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       </script><title>多级存储 | IoTDB Website</title><meta name="description" content="多级存储 概述 多级存储功能向用户提供多种存储介质管理的能力，用户可以使用多级存储功能为 IoTDB 配置不同类型的存储介质，并为存储介质进行分级。IoTDB 可以根据数据的冷热程度，仅通过参数配置的方式来支持内存、SSD、普通硬盘到网络硬盘的多级存储。具体的，在 IoTDB 中，多级存储的配置体现为多目录的管理。用户可以将多个存储目录归为同一类，作为...">
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class="vp-toc-header">此页内容<button type="button" class="print-button" title="打印"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#概述">概述</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#参数定义">参数定义</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#本地多级存储配置示例">本地多级存储配置示例</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#远端多级存储配置示例">远端多级存储配置示例</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="多级存储" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#多级存储"><span>多级存储</span></a></h1><h2 id="概述" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#概述"><span>概述</span></a></h2><p>多级存储功能向用户提供多种存储介质管理的能力，用户可以使用多级存储功能为 IoTDB 配置不同类型的存储介质，并为存储介质进行分级。IoTDB 可以根据数据的冷热程度，仅通过参数配置的方式来支持内存、SSD、普通硬盘到网络硬盘的多级存储。具体的，在 IoTDB 中，多级存储的配置体现为多目录的管理。用户可以将多个存储目录归为同一类，作为一个“层级”向 IoTDB 中配置，这种“层级”我们称之为 storage tier；同时，用户可以根据数据的冷热进行分类，并将不同类别的数据存储到指定的“层级”中。当前 IoTDB 支持通过数据的 TTL 进行冷热数据的分类，当一个层级中的数据不满足当前层级定义的 TTL 规则时，该数据会被自动迁移至下一层级中。</p><h2 id="参数定义" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#参数定义"><span>参数定义</span></a></h2><p>在 IoTDB 中开启多级存储，需要进行以下几个方面的配置：</p><ol><li>配置数据目录，并将数据目录分为不同的层级</li><li>配置每个层级所管理的数据的 TTL，以区分不同层级管理的冷热数据类别。</li><li>配置每个层级的最小剩余存储空间比例，当该层级的存储空间触发该阈值时，该层级的数据会被自动迁移至下一层级（可选）。</li></ol><p>具体的参数定义及其描述如下。</p><table><thead><tr><th>配置项</th><th>默认值</th><th>说明</th><th>约束</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>dn_data_dirs</td><td>无</td><td>用来指定不同的存储目录，并将存储目录进行层级划分</td><td>每级存储使用分号分隔，单级内使用逗号分隔；云端配置只能作为最后一级存储且第一级不能作为云端存储；最多配置一个云端对象；远端存储目录使用 OBJECT_STORAGE 来表示</td></tr><tr><td>default_ttl_in_ms</td><td>无</td><td>定义每个层级负责的数据范围，通过 TTL 表示</td><td>每级存储使用分号分隔；层级数量需与 dn_data_dirs 定义的层级数一致</td></tr><tr><td>dn_default_space_move_thresholds</td><td>0.15</td><td>定义每个层级数据目录的最小剩余空间比例；当剩余空间少于该比例时，数据会被自动迁移至下一个层级；当最后一个层级的剩余存储空间到低于此阈值时，会将系统置为 READ_ONLY</td><td>每级存储使用分号分隔；层级数量需与 dn_data_dirs 定义的层级数一致</td></tr><tr><td>object_storage_type</td><td>AWS_S3</td><td>云端存储类型</td><td>IoTDB 当前只支持 AWS S3 作为远端存储类型，此参数不支持修改</td></tr><tr><td>object_storage_bucket</td><td>无</td><td>云端存储 bucket 的名称</td><td>AWS S3 中的 bucket 定义；如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>object_storage_endpoiont</td><td></td><td>云端存储的 endpoint</td><td>AWS S3 的 endpoint；如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>object_storage_access_key</td><td></td><td>云端存储的验证信息 key</td><td>AWS S3 的 credential key；如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>object_storage_access_secret</td><td></td><td>云端存储的验证信息 secret</td><td>AWS S3 的 credential secret；如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>remote_tsfile_cache_dirs</td><td>data/datanode/data/cache</td><td>云端存储在本地的缓存目录</td><td>如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>remote_tsfile_cache_page_size_in_kb</td><td>20480</td><td>云端存储在本地缓存文件的块大小</td><td>如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr><tr><td>remote_tsfile_cache_max_disk_usage_in_mb</td><td>51200</td><td>云端存储本地缓存的最大磁盘占用大小</td><td>如果未使用远端存储，无需配置</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="本地多级存储配置示例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#本地多级存储配置示例"><span>本地多级存储配置示例</span></a></h2><p>以下以本地两级存储的配置示例。</p><div class="language-JavaScript line-numbers-mode" data-ext="JavaScript" data-title="JavaScript"><pre class="language-JavaScript"><code>// 必须配置项
dn_data_dirs=/data1/data;/data2/data,/data3/data;
default_ttl_in_ms=86400000;-1
dn_default_space_move_thresholds=0.2;0.1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>在该示例中，共配置了两个层级的存储，具体为：</p><table><thead><tr><th><strong>层级</strong></th><th><strong>数据目录</strong></th><th><strong>数据范围</strong></th><th><strong>磁盘最小剩余空间阈值</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>层级一</td><td>目录一：/data1/data</td><td>最近 1 天的数据</td><td>20%</td></tr><tr><td>层级二</td><td>目录一：/data2/data目录二：/data3/data</td><td>1 天以前的数据</td><td>10%</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="远端多级存储配置示例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#远端多级存储配置示例"><span>远端多级存储配置示例</span></a></h2><p>以下以三级存储为例：</p><div class="language-JavaScript line-numbers-mode" data-ext="JavaScript" data-title="JavaScript"><pre class="language-JavaScript"><code>// 必须配置项
dn_data_dirs=/data1/data;/data2/data,/data3/data;OBJECT_STORAGE
default_ttl_in_ms=86400000;864000000;-1
dn_default_space_move_thresholds=0.2;0.15;0.1
object_storage_name=AWS_S3
object_storage_bucket=iotdb
object_storage_endpoiont=&lt;your_endpoint&gt;
object_storage_access_key=&lt;your_access_key&gt;
object_storage_access_secret=&lt;your_access_secret&gt;

// 可选配置项
remote_tsfile_cache_dirs=data/datanode/data/cache
remote_tsfile_cache_page_size_in_kb=20971520
remote_tsfile_cache_max_disk_usage_in_mb=53687091200
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>在该示例中，共配置了三个层级的存储，具体为：</p><table><thead><tr><th><strong>层级</strong></th><th><strong>数据目录</strong></th><th><strong>数据范围</strong></th><th><strong>磁盘最小剩余空间阈值</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>层级一</td><td>目录一：/data1/data</td><td>最近 1 天的数据</td><td>20%</td></tr><tr><td>层级二</td><td>目录一：/data2/data目录二：/data3/data</td><td>过去1 天至过去 10 天内的数据</td><td>15%</td></tr><tr><td>层级三</td><td>远端 AWS S3 存储</td><td>过去 10 天以前的数据</td><td>10%</td></tr></tbody></table></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/zh/UserGuide/V1.2.x/User-Manual/Tiered-Storage_timecho.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link vp-meta-label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">上次编辑于: </span><!----></div><!----></div></footer><!----><!----><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.2</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div>
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