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apache/iotdb/refs/heads/lmh/ddlRefactor/./docs/UserGuide/Operators-Functions/Mathematical.md
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## Arithmetic Operators and Functions
## Arithmetic Operators
### Unary Arithmetic Operators
Supported operators: `+`, `-`
Supported input data types: `INT32`, `INT64` and `FLOAT`
Output data type: consistent with the input data type
### Binary Arithmetic Operators
Supported operators: `+`, `-`, `*`, `/`, `%`
Supported input data types: `INT32`, `INT64`, `FLOAT` and `DOUBLE`
Output data type: `DOUBLE`
Note: Only when the left operand and the right operand under a certain timestamp are not `null`, the binary arithmetic operation will have an output value.
### Example
```sql
select s1, - s1, s2, + s2, s1 + s2, s1 - s2, s1 * s2, s1 / s2, s1 % s2 from root.sg.d1
```
Result:
```
+-----------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.sg.d1.s1|-root.sg.d1.s1|root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s1 + root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s1 - root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s1 * root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s1 / root.sg.d1.s2|root.sg.d1.s1 % root.sg.d1.s2|
+-----------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| 1.0| -1.0| 1.0| 1.0| 2.0| 0.0| 1.0| 1.0| 0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| 2.0| -2.0| 2.0| 2.0| 4.0| 0.0| 4.0| 1.0| 0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00| 3.0| -3.0| 3.0| 3.0| 6.0| 0.0| 9.0| 1.0| 0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00| 4.0| -4.0| 4.0| 4.0| 8.0| 0.0| 16.0| 1.0| 0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00| 5.0| -5.0| 5.0| 5.0| 10.0| 0.0| 25.0| 1.0| 0.0|
+-----------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.014s
```
## Arithmetic Functions
Currently, IoTDB supports the following mathematical functions. The behavior of these mathematical functions is consistent with the behavior of these functions in the Java Math standard library.
| Function Name | Allowed Input Series Data Types | Output Series Data Type | Corresponding Implementation in the Java Standard Library |
| ------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| SIN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#sin(double) |
| COS | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#cos(double) |
| TAN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#tan(double) |
| ASIN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#asin(double) |
| ACOS | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#acos(double) |
| ATAN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#atan(double) |
| SINH | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#sinh(double) |
| COSH | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#cosh(double) |
| TANH | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#tanh(double) |
| DEGREES | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#toDegrees(double) |
| RADIANS | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#toRadians(double) |
| ABS | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | Same type as the input series | Math#abs(int) / Math#abs(long) /Math#abs(float) /Math#abs(double) |
| SIGN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#signum(double) |
| CEIL | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#ceil(double) |
| FLOOR | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#floor(double) |
| ROUND | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#rint(double) |
| EXP | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#exp(double) |
| LN | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#log(double) |
| LOG10 | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#log10(double) |
| SQRT | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE | DOUBLE | Math#sqrt(double) |
Example:
``` sql
select s1, sin(s1), cos(s1), tan(s1) from root.sg1.d1 limit 5 offset 1000;
```
Result:
```
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Time| root.sg1.d1.s1|sin(root.sg1.d1.s1)| cos(root.sg1.d1.s1)|tan(root.sg1.d1.s1)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.037+08:00|7360723084922759782| 0.8133527237573284| 0.5817708713544664| 1.3980636773094157|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.038+08:00|4377791063319964531|-0.8938962705202537| 0.4482738644511651| -1.994085181866842|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.039+08:00|7972485567734642915| 0.9627757585308978|-0.27030138509681073|-3.5618602479083545|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.040+08:00|2508858212791964081|-0.6073417341629443| -0.7944406950452296| 0.7644897069734913|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.041+08:00|2817297431185141819|-0.8419358900502509| -0.5395775727782725| 1.5603611649667768|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.008s
```