KAFKA-15462: Add groupType enum for KIP-848 (#15259)

Add the groupType Enum to the clients/common directory. This will be used by the ConsumerGroupCommand and the Admin client.

Reviewers: David Jacot <djacot@confluent.io>
diff --git a/clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/common/GroupType.java b/clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/common/GroupType.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c23f845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/common/GroupType.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.common;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+public enum GroupType {
+    UNKNOWN("Unknown"),
+    CONSUMER("Consumer"),
+    CLASSIC("Classic");
+
+    private final static Map<String, GroupType> NAME_TO_ENUM = Arrays.stream(values())
+        .collect(Collectors.toMap(type -> type.name.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT), Function.identity()));
+
+    private final String name;
+
+    GroupType(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse a string into a consumer group type, in a case-insensitive manner.
+     */
+    public static GroupType parse(String name) {
+        if (name == null) {
+            return UNKNOWN;
+        }
+        GroupType type = NAME_TO_ENUM.get(name.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+        return type == null ? UNKNOWN : type;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return name;
+    }
+}