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108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#使用-insert-语句">使用 INSERT 语句</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#向对齐时间序列插入数据">向对齐时间序列插入数据</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="写入数据" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#写入数据"><span>写入数据</span></a></h1><p>IoTDB 为用户提供多种插入实时数据的方式，例如在 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/QuickStart/Command-Line-Interface.html">Cli/Shell 工具</a> 中直接输入插入数据的 INSERT 语句，或使用 Java API（标准 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/API/Programming-JDBC.html">Java JDBC</a> 接口）单条或批量执行插入数据的 INSERT 语句。</p><p>本节主要为您介绍实时数据接入的 INSERT 语句在场景中的实际使用示例，有关 INSERT SQL 语句的详细语法请参见本文 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Reference/SQL-Reference.html">INSERT 语句</a> 节。</p><p>注：写入重复时间戳的数据则原时间戳数据被覆盖，可视为更新数据。</p><h2 id="使用-insert-语句" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用-insert-语句"><span>使用 INSERT 语句</span></a></h2><p>使用 INSERT 语句可以向指定的已经创建的一条或多条时间序列中插入数据。对于每一条数据，均由一个时间戳类型的时间戳和一个数值或布尔值、字符串类型的传感器采集值组成。</p><p>在本节的场景实例下，以其中的两个时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.status</code>和<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware</code>为例 ，它们的数据类型分别为 BOOLEAN 和 TEXT。</p><p>单列数据插入示例代码如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">status</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;v1&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>以上示例代码将长整型的 timestamp 以及值为 true 的数据插入到时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.status</code>中和将长整型的 timestamp 以及值为”v1”的数据插入到时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware</code>中。执行成功后会返回执行时间，代表数据插入已完成。</p><blockquote><p>注意：在 IoTDB 中，TEXT 类型的数据单双引号都可以来表示，上面的插入语句是用的是双引号表示 TEXT 类型数据，下面的示例将使用单引号表示 TEXT 类型数据。</p></blockquote><p>INSERT 语句还可以支持在同一个时间点下多列数据的插入，同时向 2 时间点插入上述两个时间序列的值，多列数据插入示例代码如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">status</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;v2&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>此外，INSERT 语句支持一次性插入多行数据，同时向 2 个不同时间点插入上述时间序列的值，示例代码如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">status</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">VALUES</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;v3&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;v4&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>插入数据后我们可以使用 SELECT 语句简单查询已插入的数据。</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token number">5</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>结果如图所示。由查询结果可以看出，单列、多列数据的插入操作正确执行。</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
|                         Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware|root.ln.wf02.wt02.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|                        v1|                    true|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|                        v2|                   false|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|                        v3|                   false|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|                        v4|                    true|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 4
It costs 0.004s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>此外，我们可以省略 timestamp 列，此时系统将使用当前的系统时间作为该数据点的时间戳，示例代码如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">status</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;v2&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>注意：</strong> 当一次插入多行数据时必须指定时间戳。</p><h2 id="向对齐时间序列插入数据" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#向对齐时间序列插入数据"><span>向对齐时间序列插入数据</span></a></h2><p>向对齐时间序列插入数据只需在SQL中增加<code>ALIGNED</code>关键词，其他类似。</p><p>示例代码如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">create</span> aligned timeseries root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1 INT32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2 <span class="token keyword">DOUBLE</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">time</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> aligned <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">time</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> aligned <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
IoTDB <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>结果如图所示。由查询结果可以看出，数据的插入操作正确执行。</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------+--------------+
|                         Time|root.sg1.d1.s1|root.sg1.d1.s2|
+-----------------------------+--------------+--------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|             1|           1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|             2|           2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|             3|           3.0|
+-----------------------------+--------------+--------------+
Total line number = 3
It costs 0.004s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Write-Data/Write-Data.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link vp-meta-label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">上次编辑于: </span><!----></div><!----></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><!----><a class="route-link nav-link next" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Write-Data/Session.html" aria-label="原生接口写入"><div class="hint">下一页<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">原生接口写入<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.1</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div>
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