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    gitHub
    <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB用户手册 (In progress)</span> <!----></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB简介</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>快速上手</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>数据模式与概念</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>SQL命令行终端(CLI)</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>权限管理</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB-SQL 语言</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>应用编程接口</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/API/Programming-JDBC.html" class="sidebar-link">JDBC</a></li><li><a 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class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>端云协同</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统集成</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>集群搭建</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>常见问题</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>附录</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>时间序列数据库比较</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="content content__default"><h2 id="python-原生接口"><a href="#python-原生接口" class="header-anchor">#</a> Python 原生接口</h2> <h3 id="依赖"><a href="#依赖" class="header-anchor">#</a> 依赖</h3> <p>在使用Python原生接口包前，您需要安装 thrift (&gt;=0.13) 依赖。</p> <h3 id="如何使用-示例"><a href="#如何使用-示例" class="header-anchor">#</a> 如何使用 (示例)</h3> <p>首先下载包：<code>pip3 install apache-iotdb</code></p> <p>您可以从这里得到一个使用该包进行数据读写的例子：<a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/blob/master/client-py/SessionExample.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Example<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p> <p>（您需要在文件的头部添加<code>import iotdb</code>）</p> <p>或者：</p> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><h3 id="iotdb-testcontainer"><a href="#iotdb-testcontainer" class="header-anchor">#</a> IoTDB Testcontainer</h3> <p>Python客户端对测试的支持是基于<code>testcontainers</code>库 (https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html)的，如果您想使用该特性，就需要将其安装到您的项目中。</p> <p>要在Docker容器中启动（和停止）一个IoTDB数据库，只需这样做:</p> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyTestCase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>unittest<span class="token punctuation">.</span>TestCase<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">test_something</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>self<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">with</span> IoTDBContainer<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> c<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'localhost'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> c<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_exposed_port<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">6667</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SHOW TIMESERIES&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><p>默认情况下，它会拉取最新的IoTDB镜像 <code>apache/iotdb:latest</code>进行测试，如果您想指定待测IoTDB的版本，您只需要将版本信息像这样声明：<code>IoTDBContainer(&quot;apache/iotdb:0.12.0&quot;)</code>，此时，您就会得到一个<code>0.12.0</code>版本的IoTDB实例。</p> <h3 id="对-pandas-的支持"><a href="#对-pandas-的支持" class="header-anchor">#</a> 对 Pandas 的支持</h3> <p>我们支持将查询结果轻松地转换为<a href="https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pandas Dataframe<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>。</p> <p>SessionDataSet有一个方法<code>.todf()</code>，它的作用是消费SessionDataSet中的数据，并将数据转换为pandas dataframe。</p> <p>例子：</p> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT * FROM root.*&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Transform to Pandas Dataset</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>todf<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Now you can work with the dataframe</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><h3 id="给开发人员"><a href="#给开发人员" class="header-anchor">#</a> 给开发人员</h3> <h4 id="介绍"><a href="#介绍" class="header-anchor">#</a> 介绍</h4> <p>这是一个使用thrift rpc接口连接到IoTDB的示例。在Windows和Linux上操作几乎是一样的，但要注意路径分隔符等不同之处。</p> <h4 id="依赖-2"><a href="#依赖-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 依赖</h4> <p>首选Python3.7或更高版本。</p> <p>必须安装thrift（0.11.0或更高版本）才能将thrift文件编译为Python代码。下面是官方的安装教程，最终，您应该得到一个thrift可执行文件。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>http://thrift.apache.org/docs/install/
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>在开始之前，您还需要在Python环境中安装<code>requirements_dev.txt</code>中的其他依赖：</p> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code>pip <span class="token function">install</span> -r requirements_dev.txt
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h4 id="编译thrift库并调试"><a href="#编译thrift库并调试" class="header-anchor">#</a> 编译thrift库并调试</h4> <p>在IoTDB源代码文件夹的根目录下，运行<code>mvn clean generate-sources -pl client-py -am</code>，</p> <p>这个指令将自动删除<code>iotdb/thrift</code>中的文件，并使用新生成的thrift文件重新填充该文件夹。</p> <p>这个文件夹在git中会被忽略，并且<strong>永远不应该被推到git中！</strong></p> <p><strong>注意</strong>不要将<code>iotdb/thrift</code>上传到git仓库中 ！</p> <h4 id="session-客户端-使用示例"><a href="#session-客户端-使用示例" class="header-anchor">#</a> Session 客户端 &amp; 使用示例</h4> <p>我们将thrift接口打包到<code>client-py/src/iotdb/session.py</code>中（与Java版本类似），还提供了一个示例文件<code>client-py/src/SessionExample.py</code>来说明如何使用Session模块。请仔细阅读。</p> <p>另一个简单的例子：</p> <div class="language-python line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'root'</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><h4 id="测试"><a href="#测试" class="header-anchor">#</a> 测试</h4> <p>请在<code>tests</code>文件夹中添加自定义测试。</p> <p>要运行所有的测试，只需在根目录中运行<code>pytest .</code>即可。</p> <p><strong>注意</strong>一些测试需要在您的系统上使用docker，因为测试的IoTDB实例是使用<a href="https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">testcontainers<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>在docker容器中启动的。</p> <h4 id="其他工具"><a href="#其他工具" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他工具</h4> <p><a href="https://pypi.org/project/black/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">black<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 和 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/flake8/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">flake8<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 分别用于自动格式化和 linting。
它们可以通过 <code>black .</code> 或 <code>flake8 .</code> 分别运行。</p> <h3 id="发版"><a href="#发版" class="header-anchor">#</a> 发版</h3> <p>要进行发版，</p> <p>只需确保您生成了正确的thrift代码，</p> <p>运行了linting并进行了自动格式化，</p> <p>然后，确保所有测试都正常通过（通过<code>pytest .</code>），</p> <p>最后，您就可以将包发布到pypi了。</p> <h4 id="准备您的环境"><a href="#准备您的环境" class="header-anchor">#</a> 准备您的环境</h4> <p>首先，通过<code>pip install -r requirements_dev.txt</code>安装所有必要的开发依赖。</p> <h4 id="发版-2"><a href="#发版-2" class="header-anchor">#</a> 发版</h4> <p>有一个脚本<code>release.sh</code>可以用来执行发版的所有步骤。</p> <p>这些步骤包括：</p> <ul><li><p>删除所有临时目录（如果存在）</p></li> <li><p>（重新）通过mvn生成所有必须的源代码</p></li> <li><p>运行 linting （flke8）</p></li> <li><p>通过 pytest 运行测试</p></li> <li><p>Build</p></li> <li><p>发布到 pypi</p></li></ul></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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