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apache / iotdb-website / 4358384a56eba86764ad62ed90da3a9fd8a31a5a / . / assets / js / 826.19353077.js
blob: 24d5478728f81b1d1a90ee27922844dcdd449925 [file] [log] [blame]
(window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[]).push([[826],{1224:function(s,t,a){"use strict";a.r(t);var n=a(29),e=Object(n.a)({},(function(){var s=this,t=s._self._c;return t("ContentSlotsDistributor",{attrs:{"slot-key":s.$parent.slotKey}},[t("h1",{attrs:{id:"用法"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#用法"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 用法")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("现在，您准备开始使用TsFile做一些很棒的事情。 本节演示TsFile的详细用法。")]),s._v(" "),t("h2",{attrs:{id:"时间序列数据"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#时间序列数据"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 时间序列数据")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("时间序列被视为四倍序列。 四元组定义为（设备，测量，时间，值）。")]),s._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[t("p",[t("strong",[s._v("测量")]),s._v(": 时间序列进行的物理或形式测量，例如城市温度，某些商品的销售数量或火车在不同时间的速度。 由于传统的传感器（例如温度计）也需要进行一次测量并生成一个时间序列，因此我们将在下面互换使用测量和传感器。")])]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[t("strong",[s._v("设备")]),s._v(": 设备是指正在执行多个测量（产生多个时间序列）的实体，例如，运行中的火车监视其速度，油表，行驶里程，当前乘客均被传送到一个时间序列。")])])]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("表1说明了一组时间序列数据。 下表中显示的集合包含一个名为“ device_1”的设备以及三个名为“ sensor_1”，“ sensor_2”和“ sensor_3”的测量值。")]),s._v(" "),t("center",[t("table",{staticStyle:{"text-align":"center"}},[t("tr",[t("th",{attrs:{colspan:"6"}},[s._v("device_1")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("th",{attrs:{colspan:"2"}},[s._v("sensor_1")]),t("th",{attrs:{colspan:"2"}},[s._v("sensor_2")]),t("th",{attrs:{colspan:"2"}},[s._v("sensor_3")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("th",[s._v("time")]),t("th",[s._v("value")]),t("th",[s._v("time")]),t("th",[s._v("value")]),t("th",[s._v("time")]),t("th",[s._v("value")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[s._v("1")]),t("td",[s._v("1.2")]),t("td",[s._v("1")]),t("td",[s._v("20")]),t("td",[s._v("2")]),t("td",[s._v("50")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[s._v("3")]),t("td",[s._v("1.4")]),t("td",[s._v("2")]),t("td",[s._v("20")]),t("td",[s._v("4")]),t("td",[s._v("51")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[s._v("5")]),t("td",[s._v("1.1")]),t("td",[s._v("3")]),t("td",[s._v("21")]),t("td",[s._v("6")]),t("td",[s._v("52")])]),s._v(" "),t("tr",[t("td",[s._v("7")]),t("td",[s._v("1.8")]),t("td",[s._v("4")]),t("td",[s._v("20")]),t("td",[s._v("8")]),t("td",[s._v("53")])])]),s._v(" "),t("span",[s._v("一组时间序列数据")])]),s._v(" "),t("p",[t("strong",[s._v("一行数据")]),s._v(": 在许多工业应用中，设备通常包含多个传感器，并且这些传感器可能在同一时间戳上具有值，这称为一行数据。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("形式上，一行数据由一个"),t("code",[s._v("device_id")]),s._v("，一个指示自1970年1月1日以来的毫秒数，00：00：00组成的时间戳，以及由"),t("code",[s._v("measurement_id")]),s._v("和对应的"),t("code",[s._v("value")]),s._v("组成的几对数据组成。 一行中的所有数据对都属于该"),t("code",[s._v("device_id")]),s._v("，并且具有相同的时间戳。 如果其中一个"),t("code",[s._v("measurements")]),s._v(" 在"),t("code",[s._v("value")]),s._v(" 中没有"),t("code",[s._v("value")]),s._v("，请改用空格（实际上，TsFile不存储空值）。 其格式如下所示：")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("device_id, timestamp, <measurement_id, value>...\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("一个示例如下所示。 在此示例中，两个测量的数据类型分别为INT32和FLOAT。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("device_1, 1490860659000, m1, 10, m2, 12.12\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("h2",{attrs:{id:"编写tsfile"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#编写tsfile"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 编写TsFile")]),s._v(" "),t("h3",{attrs:{id:"生成一个tsfile文件。"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#生成一个tsfile文件。"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 生成一个TsFile文件。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("可以通过以下三个步骤来生成TsFile，完整的代码将在“编写TsFile的示例”部分中给出。")]),s._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[t("p",[s._v("首先，构造一个"),t("code",[s._v("TsFileWriter")]),s._v("实例。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("以下是可用的构造函数：")]),s._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[s._v("没有预定义的架构")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public TsFileWriter(File file) throws IOException\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("ul",[t("li",[s._v("使用预定义的架构")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public TsFileWriter(File file, FileSchema schema) throws IOException\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("这是用于使用HDFS文件系统的。 "),t("code",[s._v("TsFileOutput")]),s._v("可以是"),t("code",[s._v("HDFSOutput")]),s._v("类的实例。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public TsFileWriter(TsFileOutput output, 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MeasurementSchema> measurements)\n \n// 一些有用的吸气剂和检查剂\npublic TSDataType getMeasurementDataType(String measurementId)\npublic MeasurementSchema getMeasurementSchema(String measurementId)\npublic Map<String, MeasurementSchema> getAllMeasurementSchema()\npublic boolean hasMeasurement(String measurementId)\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("4")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("5")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("6")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("7")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("8")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("9")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("10")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("11")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("12")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("13")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("您可以始终在"),t("code",[s._v("TsFileWriter")]),s._v("类中使用以下接口来添加其他度量：\n​")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- 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"),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("4")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("5")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("6")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[t("strong",[s._v("参数：")])]),s._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[t("p",[s._v("measurementID：此测量的名称，通常是传感器的名称。")])]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[s._v("类型：数据类型，现在支持六种类型："),t("code",[s._v("BOOLEAN")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("INT32")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("INT64")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("FLOAT")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("DOUBLE")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("TEXT")]),s._v("。")])]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[s._v("encoding：数据编码。 看到 "),t("RouterLink",{attrs:{to:"/zh/UserGuide/V0.8.x/2-Concept Key Concepts and Terminology/3-Encoding.html"}},[s._v("章节 2-3")]),s._v(".")],1)]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[s._v("compression：数据压缩。 现在支持"),t("code",[s._v("UNCOMPRESSED")]),s._v("和"),t("code",[s._v("SNAPPY")]),s._v("。")])]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[s._v("props：特殊数据类型的属性，例如"),t("code",[s._v("FLOAT")]),s._v("和"),t("code",[s._v("DOUBLE")]),s._v("的"),t("code",[s._v("max_point_number")]),s._v("，"),t("code",[s._v("TEXT")]),s._v("的"),t("code",[s._v("max_string_length")]),s._v("。 用作字符串对，例如（“ max_point_number”，“ 3”）。")])])]),s._v(" "),t("blockquote",[t("p",[s._v("**注意：**尽管一个度量名称可以在多个deltaObject中使用，但是不能更改属性。 即 不允许多次使用不同的类型或编码添加一个测量名称。\n这是一个不好的例子：")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- extra-class"},[t("pre",[t("code",[s._v(' // 测量值“ sensor_1”为浮点型\n addMeasurement(new MeasurementSchema("sensor_1", TSDataType.FLOAT, TSEncoding.RLE));\n \n // 此调用将引发WriteProcessException异常\n addMeasurement(new MeasurementSchema("sensor_1", TSDataType.INT32, TSEncoding.RLE));\n')])])])]),s._v(" "),t("li",[t("p",[s._v("第三，连续插入和写入数据。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("使用此接口可以创建新的"),t("code",[s._v("TSRecord")]),s._v("（时间戳和设备对）。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public TSRecord(long timestamp, String deviceId)\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("然后创建一个"),t("code",[s._v("DataPoint")]),s._v("（一个测量值和一个值对），并使用"),t("code",[s._v("addTuple")]),s._v("方法将"),t("code",[s._v("DataPoint")]),s._v("添加到正确的TsRecord。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("用这种方法写")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public void write(TSRecord record) throws IOException, WriteProcessException\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])])]),s._v(" 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root.area_1.device_1.sensor_1”。\n最后一部分“ sensor_1”称为“ measurementId”，其余部分“ root.area_1.device_1”称为deviceId。\n如上所述，不同设备中的相同测量具有相同的数据类型和编码，并且设备也是唯一的。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("在读取接口中，参数"),t("code",[s._v("paths")]),s._v("指示要选择的测量。")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("路径实例可以通过"),t("code",[s._v("Path")]),s._v("类很容易地构造。 例如：")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v('Path p = new Path("device_1.sensor_1");\n')])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("我们将传递路径的ArrayList进行最终查询，以支持多个路径。")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v('List<Path> paths = new ArrayList<Path>();\npaths.add(new Path("device_1.sensor_1"));\npaths.add(new Path("device_1.sensor_3"));\n')])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br")])]),t("blockquote",[t("p",[s._v("**注意：**在构造路径时，参数的格式应为点分隔的字符串，最后一部分将被识别为MeasurementId，而其余部分将被识别为deviceId。")])]),s._v(" "),t("h3",{attrs:{id:"过滤器的定义"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#过滤器的定义"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 过滤器的定义")]),s._v(" "),t("h4",{attrs:{id:"使用场景"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#使用场景"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" 使用场景")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[s._v("在TsFile读取过程中使用筛选器来选择满足一个或多个给定条件的数据。")]),s._v(" "),t("h4",{attrs:{id:"iexpression"}},[t("a",{staticClass:"header-anchor",attrs:{href:"#iexpression"}},[s._v("#")]),s._v(" IExpression")]),s._v(" "),t("p",[t("code",[s._v("IExpression")]),s._v("是一个过滤器表达式接口，它将传递给我们的最终查询调用。\n我们创建一个或多个过滤器表达式，并可以使用二进制过滤器运算符将它们链接到最终表达式。")]),s._v(" 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"),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("2")]),t("br"),t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("3")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("接下来，我们准备路径数组和查询表达式，然后通过此接口获取最终的"),t("code",[s._v("QueryExpression")]),s._v("对象：")]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("QueryExpression queryExpression = QueryExpression.create(paths, statement);\n")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"line-numbers-wrapper"},[t("span",{staticClass:"line-number"},[s._v("1")]),t("br")])]),t("p",[s._v("ReadOnlyTsFile类具有两个"),t("code",[s._v("query")]),s._v("方法来执行查询。")]),s._v(" "),t("ul",[t("li",[t("p",[t("strong",[s._v("方法1")])]),s._v(" "),t("div",{staticClass:"language- line-numbers-mode"},[t("pre",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"language-text"}},[t("code",[s._v("public QueryDataSet query(QueryExpression queryExpression) throws 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path "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[s._v("=")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token string"}},[s._v('"test.tsfile"')]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(";")]),s._v("\n\n "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token comment"}},[s._v("// 创建阅读器并获取readTsFile接口")]),s._v("\n "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token class-name"}},[s._v("TsFileSequenceReader")]),s._v(" reader "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token operator"}},[s._v("=")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token keyword"}},[s._v("new")]),s._v(" "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token class-name"}},[s._v("TsFileSequenceReader")]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v("(")]),s._v("path"),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(")")]),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token punctuation"}},[s._v(";")]),s._v("\n "),t("span",{pre:!0,attrs:{class:"token class-name"}},[s._v("ReadOnlyTsFile")]),s._v(" readTsFile 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