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    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-us" href="https://iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/V0.13.x/Data-Concept/Data-Type.html"><meta property="og:url" content="https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/Data-Concept/Data-Type.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="IoTDB Website"><meta property="og:description" content="数据类型 基本数据类型 IoTDB 支持： BOOLEAN（布尔值） INT32（整型） INT64（长整型） FLOAT（单精度浮点数） DOUBLE（双精度浮点数） TEXT（字符串） 一共六种数据类型。 其中 FLOAT 与 DOUBLE 类型的序列，如果编码方式采用 或 可以指定 MAX_POINT_NUMBER，该项为浮点数的小数点后位数，若..."><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh-CN"><meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="en-US"><meta property="og:updated_time" content="2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"","image":[""],"dateModified":"2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z","author":[]}</script><link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="Description" content="Apache IoTDB: Time Series Database for IoT"><meta name="Keywords" content="TSDB, time series, time series database, IoTDB, IoT database, IoT data management,时序数据库, 时间序列管理, IoTDB, 物联网数据库, 实时数据库, 物联网数据管理, 物联网数据"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="wfKETzB3OT"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="mZWAoRY0yj_HAr-s47zHCGHzx5Ju-RVm5wDbPnwQYFo"><script type="text/javascript">
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id="toc"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="vp-toc-header">此页内容<button type="button" class="print-button" title="打印"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#数据类型">数据类型</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#基本数据类型">基本数据类型</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#时间戳类型">时间戳类型</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h2 id="数据类型" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#数据类型"><span>数据类型</span></a></h2><h3 id="基本数据类型" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#基本数据类型"><span>基本数据类型</span></a></h3><p>IoTDB 支持：</p><ul><li>BOOLEAN（布尔值）</li><li>INT32（整型）</li><li>INT64（长整型）</li><li>FLOAT（单精度浮点数）</li><li>DOUBLE（双精度浮点数）</li><li>TEXT（字符串）</li></ul><p>一共六种数据类型。</p><p>其中 <strong>FLOAT</strong> 与 <strong>DOUBLE</strong> 类型的序列，如果编码方式采用 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/Data-Concept/Encoding.html">RLE</a> 或 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/Data-Concept/Encoding.html">TS_2DIFF</a> 可以指定 MAX_POINT_NUMBER，该项为浮点数的小数点后位数，若不指定则系统会根据配置文件<code>iotdb-engine.properties</code>文件中的 <a class="route-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/Reference/Config-Manual.html">float_precision 项</a> 配置。</p><p>当系统中用户输入的数据类型与该时间序列的数据类型不对应时，系统会提醒类型错误，如下所示，二阶差分编码不支持布尔类型：</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; create timeseries root.ln.wf02.wt02.status WITH DATATYPE=BOOLEAN, ENCODING=TS_2DIFF
error: encoding TS_2DIFF does not support BOOLEAN
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="时间戳类型" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#时间戳类型"><span>时间戳类型</span></a></h3><p>时间戳是一个数据到来的时间点，其中包括绝对时间戳和相对时间戳。</p><h4 id="绝对时间戳" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#绝对时间戳"><span>绝对时间戳</span></a></h4><p>IOTDB 中绝对时间戳分为二种，一种为 LONG 类型，一种为 DATETIME 类型（包含 DATETIME-INPUT, DATETIME-DISPLAY 两个小类）。</p><p>在用户在输入时间戳时，可以使用 LONG 类型的时间戳或 DATETIME-INPUT 类型的时间戳，其中 DATETIME-INPUT 类型的时间戳支持格式如表所示：</p><div style="text-align:center;"><p><strong>DATETIME-INPUT 类型支持格式</strong></p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">format</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ssZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ssZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ssZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss.SSS</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;">ISO8601 standard time format</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>IoTDB 在显示时间戳时可以支持 LONG 类型以及 DATETIME-DISPLAY 类型，其中 DATETIME-DISPLAY 类型可以支持用户自定义时间格式。自定义时间格式的语法如表所示：</p><div style="text-align:center;"><p><strong>DATETIME-DISPLAY 自定义时间格式的语法</strong></p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">Symbol</th><th style="text-align:center;">Meaning</th><th style="text-align:center;">Presentation</th><th style="text-align:center;">Examples</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">G</td><td style="text-align:center;">era</td><td style="text-align:center;">era</td><td style="text-align:center;">era</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">C</td><td style="text-align:center;">century of era (&gt;=0)</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">20</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">Y</td><td style="text-align:center;">year of era (&gt;=0)</td><td style="text-align:center;">year</td><td style="text-align:center;">1996</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">x</td><td style="text-align:center;">weekyear</td><td style="text-align:center;">year</td><td style="text-align:center;">1996</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">w</td><td style="text-align:center;">week of weekyear</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">27</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">e</td><td style="text-align:center;">day of week</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">2</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">E</td><td style="text-align:center;">day of week</td><td style="text-align:center;">text</td><td style="text-align:center;">Tuesday; Tue</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">y</td><td style="text-align:center;">year</td><td style="text-align:center;">year</td><td style="text-align:center;">1996</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">D</td><td style="text-align:center;">day of year</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">189</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">M</td><td style="text-align:center;">month of year</td><td style="text-align:center;">month</td><td style="text-align:center;">July; Jul; 07</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">d</td><td style="text-align:center;">day of month</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">10</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">a</td><td style="text-align:center;">halfday of day</td><td style="text-align:center;">text</td><td style="text-align:center;">PM</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">K</td><td style="text-align:center;">hour of halfday (0~11)</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">h</td><td style="text-align:center;">clockhour of halfday (1~12)</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">H</td><td style="text-align:center;">hour of day (0~23)</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">0</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">k</td><td style="text-align:center;">clockhour of day (1~24)</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">24</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">m</td><td style="text-align:center;">minute of hour</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">30</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">s</td><td style="text-align:center;">second of minute</td><td style="text-align:center;">number</td><td style="text-align:center;">55</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">S</td><td style="text-align:center;">fraction of second</td><td style="text-align:center;">millis</td><td style="text-align:center;">978</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">z</td><td style="text-align:center;">time zone</td><td style="text-align:center;">text</td><td style="text-align:center;">Pacific Standard Time; PST</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">Z</td><td style="text-align:center;">time zone offset/id</td><td style="text-align:center;">zone</td><td style="text-align:center;">-0800; -08:00; America/Los_Angeles</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">&#39;</td><td style="text-align:center;">escape for text</td><td style="text-align:center;">delimiter</td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">&#39;&#39;</td><td style="text-align:center;">single quote</td><td style="text-align:center;">literal</td><td style="text-align:center;">&#39;</td></tr></tbody></table></div><h4 id="相对时间戳" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#相对时间戳"><span>相对时间戳</span></a></h4><p>相对时间是指与服务器时间<code>now()</code>和<code>DATETIME</code>类型时间相差一定时间间隔的时间。<br> 形式化定义为：</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>Duration = (Digit+ (&#39;Y&#39;|&#39;MO&#39;|&#39;W&#39;|&#39;D&#39;|&#39;H&#39;|&#39;M&#39;|&#39;S&#39;|&#39;MS&#39;|&#39;US&#39;|&#39;NS&#39;))+
RelativeTime = (now() | DATETIME) ((+|-) Duration)+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div> <div style="text-align:center;"><p><strong>The syntax of the duration unit</strong></p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">Symbol</th><th style="text-align:center;">Meaning</th><th style="text-align:center;">Presentation</th><th style="text-align:center;">Examples</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">y</td><td style="text-align:center;">year</td><td style="text-align:center;">1y=365 days</td><td style="text-align:center;">1y</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">mo</td><td style="text-align:center;">month</td><td style="text-align:center;">1mo=30 days</td><td style="text-align:center;">1mo</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">w</td><td style="text-align:center;">week</td><td style="text-align:center;">1w=7 days</td><td style="text-align:center;">1w</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">d</td><td style="text-align:center;">day</td><td style="text-align:center;">1d=1 day</td><td style="text-align:center;">1d</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">h</td><td style="text-align:center;">hour</td><td style="text-align:center;">1h=3600 seconds</td><td style="text-align:center;">1h</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">m</td><td style="text-align:center;">minute</td><td style="text-align:center;">1m=60 seconds</td><td style="text-align:center;">1m</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">s</td><td style="text-align:center;">second</td><td style="text-align:center;">1s=1 second</td><td style="text-align:center;">1s</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td><td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">ms</td><td style="text-align:center;">millisecond</td><td style="text-align:center;">1ms=1000_000 nanoseconds</td><td style="text-align:center;">1ms</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">us</td><td style="text-align:center;">microsecond</td><td style="text-align:center;">1us=1000 nanoseconds</td><td style="text-align:center;">1us</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">ns</td><td style="text-align:center;">nanosecond</td><td style="text-align:center;">1ns=1 nanosecond</td><td style="text-align:center;">1ns</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>例子：</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>now() - 1d2h //比服务器时间早 1 天 2 小时的时间
now() - 1w //比服务器时间早 1 周的时间
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