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= 第 3 课：创建新的应用程序用户
:jbake-type: tutorial
:jbake-tags: tutorials 
:jbake-status: published
:icons: font
:syntax: true
:source-highlighter: pygments
:toc: left
:toc-title:
:description: 第 3 课：创建新的应用程序用户 - Apache NetBeans
:keywords: Apache NetBeans, Tutorials, 第 3 课：创建新的应用程序用户

在本课中，将使用“创建新的许愿者”功能扩展应用程序。

该实现将影响 index.php 文件，并将创建名为  ``createNewWisher.php``  和  ``editWishList.php``  的两个新文件。

“创建新的许愿者”用例包含三个步骤：

1. <<addLinkNewWisher,用户打开主页 index.php，然后单击链接进行注册>>。
2. <<implementCreateNewWisher,用户切换到 createNewWisher.php 页以创建新的许愿者>>。
3. 在创建新的许愿者后，用户将切换到 editWishList.php，以便在其中为该用户创建愿望列表。

image::images/page-flow-diagram-l3.png[]

当前文档是“在适用于 PHP 的 NetBeans IDE 中创建数据库应用程序”教程的一部分。


== 来自上一课的应用程序源代码

MySQL 用户：单击link:https://netbeans.org/files/documents/4/1928/lesson2.zip[+此处+]以下载源代码，该代码反映了在完成上一课之后的项目状态。

Oracle 数据库用户：单击link:https://netbeans.org/projects/www/downloads/download/php%252Foracle-lesson2.zip[+此处+]以下载源代码，该代码反映了在完成上一课之后的项目状态。


== 添加链接以开始创建新的许愿者

打开  ``index.php`` 。在结束 </form> 标记下面添加一个空行。在该空行中，输入以下代码块：


[source,html]
----

 <br>Still don't have a wish list?! <a href="createNewWisher.php">Create now</a>
----

其中，

*  ``Still don't have a wish list?! ``  是在页面上的链接旁边显示的文本。
*  ``<a href="createNewWisher.php"></a>``  是实现打开 createNewWisher.php 页的链接的代码。
*  ``Create now``  是作为链接显示的文本。


== 创建新 PHP Web 页

在项目的 "Source Files"（源文件）中创建两个新的 PHP Web 页，如第 2 课link:wish-list-lesson2.html#createNewFile[+所述+]。

*  ``createNewWisher.php`` 
*  ``editWishList.php`` 

在  ``editWishList.php``  中，将文本 "Hello!" 添加到 HTML 主体中，否则应将其与默认内容保存在一起。将在后面的课程中修改该文件，但需要该文件现在存在，因为  ``createNewWisher.php``  引用该文件。在本课的其余部分，将修改  ``createNewWisher.php`` 。


== 添加 HTML 窗体以输入新的许愿者数据

在  ``createNewWisher.php``  的 PHP 块下面键入或粘贴以下 HTML 块：


[source,html]
----

<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>Welcome!<br><form action="createNewWisher.php" method="POST">Your name: <input type="text" name="user"/><br/>Password: <input type="password" name="password"/><br/>Please confirm your password: <input type="password" name="password2"/><br/><input type="submit" value="Register"/></form></body>
</html>
----

NOTE:  ``password``  类型是一种特殊的文本字段类型，其中将字符替换为星号。该代码显示一个 link:wish-list-lesson3.html#htmlForm[+HTML 窗体+]，以使用户在文本字段中输入新许愿者的名字和口令。在用户单击 "Register" 按钮时，输入的数据将传输到相同页 ( ``createNewWisher.php`` ) 进行验证。

NOTE: 您可以忽略来自 HTML 验证器的警告。


=== 验证数据并将其添加到数据库中

在此部分，您要将 PHP 代码添加到  ``createNewWisher.php``  中。将该代码添加到文件顶部的 PHP 块中。PHP 块必须在*所有* HTML 代码上面，是空行或是空白内容。要使重定向语句正常工作，PHP 代码块位置是非常重要的。在 PHP 块中，按编写顺序键入或粘贴本节下面介绍的代码块。

*添加以下代码以验证数据：*

1. 初始化变量。前几个变量用于传送数据库凭证，其他变量在 PHP 操作中使用。

[source,php]
----

/** database connection credentials */$dbHost="localhost"; //on MySql
$dbXeHost="localhost/XE"; $dbUsername="phpuser";$dbPassword="phpuserpw";

/** other variables */
$userNameIsUnique = true;
$passwordIsValid = true;				
$userIsEmpty = false;					
$passwordIsEmpty = false;				
$password2IsEmpty = false;	

			
----

[start=2]
. 在这些变量下面，添加一个  ``if `` 子句。 ``if``  子句的参数检查是否通过 POST 方法从自身请求页面。如果不是，将不执行进一步验证，并且页面显示上述空字段。

[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

}
----

[start=3]
. 在  ``if``  子句的花括号中，添加另一个  ``if``  子句，用于检查用户是否填写了许愿者的名字。如果文本字段 "user" 为空，则将  ``$userIsEmpty``  值更改为 true。

[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */    *
    if ($_POST["user"]=="") {
    $userIsEmpty = true;
    }*
}
----

[start=4]
. 添加代码以建立数据库连接。如果无法建立连接，则将 MySQL 或 Oracle OCI8 错误发送到输出。

*对于 MySQL 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */    
    if ($_POST["user"]=="") {
        $userIsEmpty = true;
    }

    /** Create database connection */*$con = mysqli_connect($dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword);
if (!$con) {
exit('Connect Error (' . mysqli_connect_errno() . ') '
. mysqli_connect_error());
}
//set the default client character set 
mysqli_set_charset($con, 'utf-8');*
} 
----

*对于 Oracle 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {

/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */
    if ($_POST['user'] == "") {
        $userIsEmpty = true;
    }

    /** Create database connection */*$con = oci_connect($dbUsername, $dbPassword, $dbXeHost, "AL32UTF8");
    if (!$con) {
        $m = oci_error();
        exit('Connect Error' . $m['message']);

    }*
}
----

[start=5]
. 添加代码以检查名字与 "user" 字段匹配的用户是否已存在。该代码的工作方式是，尝试查找名字与 "user" 字段中的名字匹配的许愿者 ID 号。如果此类 ID 号存在，则将  ``$userNameIsUnique``  的值更改为 "false"。

*对于 MySQL 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {

/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */

    if ($_POST["user"]=="") {
        $userIsEmpty = true;
    }/** Create database connection */$con = mysqli_connect($dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword);if (!$con) {exit('Connect Error (' . mysqli_connect_errno() . ') '. mysqli_connect_error());}*/**set the default client character set */ 
mysqli_set_charset($con, 'utf-8');*
   */** Check whether a user whose name matches the "user" field already exists */**mysqli_select_db($con, "wishlist");
    $user = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, $_POST["user"]);
$wisher = mysqli_query($con, "SELECT id FROM wishers WHERE name='".$user."'");
$wisherIDnum=mysqli_num_rows($wisher);
if ($wisherIDnum) {
$userNameIsUnique = false;
}*
} 
----

*对于 Oracle 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */
    if ($_POST['user'] == "") {
        $userIsEmpty = true;
    }
    /** Create database connection */$con = oci_connect($dbUsername, $dbPassword, $dbXeHost, "AL32UTF8");
    if (!$con) {
        $m = oci_error();
        exit('Connection Error ' . $m['message']);

    }

   */** Check whether a user whose name matches the "user" field already exists */*
    *$query = "SELECT id FROM wishers WHERE name = :user_bv";
    $stid = oci_parse($con, $query);
    $user = $_POST['user'];
    $wisherID = null;
    oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':user_bv', $user);
    oci_execute($stid);

// Each user name should be unique. Check if the submitted user already exists.
    $row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC);
    if ($row){
        $userNameIsUnique = false;
    }*
}
----

[start=6]
. 在检查用户是否唯一的代码后面，添加一系列  ``if``  子句，以便检查用户是否正确输入并确认了口令。该代码检查窗体中的 Password ("password") 和 Confirm Password ('password2) 字段是否不为空以及是否相同。如果为空或不相同，则会更改相应的布尔型变量的值。

[source,php]
----

if ($_POST["password"]=="") {$passwordIsEmpty = true;
}if ($_POST["password2"]=="") {$password2IsEmpty = true;
}if ($_POST["password"]!=$_POST["password2"]) {$passwordIsValid = false;
} 
----

[start=7]
. 通过添加在 "wishers" 数据库中插入新条目的代码，完成  ``if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST")``  子句。该代码检查是否唯一地指定了许愿者名字，以及是否有效地输入并确认了口令。如果符合这些条件，该代码将从 HTML 窗体中提取 "user" 和 "password" 值，然后将其分别插入到 wishers 数据库新行中的 Name 和 Password 列。在创建该行后，该代码将关闭数据库连接并将应用程序重定向到  ``editWishList.php``  页。

*对于 MySQL 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {
    /** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */
    if ($_POST['user'] == "") {
        $userIsEmpty = true;
    }

    /** Create database connection */
    $con = mysqli_connect($dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword);
    if (!$con) {
        exit('Connect Error (' . mysqli_connect_errno() . ') '
                . mysqli_connect_error());
    }
    //set the default client character set 
    mysqli_set_charset($con, 'utf-8');

    /** Check whether a user whose name matches the "user" field already exists */
    mysqli_select_db($con, "wishlist");
    $user = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, $_POST['user']);
    $wisher = mysqli_query($con, "SELECT id FROM wishers WHERE name='".$user."'");
    $wisherIDnum=mysqli_num_rows($wisher);
    if ($wisherIDnum) {
        $userNameIsUnique = false;
    }

    /** Check whether a password was entered and confirmed correctly */
    if ($_POST['password'] == "") {
        $passwordIsEmpty = true;
    }
    if ($_POST['password2'] == "") {
        $password2IsEmpty = true;
    }
    if ($_POST['password'] != $_POST['password2']) {
        $passwordIsValid = false;
    }

    /** Check whether the boolean values show that the input data was validated successfully.
     * If the data was validated successfully, add it as a new entry in the "wishers" database.
     * After adding the new entry, close the connection and redirect the application to editWishList.php.
     */
    *if (!$userIsEmpty &amp;&amp; $userNameIsUnique &amp;&amp; !$passwordIsEmpty &amp;&amp; !$password2IsEmpty &amp;&amp; $passwordIsValid) {
        $password = mysqli_real_escape_string($con, $_POST['password']);
        mysqli_select_db($con, "wishlist");
        mysqli_query($con, "INSERT wishers (name, password) VALUES ('" . $user . "', '" . $password . "')");
        mysqli_free_result($wisher);
        mysqli_close($con);
        header('Location: editWishList.php');
        exit;
    }*
}
----

*对于 Oracle 数据库：*


[source,php]
----

/** Check that the page was requested from itself via the POST method. */
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == "POST") {

/** Check whether the user has filled in the wisher's name in the text field "user" */
    if ($_POST['user'] == "")
        $userIsEmpty = true;

    /** Create database connection */
    $con = oci_connect($dbUsername, $dbPassword, $dbXeHost, "AL32UTF8");
    if (!$con) {
        $m = oci_error();
        echo $m['message'], "\n";
        exit;
    }
    
    /** Check whether a user whose name matches the "user" field already exists */
    $query = "select ID from wishers where name = :user_bv";
    $stid = oci_parse($con, $query);
    $user = $_POST['user'];
    $wisherID = null;
    oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':user_bv', $user);
    oci_execute($stid);

/**Each user name should be unique. Check if the submitted user already exists. */
    $row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC);
    if ($row) {
    $wisherID = $row['ID']; 
    }
    if ($wisherID != null) {
        $userNameIsUnique = false;
    }
    //Check for the existence and validity of the password
    if ($_POST['password'] == "") {
        $passwordIsEmpty = true;
    }
    if ($_POST['password2'] == "") {
        $password2IsEmpty = true;
    }
    if ($_POST['password'] != $_POST['password2']) {
        $passwordIsValid = false;
    }
    /** Check whether the boolean values show that the input data was validated successfully.
     * If the data was validated successfully, add it as a new entry in the "wishers" database.
     * After adding the new entry, close the connection and redirect the application to editWishList.php.
     */
    *if (!$userIsEmpty &amp;&amp; $userNameIsUnique &amp;&amp; !$passwordIsEmpty &amp;&amp; !$password2IsEmpty &amp;&amp; $passwordIsValid) {

        $query = "INSERT INTO wishers (name, password) VALUES (:user_bv, :pwd_bv)";
        $stid = oci_parse($con, $query);
        $pwd = $_POST['password'];
        oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':user_bv', $user);
        oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':pwd_bv', $pwd);
        oci_execute($stid);
        oci_free_statement($stid);
        oci_close($con);
        header('Location: editWishList.php');
        exit;
    }*
}
----


== 在输入窗体中显示错误消息

现在，将实现在输入无效数据时显示错误消息的功能。该实现基于验证和布尔型变量值更改，如<<validatinDataBeforeAddingToDatabase,验证数据并将其添加到数据库中>>所述。

1. 在 HTML 输入窗体中，在许愿者的名字输入下面输入以下 PHP 代码块：

[source,php]
----

Welcome!<br><form action="createNewWisher.php" method="POST">Your name: <input type="text" name="user"/><br/>

*<?php
    if ($userIsEmpty) {
        echo ("Enter your name, please!");
        echo ("<br/>");
    }                
    if (!$userNameIsUnique) {
        echo ("The person already exists. Please check the spelling and try again");
        echo ("<br/>");
    }
    ?> *
----

[start=2]
. 在 HTML 输入窗体中，在口令输入代码下输入以下 PHP 代码块：

[source,php]
----

Password: <input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
*<?php
 if ($passwordIsEmpty) {
     echo ("Enter the password, please!");
     echo ("<br/>");
 }                
 ?>*
----

[start=3]
. 在 HTML 输入窗体中，在口令确认代码下面输入以下 PHP 代码块：

[source,php]
----

Please confirm your password: <input type="password" name="password2"/><br/>


*<?php
 if ($password2IsEmpty) {
     echo ("Confirm your password, please");
     echo ("<br/>");    
 }                
 if (!$password2IsEmpty &amp;&amp; !$passwordIsValid) {
     echo  ("The passwords do not match!");
     echo ("<br/>");  
 }                 
?>*
----


=== 测试“创建新的许愿者”功能

1. 运行应用程序。索引页打开。

image::images/index-php-3.png[]

[start=2]
. 在索引页中，单击 "Still don't have a wish list?" 文本旁边的链接。以下窗体打开：

image::images/create-new-wisher-empty-form.png[]

[start=3]
. 将这些字段保留空白，然后单击 "Register"。此时将显示一条错误消息。

image::images/create-new-wisher-name-empty.png[]

[start=4]
. 在 "Your name" 字段中输入注册的许愿者名字（如 Tom），正确填写其他字段，然后单击 "Register"。此时将显示一条错误消息。

[start=5]
. 使用不同的值填写 "Password" 和 "Please confirm your password" 字段，然后单击 "Register"。此时将显示一条错误消息。

[start=6]
. 在 "Your name" 字段中输入 Bob，在两个口令字段中指定相同的口令，然后单击 "Register"。打开的页为空页，但正确传送了重定向，因为 URL 以 editWishList.php 结尾：

image::images/edit-wish-list-empty.png[]

[start=7]
. 要检查数据是否存储在数据库中，请导航到 "Services"（服务）窗口中的 wislist1 节点下面的 wishers，然后从上下文菜单中选择 "View Data"（查看数据） 

image::images/wishers.png[]


== 完成当前课程后的应用程序源代码

MySQL 用户：单击link:https://netbeans.org/files/documents/4/1929/lesson3.zip[+此处+]以下载源代码，该代码反映了在完成课程后的项目状态。

Oracle 数据库用户：单击link:https://netbeans.org/projects/www/downloads/download/php%252Foracle-lesson3.zip[+此处+]以下载源代码，该代码反映了在完成课程后的项目状态。


== 后续步骤

link:wish-list-lesson2.html[+<< 上一课+]

link:wish-list-lesson4.html[+下一课 >>+]

link:wish-list-tutorial-main-page.html[+返回到教程主页+]


link:/about/contact_form.html?to=3&subject=Feedback:%20PHP%20Wish%20List%20CRUD%203:%20Creating%20New%20User[+发送有关此教程的反馈意见+]


要发送意见和建议、获得支持以及随时了解 NetBeans IDE PHP 开发功能的最新开发情况，请link:../../../community/lists/top.html[+加入 users@php.netbeans.org 邮件列表+]。

link:../../trails/php.html[+返回至 PHP 学习资源+]