodifiableMap(states);
    this.watermarkMetrics = new WatermarkMetrics(metricsRegistry);
    this.intermediateSsps = Collections.unmodifiableList(intSsps);
  }

  /**
   * Update the state upon receiving a watermark message.
   * @param watermarkMessage message of {@link WatermarkMessage}
   * @param ssp system stream partition
   * @return true iff the stream has a new watermark
   */
  void update(WatermarkMessage watermarkMessage, SystemStreamPartition ssp) {
    WatermarkState state = watermarkStates.get(ssp);
    if (state != null) {
      state.update(watermarkMessage.getTimestamp(), watermarkMessage.getTaskName());
    } else {
      LOG.error("SSP {} doesn't have watermark states", ssp);
    }
  }

  long getWatermark(SystemStream systemStream) {
    return watermarkStates.entrySet().stream()
        .filter(entry -> entry.getKey().getSystemStream().equals(systemStream))
        .map(entry -> entry.getValue().getWatermarkTime())
        .min(Long::compare)
        .orElse(WATERMARK_NOT_EXIST);
  }

  /* package private for testing */
  long getWatermarkPerSSP(SystemStreamPartition ssp) {
    return watermarkStates.get(ssp).getWatermarkTime();
  }

  void updateAggregateMetric(SystemStreamPartition ssp, long time) {
    if (intermediateSsps.contains(ssp)) {
      // Only report the aggregates watermarks for intermediate streams
      // to reduce the amount of metrics
      watermarkMetrics.setAggregateTime(ssp, time);
    }
  }
}