docs/UserGuide/Operators-Functions/Lambda.md

<!--

    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    distributed with this work for additional information
    regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    
        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    
    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
    software distributed under the License is distributed on an
    "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
    KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
    specific language governing permissions and limitations
    under the License.

-->

# Lambda Expression

## JEXL Function

Java Expression Language (JEXL) is an expression language engine. We use JEXL to extend UDFs, which are implemented on the command line with simple lambda expressions. See the link for [operators supported in jexl lambda expressions](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-jexl/apidocs/org/apache/commons/jexl3/package-summary.html#customization).

| Function Name | Allowed Input Series Data Types | Required Attributes                           | Output Series Data Type | Series Data Type  Description                 |
|----------|--------------------------------|---------------------------------------|------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| JEXL   | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE / TEXT / BOOLEAN | `expr` is a lambda expression that supports standard one or multi arguments in the form `x -> {...}` or `(x, y, z) -> {...}`, e.g. ` x -> {x * 2}`, `(x, y, z) -> {x + y * z}` | INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE / TEXT / BOOLEAN | Returns the input time series transformed by a lambda expression |

#### Demonstrate
Example data: `root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature`, `root.ln.wf01.wt01.st`, `root.ln.wf01.wt01.str` a total of `11` data.

```
IoTDB> select * from root.ln.wf01.wt01;
+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+
|                         Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.str|root.ln.wf01.wt01.st|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                  str|                10.0|                          0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|                  str|                20.0|                          1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|                  str|                30.0|                          2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|                  str|                40.0|                          3.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|                  str|                50.0|                          4.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00|                  str|                60.0|                          5.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.006+08:00|                  str|                70.0|                          6.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.007+08:00|                  str|                80.0|                          7.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.008+08:00|                  str|                90.0|                          8.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.009+08:00|                  str|               100.0|                          9.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.010+08:00|                  str|               110.0|                         10.0|
+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------------------+-----------------------------+
```
Sql:
```sql
select jexl(temperature, 'expr'='x -> {x + x}') as jexl1, jexl(temperature, 'expr'='x -> {x * 3}') as jexl2, jexl(temperature, 'expr'='x -> {x * x}') as jexl3, jexl(temperature, 'expr'='x -> {multiply(x, 100)}') as jexl4, jexl(temperature, st, 'expr'='(x, y) -> {x + y}') as jexl5, jexl(temperature, st, str, 'expr'='(x, y, z) -> {x + y + z}') as jexl6 from root.ln.wf01.wt01;```
```

Result:
```
+-----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+--------+
|                         Time|jexl1|jexl2|jexl3| jexl4|jexl5|   jexl6|
+-----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+--------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|  0.0|  0.0|  0.0|   0.0| 10.0| 10.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|  2.0|  3.0|  1.0| 100.0| 21.0| 21.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|  4.0|  6.0|  4.0| 200.0| 32.0| 32.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|  6.0|  9.0|  9.0| 300.0| 43.0| 43.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|  8.0| 12.0| 16.0| 400.0| 54.0| 54.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00| 10.0| 15.0| 25.0| 500.0| 65.0| 65.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.006+08:00| 12.0| 18.0| 36.0| 600.0| 76.0| 76.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.007+08:00| 14.0| 21.0| 49.0| 700.0| 87.0| 87.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.008+08:00| 16.0| 24.0| 64.0| 800.0| 98.0| 98.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.009+08:00| 18.0| 27.0| 81.0| 900.0|109.0|109.0str|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.010+08:00| 20.0| 30.0|100.0|1000.0|120.0|120.0str|
+-----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+------+-----+--------+
Total line number = 11
It costs 0.118s
```