| import{_ as n,c as a,b as e,o as t}from"./app-Bhq43HqP.js";const p={};function l(o,s){return t(),a("div",null,s[0]||(s[0]=[e(`<h1 id="字面值常量" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#字面值常量"><span>字面值常量</span></a></h1><p>该部分对 IoTDB 中支持的字面值常量进行说明,包括字符串常量、数值型常量、时间戳常量、布尔型常量和空值。</p><h2 id="字符串常量" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#字符串常量"><span>字符串常量</span></a></h2><p>在 IoTDB 中,字符串是由<strong>单引号(<code>'</code>)或双引号(<code>"</code>)字符括起来的字符序列</strong>。示例如下:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre><code><span class="line">'a string'</span> |
| <span class="line">"another string"</span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="使用场景" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用场景"><span>使用场景</span></a></h3><ul><li><p><code>INSERT</code> 或者 <code>SELECT</code> 中用于表达 <code>TEXT</code> 类型数据的场景。</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre><code><span class="line"><span class="token comment"># insert 示例</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'v1'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">insert</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">timestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>hardware<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">values</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'\\\\'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+--------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">Time</span><span class="token operator">|</span>root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt02<span class="token punctuation">.</span>hardware<span class="token operator">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+--------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">1970</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T08:<span class="token number">00</span>:<span class="token number">00.001</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token number">08</span>:<span class="token number">00</span><span class="token operator">|</span> v1<span class="token operator">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+--------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token number">1970</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">01</span>T08:<span class="token number">00</span>:<span class="token number">00.002</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token number">08</span>:<span class="token number">00</span><span class="token operator">|</span> \\\\<span class="token operator">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+--------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token comment"># select 示例</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">select</span> code <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">where</span> code <span class="token operator">in</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'string1'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'string2'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p><code>LOAD</code> / <code>REMOVE</code> / <code>SETTLE</code> 指令中的文件路径。</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre><code><span class="line"><span class="token comment"># load 示例</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">LOAD</span> <span class="token string">'examplePath'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token comment"># remove 示例</span></span> |
| <span class="line">REMOVE <span class="token string">'examplePath'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token comment"># SETTLE 示例</span></span> |
| <span class="line">SETTLE <span class="token string">'examplePath'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>用户密码。</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre><code><span class="line"><span class="token comment"># 示例,write_pwd 即为用户密码</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">USER</span> ln_write_user <span class="token string">'write_pwd'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>触发器和 UDF 中的类全类名,示例如下:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre><code><span class="line"><span class="token comment"># 触发器示例,AS 后使用字符串表示类全类名</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">TRIGGER</span> <span class="token identifier"><span class="token punctuation">\`</span>alert-listener-sg1d1s1<span class="token punctuation">\`</span></span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">AFTER</span> <span class="token keyword">INSERT</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">ON</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>s1</span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token string">'org.apache.iotdb.db.engine.trigger.example.AlertListener'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">WITH</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span></span> |
| <span class="line"> <span class="token string">'lo'</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'0'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> </span> |
| <span class="line"> <span class="token string">'hi'</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'100.0'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token punctuation">)</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token comment"># UDF 示例,AS 后使用字符串表示类全类名</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> <span class="token keyword">FUNCTION</span> example <span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token string">'org.apache.iotdb.udf.UDTFExample'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>Select 子句中可以为结果集中的值指定别名,别名可以被定义为字符串或者标识符,示例如下:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="sql" data-title="sql"><pre><code><span class="line"><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1 <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token string">'temperature'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2 <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token string">'speed'</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf01<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt01<span class="token punctuation">;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token comment"># 表头如下所示</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+-----------|-----+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">Time</span><span class="token operator">|</span>temperature<span class="token operator">|</span>speed<span class="token operator">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment">-----------------------------+-----------|-----+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></li><li><p>用于表示键值对,键值对的键和值可以被定义成常量(包括字符串)或者标识符,具体请参考键值对章节。</p></li></ul><h3 id="如何在字符串内使用引号" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#如何在字符串内使用引号"><span>如何在字符串内使用引号</span></a></h3><ul><li>在单引号引起的字符串内,双引号无需特殊处理。同理,在双引号引起的字符串内,单引号无需特殊处理。</li><li>在单引号引起的字符串里,可以通过双写单引号来表示一个单引号,即单引号 ' 可以表示为 ''。</li><li>在双引号引起的字符串里,可以通过双写双引号来表示一个双引号,即双引号 " 可以表示为 ""。</li></ul><p>字符串内使用引号的示例如下:</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="prismjs" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre><code><span class="line">'string' // string</span> |
| <span class="line">'"string"' // "string"</span> |
| <span class="line">'""string""' // ""string""</span> |
| <span class="line">'''string' // 'string</span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line">"string" // string</span> |
| <span class="line">"'string'" // 'string'</span> |
| <span class="line">"''string''" // ''string''</span> |
| <span class="line">"""string" // "string</span> |
| <span class="line"></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="数值型常量" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#数值型常量"><span>数值型常量</span></a></h2><p>数值型常量包括整型和浮点型。</p><p>整型常量是一个数字序列。可以以 <code>+</code> 或 <code>-</code> 开头表示正负。例如:<code>1</code>, <code>-1</code>。</p><p>带有小数部分或由科学计数法表示的为浮点型常量,例如:<code>.1</code>, <code>3.14</code>, <code>-2.23</code>, <code>+1.70</code>, <code>1.2E3</code>, <code>1.2E-3</code>, <code>-1.2E3</code>, <code>-1.2E-3</code>。</p><p>在 IoTDB 中,<code>INT32</code> 和 <code>INT64</code> 表示整数类型(计算是准确的),<code>FLOAT</code> 和 <code>DOUBLE</code> 表示浮点数类型(计算是近似的)。</p><p>在浮点上下文中可以使用整数,它会被解释为等效的浮点数。</p><h2 id="时间戳常量" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#时间戳常量"><span>时间戳常量</span></a></h2><p>时间戳是一个数据到来的时间点,在 IoTDB 中分为绝对时间戳和相对时间戳。详细信息可参考 <a href="https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/Master/Data-Concept/Data-Type.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">数据类型文档</a>。</p><p>特别地,<code>NOW()</code>表示语句开始执行时的服务端系统时间戳。</p><h2 id="布尔型常量" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#布尔型常量"><span>布尔型常量</span></a></h2><p>布尔值常量 <code>TRUE</code> 和 <code>FALSE</code> 分别等价于 <code>1</code> 和 <code>0</code>,它们对大小写不敏感。</p><h2 id="空值" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#空值"><span>空值</span></a></h2><p><code>NULL</code>值表示没有数据。<code>NULL</code>对大小写不敏感。</p>`,24)]))}const c=n(p,[["render",l],["__file","Literal-Values.html.vue"]]),r=JSON.parse(`{"path":"/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Syntax-Conventions/Literal-Values.html","title":"字面值常量","lang":"zh-CN","frontmatter":{"description":"字面值常量 该部分对 IoTDB 中支持的字面值常量进行说明,包括字符串常量、数值型常量、时间戳常量、布尔型常量和空值。 字符串常量 在 IoTDB 中,字符串是由单引号(')或双引号(\\")字符括起来的字符序列。示例如下: 使用场景 INSERT 或者 SELECT 中用于表达 TEXT 类型数据的场景。 LOAD / REMOVE / SETTLE ...","head":[["link",{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"en-us","href":"https://iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Syntax-Conventions/Literal-Values.html"}],["meta",{"property":"og:url","content":"https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Syntax-Conventions/Literal-Values.html"}],["meta",{"property":"og:site_name","content":"IoTDB Website"}],["meta",{"property":"og:title","content":"字面值常量"}],["meta",{"property":"og:description","content":"字面值常量 该部分对 IoTDB 中支持的字面值常量进行说明,包括字符串常量、数值型常量、时间戳常量、布尔型常量和空值。 字符串常量 在 IoTDB 中,字符串是由单引号(')或双引号(\\")字符括起来的字符序列。示例如下: 使用场景 INSERT 或者 SELECT 中用于表达 TEXT 类型数据的场景。 LOAD / REMOVE / SETTLE ..."}],["meta",{"property":"og:type","content":"article"}],["meta",{"property":"og:locale","content":"zh-CN"}],["meta",{"property":"og:locale:alternate","content":"en-US"}],["meta",{"property":"og:updated_time","content":"2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z"}],["meta",{"property":"article:modified_time","content":"2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z"}],["script",{"type":"application/ld+json"},"{\\"@context\\":\\"https://schema.org\\",\\"@type\\":\\"Article\\",\\"headline\\":\\"字面值常量\\",\\"image\\":[\\"\\"],\\"dateModified\\":\\"2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z\\",\\"author\\":[]}"]]},"headers":[{"level":2,"title":"字符串常量","slug":"字符串常量","link":"#字符串常量","children":[{"level":3,"title":"使用场景","slug":"使用场景","link":"#使用场景","children":[]},{"level":3,"title":"如何在字符串内使用引号","slug":"如何在字符串内使用引号","link":"#如何在字符串内使用引号","children":[]}]},{"level":2,"title":"数值型常量","slug":"数值型常量","link":"#数值型常量","children":[]},{"level":2,"title":"时间戳常量","slug":"时间戳常量","link":"#时间戳常量","children":[]},{"level":2,"title":"布尔型常量","slug":"布尔型常量","link":"#布尔型常量","children":[]},{"level":2,"title":"空值","slug":"空值","link":"#空值","children":[]}],"git":{"createdTime":1688958677000,"updatedTime":1688958677000,"contributors":[{"name":"CritasWang","email":"critas@outlook.com","commits":1}]},"readingTime":{"minutes":3.02,"words":907},"filePathRelative":"zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Syntax-Conventions/Literal-Values.md","localizedDate":"2023年7月10日","autoDesc":true}`);export{c as comp,r as data}; |