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       </script><title>查询过滤条件 | IoTDB Website</title><meta name="description" content="查询过滤条件 WHERE 子句指定了对数据行的筛选条件，由一个 whereCondition 组成。 whereCondition 是一个逻辑表达式，对于要选择的每一行，其计算结果为真。如果没有 WHERE 子句，将选择所有行。 在 whereCondition 中，可以使用除聚合函数之外的任何 IOTDB 支持的函数和运算符。 根据过滤条件的不同，可...">
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108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#时间过滤条件">时间过滤条件</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#值过滤条件">值过滤条件</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#模糊查询">模糊查询</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#使用-like-进行模糊匹配">使用 Like 进行模糊匹配</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#使用-regexp-进行模糊匹配">使用 Regexp 进行模糊匹配</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="查询过滤条件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查询过滤条件"><span>查询过滤条件</span></a></h1><p><code>WHERE</code> 子句指定了对数据行的筛选条件，由一个 <code>whereCondition</code> 组成。</p><p><code>whereCondition</code> 是一个逻辑表达式，对于要选择的每一行，其计算结果为真。如果没有 <code>WHERE</code> 子句，将选择所有行。<br> 在 <code>whereCondition</code> 中，可以使用除聚合函数之外的任何 IOTDB 支持的函数和运算符。</p><p>根据过滤条件的不同，可以分为时间过滤条件和值过滤条件。时间过滤条件和值过滤条件可以混合使用。</p><h2 id="时间过滤条件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#时间过滤条件"><span>时间过滤条件</span></a></h2><p>使用时间过滤条件可以筛选特定时间范围的数据。对于时间戳支持的格式，请参考 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Data-Concept/Data-Type.html">时间戳类型</a> 。</p><p>示例如下：</p><ol><li><p>选择时间戳大于 2022-01-01T00:05:00.000 的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1 <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T00:<span class="token number">05</span>:<span class="token number">00.000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择时间戳等于 2022-01-01T00:05:00.000 的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1 <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T00:<span class="token number">05</span>:<span class="token number">00.000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择时间区间 [2017-11-01T00:05:00.000, 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000) 内的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1 <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;=</span> <span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T00:<span class="token number">05</span>:<span class="token number">00.000</span> <span class="token operator">and</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token number">2017</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T00:<span class="token number">12</span>:<span class="token number">00.000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li></ol><p>注：在上述示例中，<code>time</code> 也可写做 <code>timestamp</code>。</p><h2 id="值过滤条件" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#值过滤条件"><span>值过滤条件</span></a></h2><p>使用值过滤条件可以筛选数据值满足特定条件的数据。<br><strong>允许</strong>使用 select 子句中未选择的时间序列作为值过滤条件。</p><p>示例如下：</p><ol><li><p>选择值大于 36.5 的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> temperature <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> temperature <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">36.5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择值等于 true 的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token keyword">status</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">status</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择区间 [36.5,40] 内或之外的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> temperature <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> temperature <span class="token operator">between</span> <span class="token number">36.5</span> <span class="token operator">and</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> temperature <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> temperature <span class="token operator">not</span> <span class="token operator">between</span> <span class="token number">36.5</span> <span class="token operator">and</span> <span class="token number">40</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择值在特定范围内的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> code <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> code <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&#39;200&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;300&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;400&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;500&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择值在特定范围外的数据：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> code <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> code <span class="token operator">not</span> <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&#39;200&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;300&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;400&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;500&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择值为空的数据:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> code <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> temperature <span class="token operator">is</span> <span class="token boolean">null</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>选择值为非空的数据:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> code <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> temperature <span class="token operator">is</span> <span class="token operator">not</span> <span class="token boolean">null</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li></ol><h2 id="模糊查询" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#模糊查询"><span>模糊查询</span></a></h2><p>对于 TEXT 类型的数据，支持使用 <code>Like</code> 和 <code>Regexp</code> 运算符对数据进行模糊匹配</p><h3 id="使用-like-进行模糊匹配" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用-like-进行模糊匹配"><span>使用 <code>Like</code> 进行模糊匹配</span></a></h3><p><strong>匹配规则：</strong></p><ul><li><code>%</code> 表示任意0个或多个字符。</li><li><code>_</code> 表示任意单个字符。</li></ul><p><strong>示例 1：</strong> 查询 <code>root.sg.d1</code> 下 <code>value</code> 含有<code>&#39;cc&#39;</code>的数据。</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; select * from root.sg.d1 where value like &#39;%cc%&#39;
+-----------------------------+----------------+
|                         Time|root.sg.d1.value|
+-----------------------------+----------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|        aabbccdd| 
|2017-11-01T00:00:01.000+08:00|              cc|
+-----------------------------+----------------+
Total line number = 2
It costs 0.002s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>示例 2：</strong> 查询 <code>root.sg.d1</code> 下 <code>value</code> 中间为 <code>&#39;b&#39;</code>、前后为任意单个字符的数据。</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; select * from root.sg.device where value like &#39;_b_&#39;
+-----------------------------+----------------+
|                         Time|root.sg.d1.value|
+-----------------------------+----------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:02.000+08:00|             abc| 
+-----------------------------+----------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.002s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="使用-regexp-进行模糊匹配" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用-regexp-进行模糊匹配"><span>使用 <code>Regexp</code> 进行模糊匹配</span></a></h3><p>需要传入的过滤条件为 <strong>Java 标准库风格的正则表达式</strong>。</p><p><strong>常见的正则匹配举例：</strong></p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>长度为3-20的所有字符：^.{3,20}$
大写英文字符：^[A-Z]+$
数字和英文字符：^[A-Za-z0-9]+$
以a开头的：^a.*
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>示例 1：</strong> 查询 root.sg.d1 下 value 值为26个英文字符组成的字符串。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh" data-title="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> * from root.sg.d1 where value regexp <span class="token string">&#39;^[A-Za-z]+$&#39;</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
<span class="token operator">|</span>                         Time<span class="token operator">|</span>root.sg.d1.value<span class="token operator">|</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
<span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">2017</span>-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00<span class="token operator">|</span>        aabbccdd<span class="token operator">|</span> 
<span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">2017</span>-11-01T00:00:01.000+08:00<span class="token operator">|</span>              cc<span class="token operator">|</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.002s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>示例 2：</strong> 查询 root.sg.d1 下 value 值为26个小写英文字符组成的字符串且时间大于100的。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh" data-title="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> * from root.sg.d1 where value regexp <span class="token string">&#39;^[a-z]+$&#39;</span> and <span class="token function">time</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">100</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
<span class="token operator">|</span>                         Time<span class="token operator">|</span>root.sg.d1.value<span class="token operator">|</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
<span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">2017</span>-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00<span class="token operator">|</span>        aabbccdd<span class="token operator">|</span> 
<span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">2017</span>-11-01T00:00:01.000+08:00<span class="token operator">|</span>              cc<span class="token operator">|</span>
+-----------------------------+----------------+
Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.002s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Where-Condition.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link vp-meta-label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">上次编辑于: </span><!----></div><!----></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><a class="route-link nav-link prev" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Align-By.html" aria-label="查询对齐模式"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>上一页</div><div class="link"><!---->查询对齐模式</div></a><a class="route-link nav-link next" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Group-By.html" aria-label="分段分组聚合"><div class="hint">下一页<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">分段分组聚合<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.0</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div>
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