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<h1>NetBeans Visual Database Explorer Tutorial</h1>

<p>In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a visualizer
    on top of the content of a database. You will create
    an action, attach it to a connection node, and then
    use it to connect to the database, visualizing its
    content in a Visual Library scene, as shown below:</p>

<p><img alt="main image" src="../../images/tutorials/db/69-db-1.png"/></p>

     <p><b>Contents</b></p>
   
   <p><img  src="../../images/articles/69/netbeans-stamp69.png" class="stamp" width="114" height="114" alt="Content on this page applies to NetBeans IDE 6.9" title="Content on this page applies to NetBeans IDE 6.9"/></p>
      <ul class="toc">
<li><a href="#getting-started">Setting Up the Module</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-the-action">Creating the Action</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-the-window">Creating the Window</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-the-scene">Creating the Scene</a></li>
<li><a href="#connect_database_to_scene">Connect the Database to the Scene</a></li>
       </ul>
         
<p><b>To follow this tutorial, you need the software and resources listed in the following 
table.</b></p>

    <table>
        <tbody>
            <tr>
                <th class="tblheader" scope="col">Software or Resource</th>
                <th class="tblheader" scope="col">Version Required</th>
            </tr> 
            <tr>
                <td class="tbltd1"><a href="https://netbeans.org/downloads/index.html">NetBeans IDE</a></td>
                <td class="tbltd1">version 6.9 or above</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td class="tbltd1"><a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp">Java Developer Kit (JDK)</a></td>
                <td class="tbltd1">Version 6</td>
            </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>

<p>All the information you need to know for working with the Visual Library API,
 as well as with the Database Explorer API, is collected at the following locations:</p>
  
 <ul>
     <li><a href="http://graph.netbeans.org/">Visual Library Project Page</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://graph.netbeans.org/documentation.html">Visual Library 2.0 - Documentation</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-api-visual/overview-summary.html">Visual Library API Javadoc</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-modules-db/overview-summary.html">Database Explorer API Javadoc</a></li>
 </ul>
 
 <p>Also, see <a href="http://www.javalobby.org/eps/netbeans_visual_library/">Roman Strobl's Visual Library
Screencast</a> on Javalobby.</p>

<p>Before continuing, you are assumed to have read
 the <a href="https://platform.netbeans.org/tutorials/nbm-visual_library.html">NetBeans Visual Library Tutorial</a>, which gives you the basics for
 working with the Visual Library. The basics discussed
 in that tutorial will not be repeated here.</p>
 
<!-- ===================================================================================== -->

<h2><a name="getting-started"></a>Setting Up the Module</h2>

<p>In this section, we use wizards to create a module project and
 a custom window component.</p>

<ol>
    <li>Choose File &gt; New Project (Ctrl+Shift+N). Under Categories, select NetBeans Modules.
        Under Projects, select Module. Click Next.</li>
    <li>In the Name and Location panel, type <tt>DatabaseExplorerDemo</tt> in the Project Name field.
        Change the Project Location to any directory on your computer. Leave the Standalone Module option
        and Set as Main Project checkbox selected. Click Next.</li>
    <li>In the Basic Module Configuration panel, type <tt>org.demo</tt>
        in Code Name Base.</li>
    <li><p>Select "Generate XML Layer". Leave the
        locations of both the localizing bundle and the XML layer file
        so that they will be stored in a package with
        the name <tt>org/demo</tt>. Click Finish.</p>
        
<p>The IDE creates the <tt>DatabaseExplorerDemo</tt> project. The project contains all of your sources and project
    metadata, such as the project's Ant build script. The project opens in the IDE. You can view its logical
    structure in the Projects window (Ctrl+1) and its file structure in the Files window (Ctrl+2).
</p></li>
    
<li>Right-click the project, choose Properties, click Libraries 
in the Project Properties dialog box and declare a dependency on the following APIs:
 
<ul>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-modules-db/overview-summary.html">Database Explorer</a></li>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-openide-nodes/overview-summary.html">Nodes API</a></li>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-openide-awt/overview-summary.html">UI Utilities API</a></li>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-openide-util/overview-summary.html">Utilities API</a></li>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-api-visual/overview-summary.html">Visual Library API</a></li>
    <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-openide-windows/overview-summary.html">Window System API</a></li>
</ul>

<p><strong class="notes">Note: </strong> You need to set an
    implementation
 dependency on the Database Explorer API. Do so by selecting
 the Database Explorer
 item in the Libraries panel of the Project Properties dialog,
 clicking Edit,
 and then clicking 'Implementation Version'. By doing this,
 you are setting
 a dependency on internal classes that will change in
 future releases. Currently
 there is no other way of completing the scenario
 in this tutorial than to set
 an implementation dependency.
</p>


</li>
        <li>Click OK to close the Project Properties dialog.
        </li>
    
    <li>Create a package named "org.demo.resources" and put the following images into it:
        
  <p><img alt="cancelGlyph" src="../../images/tutorials/db/cancelGlyph.png"/> 
      <img alt="command" src="../../images/tutorials/db/command_16.png"/>
      <img alt="displayable" src="../../images/tutorials/db/custom_displayable_16.png"/>
      <img alt="item" src="../../images/tutorials/db/item_16.png"/>
      <img alt="list" src="../../images/tutorials/db/list_16.png"/>
      <img alt="post code" src="../../images/tutorials/db/postCodeGlyph.png"/>
      <img alt="pre code" src="../../images/tutorials/db/preCodeGlyph.png"/>
  </p></li>
</ol>

<h2><a name="creating-the-action"></a>Creating the Action</h2>

<p>We will create an action that will only be enabled
 if the activated node has the <tt>ConnectionNode</tt> from
 the Database Explorer API in its Lookup. </p>

<ol>

<li><p>Right-click the module project, and create a new
         class extending the <tt>BaseAction</tt>
         class from the Database Explorer API:</p>

<pre class="examplecode">import java.sql.Connection;
import org.netbeans.api.db.explorer.ConnectionManager;
import org.netbeans.api.db.explorer.DatabaseConnection;
import org.netbeans.modules.db.explorer.action.BaseAction;
import org.openide.nodes.Node;
import org.openide.util.HelpCtx;

public final class ShowDatabaseStructureAction extends BaseAction {

    @Override
    protected void performAction(Node[] nodes) {

    }

    @Override
    protected boolean enable(Node[] activatedNodes) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "Show Database Structure";
    }

    @Override
    public HelpCtx getHelpCtx() {
        return HelpCtx.DEFAULT_HELP;
    }

}</pre> </li>

    <li>Register the Action class as follows:

<pre class="examplecode">&lt;folder name="Databases"&gt;
    &lt;folder name="Explorer"&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Connection"&gt;
            &lt;folder name="Actions"&gt;
                &lt;file name="org-demo-ShowDatabaseStructureAction.instance"/&gt;
            &lt;/folder&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;/folder&gt;
&lt;/folder&gt;</pre> </li>


</ol>

<p>You have now registered an Action such that it will
     be attached to the connection node in the Services
     window:</p>

<p><img alt="" style="border: 1px solid" src="../../images/tutorials/db/69-db-3.png"/></p>


<h2><a name="creating-the-window"></a>Creating the Window</h2>

<p>In this section, we create a new window component that
    will hold our scene.</p>

<ol>

 <li>Right-click the module project, choose
 New &gt; Other and choose Window from the
 Module Development category. Click Next. </li>

    <li>Choose <tt>editor</tt>
 in the drop-down list. Do not select Open on Application Start. Click Next.</li>

 <li>Type <tt>Demo</tt> in Class Name Prefix. Optionally,
 add an icon with a dimension of 16x16 pixels. Click Finish.</li>

 <li>Right-click in the <tt>DemoTopComponent</tt> in Design mode, choose Set Layout,
  and select BorderLayout.</li>

 <li>Switch to Source mode and change the <tt>getPersistenceType</tt> method
 to return <tt>TopComponent.PERSISTENCE_NEVER</tt>.</li>

</ol>

<h2><a name="creating-the-scene"></a>Creating the Scene</h2>

<p>Programming with the Visual Library API is similar to programming in Swing. You build
  and modify a tree of visual elements that are called "widgets". The root of the tree is 
 represented by a Scene class which holds all the visual data of the scene. The scene is a widget. 
 You have to create a scene view, which is a JComponent. You must then add
 the JComponent to a JScrollPane.</p>

 <p>In this section,
 we add a JScrollPane to our TopComponent. Then we create a new
  Visual Library scene in a separate Java source file. Next, we pass the
  scene to the TopComponent, so that it can be displayed in
 the TopComponent's JScrollPane. We then install the module project and display
   our first scene.</p>

<ol>
  
<li>Use the Palette (Ctrl-Shift-8) to drop a 
    <tt>JScrollPane</tt> on the TopComponent.</li>
 
  <li><p>In the <tt>org.demo</tt> package, create a Java class called <tt>DBGraphScene</tt>.
  Let the class extend <tt>VMDGraphScene</tt>.</p>

      <p>A red error underline and a lightbulb appears. Let the IDE generate the import statement.</p>

      <p>A red error underline and a lightbulb appears again. Let the IDE generate the class's abstract methods.</p></li>

<li>Replace the content of the class with the following:
  
<pre class="examplecode">import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.netbeans.api.visual.vmd.VMDGraphScene;
import org.netbeans.api.visual.vmd.VMDNodeWidget;
import org.netbeans.api.visual.vmd.VMDPinWidget;
import org.openide.util.ImageUtilities;

public class DBGraphScene extends VMDGraphScene{

    private static final Image IMAGE_LIST = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/list_16.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image IMAGE_CANVAS = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/custom_displayable_16.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image IMAGE_COMMAND = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/command_16.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image IMAGE_ITEM = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/item_16.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image GLYPH_PRE_CODE = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/preCodeGlyph.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image GLYPH_POST_CODE = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/postCodeGlyph.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image GLYPH_CANCEL = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/cancelGlyph.png"); // NOI18N
    private static int nodeID = 1;
    private static int edgeID = 1;

    public DBGraphScene() {
        String mobile = createNode (this, 100, 100, IMAGE_LIST, "menu", "List", null);
        createPin (this, mobile, "start", IMAGE_ITEM, "Start", "Element");
        String game = createNode (this, 600, 100, IMAGE_CANVAS, "gameCanvas", "MyCanvas", Arrays.asList (GLYPH_PRE_CODE, GLYPH_CANCEL, GLYPH_POST_CODE));
        createPin (this, game, "ok", IMAGE_COMMAND, "okCommand1", "Command");
        createEdge (this, "start", game);
        createEdge (this, "ok", mobile);
    }

    private static String createNode (VMDGraphScene scene, int x, int y, Image image, String name, String type, List&lt;Image&gt; glyphs) {
        String nodeID = "node" + DBGraphScene.nodeID ++;
        VMDNodeWidget widget = (VMDNodeWidget) scene.addNode (nodeID);
        widget.setPreferredLocation (new Point (x, y));
        widget.setNodeProperties (image, name, type, glyphs);
        scene.addPin (nodeID, nodeID + VMDGraphScene.PIN_ID_DEFAULT_SUFFIX);
        return nodeID;
    }


    private static void createPin (VMDGraphScene scene, String nodeID, String pinID, Image image, String name, String type) {
        ((VMDPinWidget) scene.addPin (nodeID, pinID)).setProperties (name, null);
    }


    private static void createEdge (VMDGraphScene scene, String sourcePinID, String targetNodeID) {
        String edgeID = "edge" + DBGraphScene.edgeID ++;
        scene.addEdge (edgeID);
        scene.setEdgeSource (edgeID, sourcePinID);
        scene.setEdgeTarget (edgeID, targetNodeID + VMDGraphScene.PIN_ID_DEFAULT_SUFFIX);
    }
    
}</pre></li>

<li>Add an instance variable for the scene to the top of the TopComponent's source code:

<pre class="examplecode">private DBGraphScene scene = new DBGraphScene();</pre>

<p>Add the scene to the JScrollPane's ViewportView, at the end of the TopComponent's
 constructor:</p>

<pre class="examplecode">jScrollPane1.setViewportView( scene.createView() );</pre>
</li>
    
    <li>Before continuining, check that the content of the
        filesystem tags in your layer.xml file is as follows:
        
<pre class="examplecode">&lt;filesystem&gt;
    &lt;folder name="Actions"&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Window"&gt;
            &lt;file name="org-demo-DemoAction.instance"&gt;
                &lt;attr name="component" methodvalue="org.demo.DemoTopComponent.findInstance"/&gt;
                &lt;attr name="displayName" bundlevalue="org.demo.Bundle#CTL_DemoAction"/&gt;
                &lt;attr name="instanceCreate" methodvalue="org.openide.windows.TopComponent.openAction"/&gt;
            &lt;/file&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;folder name="Menu"&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Window"&gt;
            &lt;file name="DemoAction.shadow"&gt;
                &lt;attr name="originalFile" stringvalue="Actions/Window/org-demo-DemoAction.instance"/&gt;
            &lt;/file&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;folder name="Windows2"&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Components"&gt;
            &lt;file name="DemoTopComponent.settings" url="DemoTopComponentSettings.xml"/&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Modes"&gt;
            &lt;folder name="editor"&gt;
                &lt;file name="DemoTopComponent.wstcref" url="DemoTopComponentWstcref.xml"/&gt;
            &lt;/folder&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;folder name="Databases"&gt;
        &lt;folder name="Explorer"&gt;
            &lt;folder name="Connection"&gt;
                &lt;folder name="Actions"&gt;
                    &lt;file name="org-demo-ShowDatabaseStructureAction.instance"/&gt;
                &lt;/folder&gt;
            &lt;/folder&gt;
        &lt;/folder&gt;
    &lt;/folder&gt;
&lt;/filesystem&gt;</pre>        
    </li>
<li><p>Right-click the module and choose Run. Select "Demo" from
 the Window menu. The window component should open and show you
 the following:</p>

    <p><img alt="" src="../../images/tutorials/db/69-db-2.png"/></p></li>
 
</ol>
 
<!-- ===================================================================================== -->
<h2><a name="connect_database_to_scene"></a>Connect the Database to the Scene</h2>

<p>In this section, we connect to a selected database by using the Database Explorer API.
 We then pass the connection to the scene. In the scene, we parse the connection,
 extract the data, and visually display the data in the scene.</p>

   <ol>

<li>In your action class, you need to make a connection to a selected
 database and pass it to your window:

<pre class="examplecode">import java.sql.Connection;
import org.netbeans.api.db.explorer.ConnectionManager;
import org.netbeans.api.db.explorer.DatabaseConnection;
import org.netbeans.modules.db.explorer.action.BaseAction;
import org.openide.nodes.Node;
import org.openide.util.HelpCtx;

public final class ShowDatabaseStructureAction extends BaseAction {

    @Override
    protected void performAction(Node[] nodes) {
        DatabaseConnection dbconn = nodes[0].getLookup().lookup(DatabaseConnection.class);
        if (dbconn.getJDBCConnection() == null) {
            ConnectionManager.getDefault().showConnectionDialog(dbconn);
        }
        Connection connection = dbconn.getJDBCConnection();
        DemoTopComponent win = DemoTopComponent.findInstance();
        win.open();
        win.requestActive();
        win.setConnection(connection);
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean enable(Node[] activatedNodes) {
        if (activatedNodes == null || activatedNodes.length != 1) {
            return false;
        }
        boolean enabled = false;
        DatabaseConnection dbconn = activatedNodes[0].getLookup().lookup(DatabaseConnection.class);
        if (dbconn != null) {
            enabled = true;
        }
        return enabled;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "Show Database Structure";
    }

    @Override
    public HelpCtx getHelpCtx() {
        return HelpCtx.DEFAULT_HELP;
    }

}</pre>

<p>A red error underline will appear below the last line
    in the <tt>performAction</tt>, because it refers
    to a statement that we have not defined yet. We will
    do so in the next step.</p>
</li>

<li>Back in your window component, you need to receive the connection and
 call the scene, as shown below:

<pre class="examplecode">...
import java.sql.Connection;
...

final class DemoTopComponent extends TopComponent {

    private static DemoTopComponent instance;

    private static final String PREFERRED_ID = "DemoTopComponent";

    private DBGraphScene scene;

    private DemoTopComponent() {
        initComponents();
        setName(NbBundle.getMessage(DemoTopComponent.class, "CTL_DemoTopComponent"));
        setToolTipText(NbBundle.getMessage(DemoTopComponent.class, "HINT_DemoTopComponent"));
    }

    public void setConnection(Connection connection){
        scene = new DBGraphScene(connection);
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView( scene.createView() );
    }

    ...
    ...
    ...
</pre>

<p>In the scene, the constructor that receives the connection
    does not
exist yet. We will create it in the next step. Until then, reference to
that constructor, above, is underlined in red.</p></li>

<li>In the <tt>DBGraphScene</tt> class, extend the code as follows:
   
<pre class="examplecode">public class DBGraphScene extends VMDGraphScene {

    private static final Image IMAGE_LIST = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/list_16.png"); // NOI18N
    private static final Image IMAGE_ITEM = ImageUtilities.loadImage("org/demo/resources/item_16.png"); // NOI18N

    private static int edgeID = 1;

    public DBGraphScene(Connection connection) {
        try {
            createSceneFromConnection(connection);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private void createSceneFromConnection(Connection jdbcConnection) throws SQLException {
        ArrayList&lt;String&gt; tables = new ArrayList&lt;String&gt;();
        DatabaseMetaData databaseMetaData = jdbcConnection.getMetaData();
        String[] names = {"TABLE"};
        ResultSet resultSet = databaseMetaData.getTables(null, "%", "%", names);
        while (resultSet.next()) {
            String table = resultSet.getString("TABLE_NAME");
            tables.add(table);
            createNode(this, (int) (Math.random() * 800), (int) (Math.random() * 800), IMAGE_LIST, table, "Table", null);
            ResultSet columns = jdbcConnection.getMetaData().getColumns(null, null, table.toUpperCase(), "%");
            while (columns.next()) {
                String columnName = columns.getString("COLUMN_NAME");
                createPin(this, table, table + ":" + columnName, IMAGE_ITEM, columnName, columnName);
            }
        }
        for (String string : tables) {
            ResultSet resultSet1 = databaseMetaData.getExportedKeys(null, null, string);
            while (resultSet1.next()) {
                String pkTable = resultSet1.getString("PKTABLE_NAME");
                String pkColumn = resultSet1.getString("PKCOLUMN_NAME");
                String fkTable = resultSet1.getString("FKTABLE_NAME");
                String fkColumn = resultSet1.getString("FKCOLUMN_NAME");
                createEdge(this, fkTable + ":" + fkColumn, pkTable + ":" + pkColumn);
            }
        }
        this.moveTo(null);
    }

    private static String createNode(VMDGraphScene scene, int x, int y, Image image, String name, String type, java.util.List&lt;Image&gt; glyphs) {
        String node = name;
        VMDNodeWidget widget = (VMDNodeWidget) scene.addNode(node);
        widget.setPreferredLocation(new Point(x, y));
        widget.setNodeProperties(image, name, type, glyphs);
        return node;
    }

    private static void createPin(VMDGraphScene scene, String nodeID, String pinID, Image image, String name, String type) {
        ((VMDPinWidget) scene.addPin(nodeID, pinID)).setProperties(name, null);
    }

    private static void createEdge(VMDGraphScene scene, String sourcePinID, String targetPinID) {
        String edge = "edge" + DBGraphScene.edgeID++;
        scene.addEdge(edge);
        scene.setEdgeSource(edge, sourcePinID);
        scene.setEdgeTarget(edge, targetPinID);
    }

    private void moveTo(Point point) {
        int index = 0;
        for (String node : getNodes()) {
            getSceneAnimator().animatePreferredLocation(findWidget(node), point != null ? point : new Point(++index * 100, index * 100));
        }
    }

}
</pre>


<p>The <tt>createSceneFromConnection</tt> method gets the
 <tt>DatabaseMetadata ( jdbcConnection.getMetaData() )</tt> from the <tt>Connection</tt>.
 With the subsequent calls to <tt>getTables</tt>, the table structure is retrieved and
 the nodes of the graph are created. For every table, <tt>getColumns</tt> is called and
 a Pin is added for every column to the table node. These pins can be used in
 a subsequent step to create a connection between two tables. Now we
 iterate through the tables and call <tt>getExportedKeys</tt> to get hold of
 the <tt>ForeignKeys</tt>. For every exported key, an edge is created between the
 pins of the related columns. The <tt>moveTo</tt> method does the animation
 when the window is opened.</p></li>

 <li><p>Run the module again. Open the Services window. Expand the Databases
 node. Select one of the connection nodes. The "Show Database Structure" menu
 item, under the File menu,
 should now be enabled. Select it and now your scene should open
 and look as follows:</p>

     <p><img alt="main image" src="../../images/tutorials/db/69-db-1.png"/></p></li>

</ol>

<!-- ===================================================================================== -->

<p>Congratulations, you have completed a Visual Library scene that connects to a database
 and visually displays its content.</p>

<div class="feedback-box"><a href="https://netbeans.org/about/contact_form.html?to=3&amp;subject=Feedback:%20Visual%20Database%20Explorer%20API%20Tutorial%20NetBeans">Send Us Your Feedback</a></div>
<br style="clear:both;" />
      
        <a name="next_steps"><h2>Next Steps</h2></a>
        <p>For more information
        on working with the Visual Library API, see:</p>
        
 <ul>
      <li><a href="http://www.javalobby.org/eps/netbeans_visual_library/">Roman Strobl's Visual Library
              Screencast</a> on Javalobby.</li>
     <li><a href="http://graph.netbeans.org/">Visual Library Project Page</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://graph.netbeans.org/documentation.html">Visual Library 2.0 - Documentation</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-api-visual/overview-summary.html">Visual Library API Javadoc</a></li>
     <li><a href="http://bits.netbeans.org/dev/javadoc/org-netbeans-modules-db/overview-summary.html">Database Explorer API Javadoc</a></li>
 </ul>

 <p>With thanks to Toni Epple, who wrote the first version
     of this tutorial, <a href="http://wiki.netbeans.org/VisualDatabaseExplorer">A Visual Database Explorer for NetBeans</a>.</p>

    </body>

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