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href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Lambda.html" aria-label="Lambda"><!---->Lambda<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Profiling.html" aria-label="Data Profiling"><!---->Data Profiling<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Anomaly-Detection.html" aria-label="Anomaly Detection"><!---->Anomaly Detection<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Matching.html" aria-label="Data Matching"><!---->Data Matching<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link active vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page active" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Frequency-Domain.html" aria-label="Frequency Domain"><!---->Frequency Domain<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Quality.html" aria-label="Data Quality"><!---->Data Quality<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Repairing.html" aria-label="Data Repairing"><!---->Data Repairing<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Series-Discovery.html" aria-label="Series Discovery"><!---->Series Discovery<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Machine-Learning.html" aria-label="Machine Learning"><!---->Machine Learning<!----></a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Trigger</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section 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class="vp-sidebar-title">Ecosystem Integration</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Cluster</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">FAQ</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Reference</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main id="main-content" class="vp-page"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!----><nav class="vp-breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="vp-page-title"><h1><!---->Frequency Domain Analysis</h1><div class="page-info"><!----><!----><span class="page-date-info" aria-label="Writing Date"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon calendar-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="calendar icon"><path d="M716.4 110.137c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.472-33.473-18.753 0-33.473 14.72-33.473 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm-334.87 0c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.473-33.473s-33.52 14.72-33.52 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm468.81 33.52H716.4v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H381.53v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.473 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H180.6A134.314 134.314 0 0046.66 277.595v535.756A134.314 134.314 0 00180.6 947.289h669.74a134.36 134.36 0 00133.94-133.938V277.595a134.314 134.314 0 00-133.94-133.938zm33.473 267.877H147.126a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473c0-18.752 14.72-33.473 33.473-33.473h736.687c18.752 0 33.472 14.72 33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.472 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1.728-8.32l-.032.032c.608-3.104 1.568-7.744 1.568-13.28zM512 672c-88.224 0-160-71.776-160-160s71.776-160 160-160 160 71.776 160 160-71.776 160-160 160z"></path></svg><span id="ArtalkPV" class="vp-pageview waline-pageview-count" data-path="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Frequency-Domain.html" data-page-key="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Frequency-Domain.html">...</span></span><span class="page-reading-time-info" aria-label="Reading Time"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>About 10 min</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT10M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><div class="vp-toc-placeholder"><aside id="toc"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="vp-toc-header">On This Page<button type="button" class="print-button" title="Print"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#conv">Conv</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#deconv">Deconv</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-1">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-1">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#dwt">DWT</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-2">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-2">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#fft">FFT</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-3">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-3">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#highpass">HighPass</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-4">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-4">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#ifft">IFFT</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-5">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-5">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#lowpass">LowPass</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#usage-6">Usage</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#examples-6">Examples</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="frequency-domain-analysis" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#frequency-domain-analysis"><span>Frequency Domain Analysis</span></a></h1><h2 id="conv" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#conv"><span>Conv</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function is used to calculate the convolution, i.e. polynomial multiplication.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> CONV</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support two input series. The types are both INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. It is the result of convolution whose timestamps starting from 0 only indicate the order.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>NaN</code> in the input series will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d2.s1|root.test.d2.s2|
+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|            1.0|            7.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|            0.0|            2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|            1.0|           null|
+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> conv<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|                         Time|conv(root.test.d2.s1, root.test.d2.s2)|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                                   7.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|                                   2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|                                   7.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|                                   2.0|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="deconv" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deconv"><span>Deconv</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-1"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function is used to calculate the deconvolution, i.e. polynomial division.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> DECONV</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support two input series. The types are both INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>result</code>: The result of deconvolution, which is &#39;quotient&#39; or &#39;remainder&#39;. By default, the quotient will be output.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. It is the result of deconvolving the second series from the first series (dividing the first series by the second series) whose timestamps starting from 0 only indicate the order.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>NaN</code> in the input series will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-1"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><h4 id="calculate-the-quotient" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#calculate-the-quotient"><span>Calculate the quotient</span></a></h4><p>When <code>result</code> is &#39;quotient&#39; or the default, this function calculates the quotient of the deconvolution.</p><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d2.s3|root.test.d2.s2|
+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|            8.0|            7.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|            2.0|            2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|            7.0|           null|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|            2.0|           null|
+-----------------------------+---------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> deconv<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|                         Time|deconv(root.test.d2.s3, root.test.d2.s2)|
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                                     1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|                                     0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|                                     1.0|
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="calculate-the-remainder" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#calculate-the-remainder"><span>Calculate the remainder</span></a></h4><p>When <code>result</code> is &#39;remainder&#39;, this function calculates the remainder of the deconvolution.</p><p>Input series is the same as above, the SQL for query is shown below:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> deconv<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">&#39;result&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;remainder&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|                         Time|deconv(root.test.d2.s3, root.test.d2.s2, &quot;result&quot;=&quot;remainder&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                                                           1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|                                                           0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|                                                           0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|                                                           0.0|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="dwt" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#dwt"><span>DWT</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-2"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function is used to calculate 1d discrete wavelet transform of a numerical series.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> DWT</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support a single input series. The type is INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>method</code>: The type of wavelet. May select &#39;Haar&#39;, &#39;DB4&#39;, &#39;DB6&#39;, &#39;DB8&#39;, where DB means Daubechies. User may offer coefficients of wavelet transform and ignore this parameter. Case ignored.</li><li><code>coef</code>: Coefficients of wavelet transform. When providing this parameter, use comma &#39;,&#39; to split them, and leave no spaces or other punctuations.</li><li><code>layer</code>: Times to transform. The number of output vectors equals $layer+1$. Default is 1.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. The length is the same as the input.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> The length of input series must be an integer number power of 2.</p><h3 id="examples-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-2"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><h4 id="haar-wavelet-transform" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#haar-wavelet-transform"><span>Haar wavelet transform</span></a></h4><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d1.s1|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|            0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.100+08:00|            0.2|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.200+08:00|            1.5|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.300+08:00|            1.2|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.400+08:00|            0.6|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.500+08:00|            1.7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.600+08:00|            0.8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.700+08:00|            2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.800+08:00|            2.5|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.900+08:00|            2.1|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|            0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.100+08:00|            2.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.200+08:00|            1.8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.300+08:00|            1.2|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.400+08:00|            1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.500+08:00|            1.6|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> dwt<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">&quot;method&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;haar&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+
|                         Time|dwt(root.test.d1.s1, &quot;method&quot;=&quot;haar&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                  0.14142135834465192|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.100+08:00|                    1.909188342921157|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.200+08:00|                   1.6263456473052773|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.300+08:00|                   1.9798989957517026|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.400+08:00|                    3.252691126023161|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.500+08:00|                    1.414213562373095|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.600+08:00|                   2.1213203435596424|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.700+08:00|                   1.8384776479437628|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.800+08:00|                 -0.14142135834465192|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.900+08:00|                  0.21213200063848547|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|                  -0.7778174761639416|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.100+08:00|                  -0.8485281289944873|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.200+08:00|                   0.2828427799095765|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.300+08:00|                   -1.414213562373095|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.400+08:00|                  0.42426400127697095|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.500+08:00|                 -0.42426408557066786|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="fft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fft"><span>FFT</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-3" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-3"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function is used to calculate the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of a numerical series.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> FFT</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support a single input series. The type is INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>method</code>: The type of FFT, which is &#39;uniform&#39; (by default) or &#39;nonuniform&#39;. If the value is &#39;uniform&#39;, the timestamps will be ignored and all data points will be regarded as equidistant. Thus, the equidistant fast Fourier transform algorithm will be applied. If the value is &#39;nonuniform&#39; (TODO), the non-equidistant fast Fourier transform algorithm will be applied based on timestamps.</li><li><code>result</code>: The result of FFT, which is &#39;real&#39;, &#39;imag&#39;, &#39;abs&#39; or &#39;angle&#39;, corresponding to the real part, imaginary part, magnitude and phase angle. By default, the magnitude will be output.</li><li><code>compress</code>: The parameter of compression, which is within (0,1]. It is the reserved energy ratio of lossy compression. By default, there is no compression.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. The length is the same as the input. The timestamps starting from 0 only indicate the order.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>NaN</code> in the input series will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples-3" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-3"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><h4 id="uniform-fft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uniform-fft"><span>Uniform FFT</span></a></h4><p>With the default <code>type</code>, uniform FFT is applied.</p><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d1.s1|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|       2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:02.000+08:00|     -2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:03.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:04.000+08:00|            1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:05.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:06.000+08:00|      0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:07.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:08.000+08:00|      -0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:09.000+08:00|            0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:10.000+08:00|       0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:11.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:12.000+08:00|     -0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:13.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:14.000+08:00|           -1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:15.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:16.000+08:00|      2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:17.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:18.000+08:00|      -2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:19.000+08:00|            0.0|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> fft<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+----------------------+
|                         Time|  fft(root.test.d1.s1)|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                   0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| 1.2727111142703152E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|  2.385520799101839E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00|  8.723291723972645E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|    19.999999960195904|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00|     9.999999850988388|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.006+08:00| 3.2260694930700566E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.007+08:00|  8.723291605373329E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.008+08:00|  1.108657103979944E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.009+08:00| 1.2727110997246171E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.010+08:00|1.9852334701272664E-23|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.011+08:00| 1.2727111194499847E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.012+08:00|  1.108657103979944E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.013+08:00|  8.723291785769131E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.014+08:00|  3.226069493070057E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.015+08:00|     9.999999850988388|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.016+08:00|    19.999999960195904|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.017+08:00|  8.723291747109068E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.018+08:00| 2.3855207991018386E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.019+08:00| 1.2727112069910878E-8|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Note: The input is $y=sin(2\pi t/4)+2sin(2\pi t/5)$ with a length of 20. Thus, there are peaks in $k=4$ and $k=5$ of the output.</p><h4 id="uniform-fft-with-compression" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uniform-fft-with-compression"><span>Uniform FFT with Compression</span></a></h4><p>Input series is the same as above, the SQL for query is shown below:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> fft<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;result&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;real&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;compress&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;0.99&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> fft<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;result&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;imag&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">&#39;compress&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;0.99&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
|                         Time|  fft(root.test.d1.s1,|  fft(root.test.d1.s1,|
|                             |      &quot;result&quot;=&quot;real&quot;,|      &quot;result&quot;=&quot;imag&quot;,|
|                             |    &quot;compress&quot;=&quot;0.99&quot;)|    &quot;compress&quot;=&quot;0.99&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                   0.0|                   0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| -3.932894010461041E-9| 1.2104201863039066E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|-1.4021739447490164E-7| 1.9299268669082926E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00| -7.057291240286645E-8|  5.127422242345858E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|    19.021130288047125|    -6.180339875198807|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00|     9.999999850988388| 3.501852745067114E-16|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.019+08:00| -3.932894898639461E-9|-1.2104202549376264E-8|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Note: Based on the conjugation of the Fourier transform result, only the first half of the compression result is reserved.<br> According to the given parameter, data points are reserved from low frequency to high frequency until the reserved energy ratio exceeds it.<br> The last data point is reserved to indicate the length of the series.</p><h2 id="highpass" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#highpass"><span>HighPass</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-4" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-4"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function performs low-pass filtering on the input series and extracts components above the cutoff frequency.<br> The timestamps of input will be ignored and all data points will be regarded as equidistant.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> HIGHPASS</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support a single input series. The type is INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>wpass</code>: The normalized cutoff frequency which values (0,1). This parameter cannot be lacked.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. It is the input after filtering. The length and timestamps of output are the same as the input.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>NaN</code> in the input series will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples-4" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-4"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d1.s1|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|       2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:02.000+08:00|     -2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:03.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:04.000+08:00|            1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:05.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:06.000+08:00|      0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:07.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:08.000+08:00|      -0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:09.000+08:00|            0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:10.000+08:00|       0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:11.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:12.000+08:00|     -0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:13.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:14.000+08:00|           -1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:15.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:16.000+08:00|      2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:17.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:18.000+08:00|      -2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:19.000+08:00|            0.0|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> highpass<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">&#39;wpass&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;0.45&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|                         Time|highpass(root.test.d1.s1, &quot;wpass&quot;=&quot;0.45&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                       0.9999999534830373|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|                    1.7462829277628608E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:02.000+08:00|                      -0.9999999593178128|
|1970-01-01T08:00:03.000+08:00|                   -4.1115269056426626E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:04.000+08:00|                       0.9999999925494194|
|1970-01-01T08:00:05.000+08:00|                     3.328126513330016E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:06.000+08:00|                      -1.0000000183304454|
|1970-01-01T08:00:07.000+08:00|                    6.260191433311374E-10|
|1970-01-01T08:00:08.000+08:00|                       1.0000000018134796|
|1970-01-01T08:00:09.000+08:00|                   -3.097210911744423E-17|
|1970-01-01T08:00:10.000+08:00|                      -1.0000000018134794|
|1970-01-01T08:00:11.000+08:00|                   -6.260191627862097E-10|
|1970-01-01T08:00:12.000+08:00|                       1.0000000183304454|
|1970-01-01T08:00:13.000+08:00|                    -3.328126501424346E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:14.000+08:00|                      -0.9999999925494196|
|1970-01-01T08:00:15.000+08:00|                     4.111526915498874E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:16.000+08:00|                       0.9999999593178128|
|1970-01-01T08:00:17.000+08:00|                   -1.7462829341296528E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:18.000+08:00|                      -0.9999999534830369|
|1970-01-01T08:00:19.000+08:00|                   -1.035237222742873E-16|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Note: The input is $y=sin(2\pi t/4)+2sin(2\pi t/5)$ with a length of 20. Thus, the output is $y=sin(2\pi t/4)$ after high-pass filtering.</p><h2 id="ifft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ifft"><span>IFFT</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-5" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-5"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function treats the two input series as the real and imaginary part of a complex series, performs an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and outputs the real part of the result.<br> For the input format, please refer to the output format of <code>FFT</code> function.<br> Moreover, the compressed output of <code>FFT</code> function is also supported.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> IFFT</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support two input series. The types are both INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>start</code>: The start time of the output series with the format &#39;yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss&#39;. By default, it is &#39;1970-01-01 08:00:00&#39;.</li><li><code>interval</code>: The interval of the output series, which is a positive number with an unit. The unit is &#39;ms&#39; for millisecond, &#39;s&#39; for second, &#39;m&#39; for minute, &#39;h&#39; for hour and &#39;d&#39; for day. By default, it is 1s.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. It is strictly equispaced. The values are the results of IFFT.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> If a row contains null points or <code>NaN</code>, it will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples-5" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-5"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
|                         Time|       root.test.d1.re|       root.test.d1.im|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                   0.0|                   0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| -3.932894010461041E-9| 1.2104201863039066E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|-1.4021739447490164E-7| 1.9299268669082926E-7|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00| -7.057291240286645E-8|  5.127422242345858E-8|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00|    19.021130288047125|    -6.180339875198807|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.005+08:00|     9.999999850988388| 3.501852745067114E-16|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.019+08:00| -3.932894898639461E-9|-1.2104202549376264E-8|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> ifft<span class="token punctuation">(</span>re<span class="token punctuation">,</span> im<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;interval&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;1m&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&#39;start&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;2021-01-01 00:00:00&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
|                         Time|ifft(root.test.d1.re, root.test.d1.im, &quot;interval&quot;=&quot;1m&quot;,|
|                             |                         &quot;start&quot;=&quot;2021-01-01 00:00:00&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
|2021-01-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|                                      2.902112992431231|
|2021-01-01T00:01:00.000+08:00|                                     1.1755704705132448|
|2021-01-01T00:02:00.000+08:00|                                     -2.175570513757101|
|2021-01-01T00:03:00.000+08:00|                                    -1.9021130389094498|
|2021-01-01T00:04:00.000+08:00|                                     0.9999999925494194|
|2021-01-01T00:05:00.000+08:00|                                      1.902113046743454|
|2021-01-01T00:06:00.000+08:00|                                    0.17557053610884188|
|2021-01-01T00:07:00.000+08:00|                                    -1.1755704886020932|
|2021-01-01T00:08:00.000+08:00|                                    -0.9021130371347148|
|2021-01-01T00:09:00.000+08:00|                                  3.552713678800501E-16|
|2021-01-01T00:10:00.000+08:00|                                     0.9021130371347154|
|2021-01-01T00:11:00.000+08:00|                                     1.1755704886020932|
|2021-01-01T00:12:00.000+08:00|                                   -0.17557053610884144|
|2021-01-01T00:13:00.000+08:00|                                     -1.902113046743454|
|2021-01-01T00:14:00.000+08:00|                                    -0.9999999925494196|
|2021-01-01T00:15:00.000+08:00|                                     1.9021130389094498|
|2021-01-01T00:16:00.000+08:00|                                     2.1755705137571004|
|2021-01-01T00:17:00.000+08:00|                                    -1.1755704705132448|
|2021-01-01T00:18:00.000+08:00|                                     -2.902112992431231|
|2021-01-01T00:19:00.000+08:00|                                 -3.552713678800501E-16|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="lowpass" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lowpass"><span>LowPass</span></a></h2><h3 id="usage-6" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage-6"><span>Usage</span></a></h3><p>This function performs low-pass filtering on the input series and extracts components below the cutoff frequency.<br> The timestamps of input will be ignored and all data points will be regarded as equidistant.</p><p><strong>Name:</strong> LOWPASS</p><p><strong>Input:</strong> Only support a single input series. The type is INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE.</p><p><strong>Parameters:</strong></p><ul><li><code>wpass</code>: The normalized cutoff frequency which values (0,1). This parameter cannot be lacked.</li></ul><p><strong>Output:</strong> Output a single series. The type is DOUBLE. It is the input after filtering. The length and timestamps of output are the same as the input.</p><p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>NaN</code> in the input series will be ignored.</p><h3 id="examples-6" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples-6"><span>Examples</span></a></h3><p>Input series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+---------------+
|                         Time|root.test.d1.s1|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|       2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:02.000+08:00|     -2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:03.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:04.000+08:00|            1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:05.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:06.000+08:00|      0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:07.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:08.000+08:00|      -0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:09.000+08:00|            0.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:10.000+08:00|       0.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:11.000+08:00|      1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:12.000+08:00|     -0.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:13.000+08:00|     -1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:14.000+08:00|           -1.0|
|1970-01-01T08:00:15.000+08:00|      1.9021131|
|1970-01-01T08:00:16.000+08:00|      2.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:17.000+08:00|     -1.1755705|
|1970-01-01T08:00:18.000+08:00|      -2.902113|
|1970-01-01T08:00:19.000+08:00|            0.0|
+-----------------------------+---------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>SQL for query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> lowpass<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">&#39;wpass&#39;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;0.45&#39;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>test<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Output series:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|                         Time|lowpass(root.test.d1.s1, &quot;wpass&quot;=&quot;0.45&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.000+08:00|                      1.9021130073323922|
|1970-01-01T08:00:01.000+08:00|                      1.1755704705132448|
|1970-01-01T08:00:02.000+08:00|                     -1.1755705286582614|
|1970-01-01T08:00:03.000+08:00|                     -1.9021130389094498|
|1970-01-01T08:00:04.000+08:00|                    7.450580419288145E-9|
|1970-01-01T08:00:05.000+08:00|                       1.902113046743454|
|1970-01-01T08:00:06.000+08:00|                      1.1755705212076808|
|1970-01-01T08:00:07.000+08:00|                     -1.1755704886020932|
|1970-01-01T08:00:08.000+08:00|                     -1.9021130222335536|
|1970-01-01T08:00:09.000+08:00|                   3.552713678800501E-16|
|1970-01-01T08:00:10.000+08:00|                      1.9021130222335536|
|1970-01-01T08:00:11.000+08:00|                      1.1755704886020932|
|1970-01-01T08:00:12.000+08:00|                     -1.1755705212076801|
|1970-01-01T08:00:13.000+08:00|                      -1.902113046743454|
|1970-01-01T08:00:14.000+08:00|                    -7.45058112983088E-9|
|1970-01-01T08:00:15.000+08:00|                      1.9021130389094498|
|1970-01-01T08:00:16.000+08:00|                      1.1755705286582616|
|1970-01-01T08:00:17.000+08:00|                     -1.1755704705132448|
|1970-01-01T08:00:18.000+08:00|                     -1.9021130073323924|
|1970-01-01T08:00:19.000+08:00|                  -2.664535259100376E-16|
+-----------------------------+----------------------------------------+
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Note: The input is $y=sin(2\pi t/4)+2sin(2\pi t/5)$ with a length of 20. Thus, the output is $y=2sin(2\pi t/5)$ after low-pass filtering.</p></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Frequency-Domain.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub" class="nav-link vp-meta-label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">Last update: </span><!----></div><!----></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><a class="route-link nav-link prev" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Matching.html" aria-label="Data Matching"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>Prev</div><div class="link"><!---->Data Matching</div></a><a class="route-link nav-link next" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/Operators-Functions/Data-Quality.html" aria-label="Data Quality"><div class="hint">Next<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">Data Quality<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.1</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div>
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