<!--
/***************************************************************************************************************************
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *  
 *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *  
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 ***************************************************************************************************************************/
 -->

XML Methodology

<p>
	The following examples show how different data types are represented in XML.
	They mirror how the data structures are represented in JSON.
</p>

<h5 class='topic'>Simple types</h5>
<p>
	The representation of loose (not a direct bean property value) simple types are shown below:
</p>
<table class='styled w800'>
	<tr>
		<th>Data type</th>
		<th>JSON example</th>
		<th>XML</th>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td>string</td>
		<td class='code'><js>'foo'</js></td>
		<td class='code'><xt>&lt;string&gt;</xt>foo<xt>&lt;/string&gt;</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td>boolean</td>
		<td class='code'><jk>true</jk></td>
		<td class='code'><xt>&lt;boolean&gt;</xt>true<xt>&lt;/boolean&gt;</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td>integer</td>
		<td class='code'>123</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>&lt;number&gt;</xt>123<xt>&lt;/number&gt;</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td>float</td>
		<td class='code'>1.23</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>&lt;number&gt;</xt>1.23<xt>&lt;/number&gt;</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td>null</td>
		<td class='code'><jk>null</jk></td>
		<td class='code'><xt>&lt;null/&gt;</xt></td>
	</tr>
</table>

<h5 class='topic'>Maps</h5>
<p>
	Loose maps and beans use the element <xt>&lt;object&gt;</xt> for encapsulation.
</p>
<p>
	<xa>_type</xa> attributes are added to bean properties or map entries if the type cannot be inferred 
	through reflection (e.g. an <c>Object</c> or superclass/interface value type).
</p>
<table class='styled w800'>
	<tr>
		<th>Data type</th>
		<th>JSON example</th>
		<th>XML</th>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	Map&lt;String,String&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	{
		k1: <js>'v1'</js>
		k2: <jk>null</jk>
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;object&gt;
		&lt;k1&gt;<xv>v1</xv>&lt;/k1&gt;
		&lt;k2 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'null'</xs>/&gt;
	&lt;/object&gt;
	</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	Map&lt;String,Number&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	{
		k1: 123,
		k2: 1.23,
		k3: <jk>null</jk>
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;object&gt;
		&lt;k1&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/k1&gt;
		&lt;k2&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/k2&gt;
		&lt;k3 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'null'</xs>/&gt;
	&lt;/object&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	Map&lt;String,Object&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	{
		k1: <js>'v1'</js>
		k2: 123,
		k3: 1.23,
		k4: <jk>true</jk>,
		k5: <jk>null</jk>
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;object&gt;
		&lt;k1&gt;<xv>v1</xv>&lt;/k1&gt;
		&lt;k2 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'number'</xs>&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/k2&gt;
		&lt;k3 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'number'</xs>&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/k3&gt;
		&lt;k4 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'boolean'</xs>&gt;<xv>true</xv>&lt;/k4&gt;
		&lt;k5 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'null'</xs>/&gt;
	&lt;/object&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
</table>

<h5 class='topic'>Arrays</h5>
<p>
	Loose collections and arrays use the element <xt>&lt;array&gt;</xt> for encapsulation.
</p>
<table class='styled w800'>
	<tr>
		<th>Data type</th>
		<th>JSON example</th>
		<th>XML</th>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	String[]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		<js>'foo'</js>
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;string&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	Number[]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		123,
		1.23,
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	Object[]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		<js>'foo'</js>,
		123,
		1.23,
		<jk>true</jk>,
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;string&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;boolean&gt;<xv>true</xv>&lt;/boolean&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	String[][]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		[<js>'foo'</js>, <jk>null</jk>],
		<jk>null</jk>,
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;array&gt;
			&lt;string&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
			&lt;null/&gt;
		&lt;/array&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	<jk>int</jk>[]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		123
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	<jk>boolean</jk>[]
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		<jk>true</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;boolean&gt;<xv>true</xv>&lt;/boolean&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	List&lt;String&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		<js>'foo'</js>
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;string&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	List&lt;Number&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		123,
		1.23,
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	List&lt;Object&gt;
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	[
		<js>'foo'</js>,
		123,
		1.23,
		<jk>true</jk>,
		<jk>null</jk>
	]
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;array&gt;
		&lt;string&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;number&gt;<xv>1.23</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;boolean&gt;<xv>true</xv>&lt;/boolean&gt;
		&lt;null/&gt;
	&lt;/array&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
</table>

<h5 class='topic'>Beans</h5>
<table class='styled w800'>
	<tr>
		<th>Data type</th>
		<th>JSON example</th>
		<th>XML</th>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	<jk>class</jk> MyBean {
		<jk>public</jk> String a;
		<jk>public</jk> <jk>int</jk> b;
		<jk>public</jk> Object c;  <jc>// String value</jc>
		<jk>public</jk> Object d;  <jc>// Integer value</jc>  	
		<jk>public</jk> MyBean2 e;  
		<jk>public</jk> String[] f;  
	 	<jk>public</jk> <jk>int</jk>[] g;  	
	}
	<jk>class</jk> MyBean2 {
		String h;  
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	{
		<jok>a</jok>: <jov>'foo'</jov>,
		<jok>b</jok>: <jov>123</jov>,
		<jok>c</jok>: <jov>'bar'</jov>,
		<jok>d</jok>: <jov>456</jov>,
		<jok>e</jok>: {
			<jok>h</jok>: <jov>'baz'</jov>
		}
		<jok>f</jok>: [<jov>'qux'</jov>]
		<jok>g</jok>: [<jov>789</jov>]
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;object&gt;
		&lt;a&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/a&gt;
		&lt;b&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/b&gt;
		&lt;c&gt;<xv>bar</xv>&lt;/c&gt;
		&lt;d <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'number'</xs>&gt;<xv>456</xv>&lt;/d&gt;
		&lt;e&gt;
			&lt;h&gt;<xv>baz</xv>&lt;/h&gt;
		&lt;/e&gt;
		&lt;f&gt;
			&lt;string&gt;<xv>qux</xv>&lt;/string&gt;
		&lt;/f&gt;
		&lt;g&gt;
			&lt;number&gt;<xv>789</xv>&lt;/number&gt;
		&lt;/g&gt;
	&lt;/object&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
</table>

<h5 class='topic'>Beans with Map properties</h5>
<table class='styled w800'>
	<tr>
		<th>Data type</th>
		<th>JSON example</th>
		<th>XML</th>
	</tr>
	<tr>
		<td class='code'>
	<jk>class</jk> MyBean {
		<jk>public</jk> Map&lt;String,String&gt; a;
		<jk>public</jk> Map&lt;String,Number&gt; b;
		<jk>public</jk> Map&lt;String,Object&gt; c; 
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'>
	{
		<jok>a</jok>: {
			<jok>k1</jok>: <jov>'foo'</jov>
		},
		<jok>b</jok>: {
			<jok>k2</jok>: <jov>123</jov>
		},
		<jok>c</jok>: {
			<jok>k3</jok>: <jov>'bar'</jov>,
			<jok>k4</jok>: <jov>456</jov>,
			<jok>k5</jok>: <jov>true</jov>,
			<jok>k6</jok>: <jov>null</jov>
		}
	}
		</td>
		<td class='code'><xt>
	&lt;object&gt;
		&lt;a&gt;
			&lt;k1&gt;<xv>foo</xv>&lt;/k1&gt;
		&lt;/a&gt;
		&lt;b&gt;
			&lt;k2&gt;<xv>123</xv>&lt;/k2&gt;
		&lt;/b&gt;
		&lt;c&gt;
			&lt;k3&gt;<xv>bar</xv>&lt;/k3&gt;
			&lt;k4 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'number'</xs>&gt;<xv>456</xv>&lt;/k4&gt;
			&lt;k5 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'boolean'</xs>&gt;<xv>true</xv>&lt;/k5&gt;
			&lt;k6 <xa>_type</xa>=<xs>'null'</xs>/&gt;
		&lt;/c&gt;
	&lt;/object&gt;
		</xt></td>
	</tr>
</table>