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href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#initialization"><!---->Initialization<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#data-definition-interface-ddl-interface"><!---->Data Definition Interface (DDL Interface)<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface"><!---->Data Manipulation Interface (DML Interface)<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#iotdb-sql-interface"><!---->IoTDB-SQL Interface<!----></a><ul 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href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#tests"><!---->Tests<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#futher-tools"><!---->Futher Tools<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#releasing"><!---->Releasing<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html#preparing-your-environment"><!---->Preparing your environment<!----></a><ul class="vp-sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="vp-sidebar-sub-header"><a class="vp-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-heading" 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type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Write and Delete Data</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-heading clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Query Data</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-heading clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Process Data</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-heading clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Administration</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-heading clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Maintenance Tools</span><span class="vp-arrow 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Manipulation Interface (DML Interface)</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#iotdb-sql-interface">IoTDB-SQL Interface</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#pandas-support">Pandas Support</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#iotdb-testcontainer">IoTDB Testcontainer</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level2" href="/#developers">Developers</a></li><li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#introduction">Introduction</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug">Compile the thrift library and Debug</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#session-client-example">Session Client &amp; Example</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#tests">Tests</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#futher-tools">Futher Tools</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level2" href="/#releasing">Releasing</a></li><li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#preparing-your-environment">Preparing your environment</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a class="vp-link toc-link level3" href="/#doing-the-release">Doing the Release</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><!--

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--><h2 id="python-native-api" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#python-native-api" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Python Native API</h2><h3 id="requirements" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#requirements" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Requirements</h3><p>You have to install thrift (&gt;=0.13) before using the package.</p><h3 id="how-to-use-example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-use-example" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to use (Example)</h3><p>First, download the latest package: <code>pip3 install apache-iotdb</code></p><p><em>Notice: If you are installing Python API v0.13.0, DO NOT install by <code>pip install apache-iotdb==0.13.0</code>, use <code>pip install apache-iotdb==0.13.0.post1</code> instead!</em></p><p>You can get an example of using the package to read and write data at here: <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/blob/master/client-py/SessionExample.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Example<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>An example of aligned timeseries: <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/blob/master/client-py/SessionAlignedTimeseriesExample.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Aligned Timeseries Session Example<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>(you need to add <code>import iotdb</code> in the head of the file)</p><p>Or:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="initialization" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#initialization" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Initialization</h3><ul><li>Initialize a Session</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    ip<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    port<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    user<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    password<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    fetch_size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    zone_id<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;UTC+8&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Initialize a Session to connect multiple nodes</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>init_from_node_urls<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    node_urls<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1:6667&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1:6668&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1:6669&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    user<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    password<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    fetch_size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    zone_id<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;UTC+8&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Open a session, with a parameter to specify whether to enable RPC compression</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>enable_rpc_compression<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Notice: this RPC compression status of client must comply with that of IoTDB server</p><ul><li>Close a Session</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="data-definition-interface-ddl-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#data-definition-interface-ddl-interface" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Data Definition Interface (DDL Interface)</h3><h4 id="storage-group-management" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#storage-group-management" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Storage Group Management</h4><ul><li>Set storage group</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>set_storage_group<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Delete one or several storage groups</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_storage_group<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_storage_groups<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name_lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="timeseries-management" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#timeseries-management" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Timeseries Management</h4><ul><li>Create one or multiple timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ts_path<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    props<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> tags<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> alias<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_multi_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    ts_path_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    props_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> tags_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> alias_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Create aligned timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_aligned_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor_lst
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Attention: Alias of measurements are <strong>not supported</strong> currently.</p><ul><li>Delete one or several timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>paths_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Check whether the specific timeseries exists</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>check_time_series_exists<span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Data Manipulation Interface (DML Interface)</h3><h4 id="insert" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Insert</h4><p>It is recommended to use insertTablet to help improve write efficiency.</p><ul><li>Insert a Tablet，which is multiple rows of a device, each row has the same measurements <ul><li><strong>Better Write Performance</strong></li><li><strong>Support null values</strong>: fill the null value with any value, and then mark the null value via BitMap (from v0.13)</li></ul></li></ul><p>We have two implementations of Tablet in Python API.</p><ul><li>Normal Tablet</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>values_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10011.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test01&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">188.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">688.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test03&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test04&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
timestamps_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
tablet_ <span class="token operator">=</span> Tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamps_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>tablet_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Numpy Tablet</li></ul><p>Comparing with Tablet, Numpy Tablet is using <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">numpy.ndarray<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> to record data.<br> With less memory footprint and time cost of serialization, the insert performance will be better.</p><p><strong>Notice</strong></p><ol><li>time and numerical value columns in Tablet is ndarray</li><li>recommended to use the specific dtypes to each ndarray, see the example below<br> (if not, the default dtypes are also ok).</li></ol><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="token keyword">as</span> np
data_types_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BOOLEAN<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FLOAT<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>DOUBLE<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>TEXT<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
np_values_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BOOLEAN<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT32<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">188.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FLOAT<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10011.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">688.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6.25</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>DOUBLE<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;test01&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test03&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test04&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
np_timestamps_ <span class="token operator">=</span> np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
np_tablet_ <span class="token operator">=</span> NumpyTablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  <span class="token string">&quot;root.sg_test_01.d_02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> np_values_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> np_timestamps_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>np_tablet_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Tablets</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablets<span class="token punctuation">(</span>tablet_lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert a Record</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_record<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Records</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_records<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_ids_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> time_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_list_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Records that belong to the same device.<br> With type info the server has no need to do type inference, which leads a better performance</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_records_of_one_device<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> time_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="insert-with-type-inference" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert-with-type-inference" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Insert with type inference</h4><p>When the data is of String type, we can use the following interface to perform type inference based on the value of the value itself. For example, if value is &quot;true&quot; , it can be automatically inferred to be a boolean type. If value is &quot;3.2&quot; , it can be automatically inferred as a flout type. Without type information, server has to do type inference, which may cost some time.</p><ul><li>Insert a Record, which contains multiple measurement value of a device at a timestamp</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_str_record<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements<span class="token punctuation">,</span> string_values<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="insert-of-aligned-timeseries" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert-of-aligned-timeseries" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Insert of Aligned Timeseries</h4><p>The Insert of aligned timeseries uses interfaces like insert_aligned_XXX, and others are similar to the above interfaces:</p><ul><li>insert_aligned_record</li><li>insert_aligned_records</li><li>insert_aligned_records_of_one_device</li><li>insert_aligned_tablet</li><li>insert_aligned_tablets</li></ul><h3 id="iotdb-sql-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-sql-interface" aria-hidden="true">#</a> IoTDB-SQL Interface</h3><ul><li>Execute query statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Execute non query statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_non_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="pandas-support" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pandas-support" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pandas Support</h3><p>To easily transform a query result to a <a href="https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pandas Dataframe<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br> the SessionDataSet has a method <code>.todf()</code> which consumes the dataset and transforms it to a pandas dataframe.</p><p>Example:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT * FROM root.*&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Transform to Pandas Dataset</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>todf<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Now you can work with the dataframe</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="iotdb-testcontainer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-testcontainer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> IoTDB Testcontainer</h3><p>The Test Support is based on the lib <code>testcontainers</code> (<a href="https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>) which you need to install in your project if you want to use the feature.</p><p>To start (and stop) an IoTDB Database in a Docker container simply do:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyTestCase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>unittest<span class="token punctuation">.</span>TestCase<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">test_something</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>self<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">with</span> IoTDBContainer<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> c<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;localhost&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> c<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_exposed_port<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">6667</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SHOW TIMESERIES&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>by default it will load the image <code>apache/iotdb:latest</code>, if you want a specific version just pass it like e.g. <code>IoTDBContainer(&quot;apache/iotdb:0.12.0&quot;)</code> to get version <code>0.12.0</code> running.</p><h2 id="developers" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#developers" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Developers</h2><h3 id="introduction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#introduction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Introduction</h3><p>This is an example of how to connect to IoTDB with python, using the thrift rpc interfaces. Things are almost the same on Windows or Linux, but pay attention to the difference like path separator.</p><h3 id="prerequisites" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#prerequisites" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Prerequisites</h3><p>Python3.7 or later is preferred.</p><p>You have to install Thrift (0.11.0 or later) to compile our thrift file into python code. Below is the official tutorial of installation, eventually, you should have a thrift executable.</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>http://thrift.apache.org/docs/install/
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Before starting you need to install <code>requirements_dev.txt</code> in your python environment, e.g. by calling</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>pip <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-r</span> requirements_dev.txt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compile the thrift library and Debug</h3><p>In the root of IoTDB&#39;s source code folder, run <code>mvn clean generate-sources -pl client-py -am</code>.</p><p>This will automatically delete and repopulate the folder <code>iotdb/thrift</code> with the generated thrift files.<br> This folder is ignored from git and should <strong>never be pushed to git!</strong></p><p><strong>Notice</strong> Do not upload <code>iotdb/thrift</code> to the git repo.</p><h3 id="session-client-example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#session-client-example" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Session Client &amp; Example</h3><p>We packed up the Thrift interface in <code>client-py/src/iotdb/Session.py</code> (similar with its Java counterpart), also provided an example file <code>client-py/src/SessionExample.py</code> of how to use the session module. please read it carefully.</p><p>Or, another simple example:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="tests" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tests" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tests</h3><p>Please add your custom tests in <code>tests</code> folder.</p><p>To run all defined tests just type <code>pytest .</code> in the root folder.</p><p><strong>Notice</strong> Some tests need docker to be started on your system as a test instance is started in a docker container using <a href="https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">testcontainers<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h3 id="futher-tools" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#futher-tools" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Futher Tools</h3><p><a href="https://pypi.org/project/black/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">black<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> and <a href="https://pypi.org/project/flake8/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">flake8<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> are installed for autoformatting and linting.<br> Both can be run by <code>black .</code> or <code>flake8 .</code> respectively.</p><h2 id="releasing" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#releasing" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Releasing</h2><p>To do a release just ensure that you have the right set of generated thrift files.<br> Then run linting and auto-formatting.<br> Then, ensure that all tests work (via <code>pytest .</code>).<br> Then you are good to go to do a release!</p><h3 id="preparing-your-environment" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#preparing-your-environment" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Preparing your environment</h3><p>First, install all necessary dev dependencies via <code>pip install -r requirements_dev.txt</code>.</p><h3 id="doing-the-release" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#doing-the-release" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Doing the Release</h3><p>There is a convenient script <code>release.sh</code> to do all steps for a release.<br> Namely, these are</p><ul><li>Remove all transient directories from last release (if exists)</li><li>(Re-)generate all generated sources via mvn</li><li>Run Linting (flake8)</li><li>Run Tests via pytest</li><li>Build</li><li>Release to pypi</li></ul></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/UserGuide/V0.13.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Found Error? 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