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<p>TLS authentication is an extension of <a href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-transport">TLS transport encryption</a>. Not only servers have keys and certs that the client uses to verify the identity of servers, clients also have keys and certs that the server uses to verify the identity of clients. You must have TLS transport encryption configured on your cluster before you can use TLS authentication. This guide assumes you already have TLS transport encryption configured.</p>
<p><code>Bouncy Castle Provider</code> provides TLS related cipher suites and algorithms in Pulsar. If you need <a href="https://www.bouncycastle.org/fips_faq.html">FIPS</a> version of <code>Bouncy Castle Provider</code>, please reference <a href="/docs/en/next/security-bouncy-castle">Bouncy Castle page</a>.</p>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="create-client-certificates"></a><a href="#create-client-certificates" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Create client certificates</h3>
<p>Client certificates are generated using the certificate authority. Server certificates are also generated with the same certificate authority.</p>
<p>The biggest difference between client certs and server certs is that the <strong>common name</strong> for the client certificate is the <strong>role token</strong> which that client is authenticated as.</p>
<p>To use client certificates, you need to set <code>tlsRequireTrustedClientCertOnConnect=true</code> at the broker side. For details, refer to <a href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-transport#configure-broker">TLS broker configuration</a>.</p>
<p>First, you need to enter the following command to generate the key :</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-bash">$ openssl genrsa -out admin.key.pem 2048
</code></pre>
<p>Similar to the broker, the client expects the key to be in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKCS_8">PKCS 8</a> format, so you need to convert it by entering the following command:</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-bash">$ openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -outform PEM \
      -<span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> admin.key.pem -out admin.key-pk8.pem -nocrypt
</code></pre>
<p>Next, enter the command below to generate the certificate request. When you are asked for a <strong>common name</strong>, enter the <strong>role token</strong> that you want this key pair to authenticate a client as.</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-bash">$ openssl req -config openssl.cnf \
      -key admin.key.pem -new -sha256 -out admin.csr.pem
</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>Note
If openssl.cnf is not specified, read <a href="http://pulsar.apache.org/docs/en/security-tls-transport/#certificate-authority">Certificate authority</a> to get the openssl.cnf.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Then, enter the command below to sign with request with the certificate authority. Note that the client certs uses the <strong>usr_cert</strong> extension, which allows the cert to be used for client authentication.</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-bash">$ openssl ca -config openssl.cnf -extensions usr_cert \
      -days 1000 -notext -md sha256 \
      -<span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> admin.csr.pem -out admin.cert.pem
</code></pre>
<p>You can get a cert, <code>admin.cert.pem</code>, and a key, <code>admin.key-pk8.pem</code> from this command. With <code>ca.cert.pem</code>, clients can use this cert and this key to authenticate themselves to brokers and proxies as the role token <code>admin</code>.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Note
If the &quot;unable to load CA private key&quot; error occurs and the reason of this error is &quot;No such file or directory: /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem&quot; in this step. Try the command below:</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-bash">$ <span class="hljs-built_in">cd</span> /etc/pki/tls/misc/CA
$ ./CA -newca
</code></pre>
<p>to generate <code>cakey.pem</code> .</p>
</blockquote>
<h2><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="enable-tls-authentication-on-brokers"></a><a href="#enable-tls-authentication-on-brokers" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Enable TLS authentication on brokers</h2>
<p>To configure brokers to authenticate clients, add the following parameters to <code>broker.conf</code>, alongside <a href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-transport#broker-configuration">the configuration to enable tls transport</a>:</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-properties"><span class="hljs-comment"># Configuration to enable authentication</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authenticationEnabled</span>=<span class="hljs-string">true</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authenticationProviders</span>=<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.pulsar.broker.authentication.AuthenticationProviderTls</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">
# operations and publish/consume from all topics</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">superUserRoles</span>=<span class="hljs-string">admin</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">
# Authentication settings of the broker itself. Used when the broker connects to other brokers, either in same or other clusters</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientTlsEnabled</span>=<span class="hljs-string">true</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientAuthenticationPlugin</span>=<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationTls</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientAuthenticationParameters</span>=<span class="hljs-string">{"tlsCertFile":"/path/my-ca/admin.cert.pem","tlsKeyFile":"/path/my-ca/admin.key-pk8.pem"}</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientTrustCertsFilePath</span>=<span class="hljs-string">/path/my-ca/certs/ca.cert.pem</span>
</code></pre>
<h2><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="enable-tls-authentication-on-proxies"></a><a href="#enable-tls-authentication-on-proxies" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Enable TLS authentication on proxies</h2>
<p>To configure proxies to authenticate clients, add the following parameters to <code>proxy.conf</code>, alongside <a href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-transport#proxy-configuration">the configuration to enable tls transport</a>:</p>
<p>The proxy should have its own client key pair for connecting to brokers. You need to configure the role token for this key pair in the <code>proxyRoles</code> of the brokers. See the <a href="/docs/en/next/security-authorization">authorization guide</a> for more details.</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-properties"><span class="hljs-comment"># For clients connecting to the proxy</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authenticationEnabled</span>=<span class="hljs-string">true</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authenticationProviders</span>=<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.pulsar.broker.authentication.AuthenticationProviderTls</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">
# For the proxy to connect to brokers</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientAuthenticationPlugin</span>=<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationTls</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerClientAuthenticationParameters</span>=<span class="hljs-string">tlsCertFile:/path/to/proxy.cert.pem,tlsKeyFile:/path/to/proxy.key-pk8.pem</span>
</code></pre>
<h2><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="client-configuration"></a><a href="#client-configuration" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Client configuration</h2>
<p>When you use TLS authentication, client connects via TLS transport. You need to configure the client to use <code>https://</code> and 8443 port for the web service URL, <code>pulsar+ssl://</code> and 6651 port for the broker service URL.</p>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="cli-tools"></a><a href="#cli-tools" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>CLI tools</h3>
<p><a href="/docs/en/next/reference-cli-tools">Command-line tools</a> like <a href="/docs/en/next/reference-pulsar-admin"><code>pulsar-admin</code></a>, <a href="/docs/en/next/reference-cli-tools#pulsar-perf"><code>pulsar-perf</code></a>, and <a href="/docs/en/next/reference-cli-tools#pulsar-client"><code>pulsar-client</code></a> use the <code>conf/client.conf</code> config file in a Pulsar installation.</p>
<p>You need to add the following parameters to that file to use TLS authentication with the CLI tools of Pulsar:</p>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-properties"><span class="hljs-attr">webServiceUrl</span>=<span class="hljs-string">https://broker.example.com:8443/</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">brokerServiceUrl</span>=<span class="hljs-string">pulsar+ssl://broker.example.com:6651/</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">useTls</span>=<span class="hljs-string">true</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">tlsAllowInsecureConnection</span>=<span class="hljs-string">false</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">tlsTrustCertsFilePath</span>=<span class="hljs-string">/path/to/ca.cert.pem</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authPlugin</span>=<span class="hljs-string">org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationTls</span>
<span class="hljs-attr">authParams</span>=<span class="hljs-string">tlsCertFile:/path/to/my-role.cert.pem,tlsKeyFile:/path/to/my-role.key-pk8.pem</span>
</code></pre>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="java-client"></a><a href="#java-client" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Java client</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-java"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> org.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClient;

PulsarClient client = PulsarClient.builder()
    .serviceUrl(<span class="hljs-string">"pulsar+ssl://broker.example.com:6651/"</span>)
    .enableTls(<span class="hljs-keyword">true</span>)
    .tlsTrustCertsFilePath(<span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/ca.cert.pem"</span>)
    .authentication(<span class="hljs-string">"org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.auth.AuthenticationTls"</span>,
                    <span class="hljs-string">"tlsCertFile:/path/to/my-role.cert.pem,tlsKeyFile:/path/to/my-role.key-pk8.pem"</span>)
    .build();
</code></pre>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="python-client"></a><a href="#python-client" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Python client</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-python"><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> pulsar <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Client, AuthenticationTLS

auth = AuthenticationTLS(<span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/my-role.cert.pem"</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/my-role.key-pk8.pem"</span>)
client = Client(<span class="hljs-string">"pulsar+ssl://broker.example.com:6651/"</span>,
                tls_trust_certs_file_path=<span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/ca.cert.pem"</span>,
                tls_allow_insecure_connection=<span class="hljs-literal">False</span>,
                authentication=auth)
</code></pre>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="c-client"></a><a href="#c-client" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>C++ client</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-c++"><span class="hljs-meta">#<span class="hljs-meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="hljs-meta-string">&lt;pulsar/Client.h&gt;</span></span>

pulsar::ClientConfiguration <span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>;
<span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>.setUseTls(<span class="hljs-literal">true</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>.setTlsTrustCertsFilePath(<span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/ca.cert.pem"</span>);
<span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>.setTlsAllowInsecureConnection(<span class="hljs-literal">false</span>);

pulsar::AuthenticationPtr auth = pulsar::AuthTls::create(<span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/my-role.cert.pem"</span>,
                                                         <span class="hljs-string">"/path/to/my-role.key-pk8.pem"</span>)
<span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>.setAuth(auth);

<span class="hljs-function">pulsar::<span class="hljs-built_in">Client</span> <span class="hljs-title">client</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-string">"pulsar+ssl://broker.example.com:6651/"</span>, <span class="hljs-built_in">config</span>)</span></span>;
</code></pre>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="nodejs-client"></a><a href="#nodejs-client" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Node.js client</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-JavaScript"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> Pulsar = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'pulsar-client'</span>);

<span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params"><span class="hljs-keyword">async</span> (</span>) =&gt;</span> {
  <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> auth = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Pulsar.AuthenticationTls({
    <span class="hljs-attr">certificatePath</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/path/to/my-role.cert.pem'</span>,
    <span class="hljs-attr">privateKeyPath</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/path/to/my-role.key-pk8.pem'</span>,
  });

  <span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> client = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Pulsar.Client({
    <span class="hljs-attr">serviceUrl</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'pulsar+ssl://broker.example.com:6651/'</span>,
    <span class="hljs-attr">authentication</span>: auth,
    <span class="hljs-attr">tlsTrustCertsFilePath</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/path/to/ca.cert.pem'</span>,
  });
})();
</code></pre>
<h3><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="c-client-1"></a><a href="#c-client-1" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>C# client</h3>
<pre><code class="hljs css language-c#"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> clientCertificate = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> X509Certificate2(<span class="hljs-string">"admin.pfx"</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> client = PulsarClient.Builder()
                         .AuthenticateUsingClientCertificate(clientCertificate)
                         .Build();
</code></pre>
</span></div></article></div><div class="docs-prevnext"><a class="docs-prev button" href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-transport"><span class="arrow-prev">← </span><span>Transport Encryption using TLS</span></a><a class="docs-next button" href="/docs/en/next/security-tls-keystore"><span class="function-name-prevnext">Using TLS with KeyStore configure</span><span class="arrow-next"> →</span></a></div></div></div><nav class="onPageNav"><ul class="toc-headings"><li><a href="#tls-authentication-overview">TLS authentication overview</a><ul class="toc-headings"><li><a href="#create-client-certificates">Create client certificates</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#enable-tls-authentication-on-brokers">Enable TLS authentication on brokers</a></li><li><a href="#enable-tls-authentication-on-proxies">Enable TLS authentication on proxies</a></li><li><a href="#client-configuration">Client configuration</a><ul class="toc-headings"><li><a href="#cli-tools">CLI tools</a></li><li><a href="#java-client">Java client</a></li><li><a href="#python-client">Python client</a></li><li><a href="#c-client">C++ client</a></li><li><a href="#nodejs-client">Node.js client</a></li><li><a href="#c-client-1">C# client</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div><footer class="nav-footer" id="footer"><section class="copyright">Copyright © 2022 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved. Apache, Apache Pulsar and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.</section><span><script>
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