<!doctype html>
<html lang="en-US" data-theme="light">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
    <meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-rc.9" />
    <meta name="theme" content="VuePress Theme Hope 2.0.0-rc.34" />
    <style>
      html {
        background: var(--bg-color, #fff);
      }

      html[data-theme="dark"] {
        background: var(--bg-color, #1d1e1f);
      }

      body {
        background: var(--bg-color);
      }
    </style>
    <script>
      const userMode = localStorage.getItem("vuepress-theme-hope-scheme");
      const systemDarkMode =
        window.matchMedia &&
        window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches;

      if (userMode === "dark" || (userMode !== "light" && systemDarkMode)) {
        document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
      }
    </script>
    <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-cn" href="https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html"><meta property="og:url" content="https://iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="IoTDB Website"><meta property="og:description" content="Python Native API Requirements You have to install thrift (>=0.13) before using the package. How to use (Example) First, download the package: pip3 install apache-iotdb You can ..."><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:image" content="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/UserGuide/API/IoTDB-SQLAlchemy/sqlalchemy-to-iotdb.png?raw=true"><meta property="og:locale" content="en-US"><meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="zh-CN"><meta property="og:updated_time" content="2023-12-15T13:16:16.000Z"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-12-15T13:16:16.000Z"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"","image":["https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/UserGuide/API/IoTDB-SQLAlchemy/sqlalchemy-to-iotdb.png?raw=true"],"dateModified":"2023-12-15T13:16:16.000Z","author":[]}</script><link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="Description" content="Apache IoTDB: Time Series Database for IoT"><meta name="Keywords" content="TSDB, time series, time series database, IoTDB, IoT database, IoT data management,时序数据库, 时间序列管理, IoTDB, 物联网数据库, 实时数据库, 物联网数据管理, 物联网数据"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="wfKETzB3OT"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="mZWAoRY0yj_HAr-s47zHCGHzx5Ju-RVm5wDbPnwQYFo"><script type="text/javascript">
var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || [];
/* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */
_paq.push(["setDoNotTrack", true]);
_paq.push(["disableCookies"]);
_paq.push(['trackPageView']);
_paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);
(function() {
  var u="https://analytics.apache.org/";
  _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']);
  _paq.push(['setSiteId', '56']);
  var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
  g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s);
})();
       </script><title>IoTDB Website</title><meta name="description" content="Python Native API Requirements You have to install thrift (>=0.13) before using the package. How to use (Example) First, download the package: pip3 install apache-iotdb You can ...">
    <link rel="preload" href="/assets/style-BkOiQYY_.css" as="style"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/style-BkOiQYY_.css">
    <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/app-CHHFxD1F.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/Programming-Python-Native-API.html-X922sfWd.js">
    
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app"><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1"></span><a href="#main-content" class="vp-skip-link sr-only">Skip to main content</a><!--]--><!--[--><div class="theme-container has-toc"><!--[--><header id="navbar" class="vp-navbar hide-icon"><div class="vp-navbar-start"><button type="button" class="vp-toggle-sidebar-button" title="Toggle Sidebar"><span class="icon"></span></button><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[--><a class="route-link vp-brand" href="/"><img class="vp-nav-logo" src="/logo.png" alt><!----><span class="vp-site-name hide-in-pad">IoTDB Website</span></a><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="vp-navbar-center"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="vp-navbar-end"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[--><!--[--><div id="docsearch-container" style="display:none;"></div><div><button type="button" class="DocSearch DocSearch-Button" aria-label="Search"><span class="DocSearch-Button-Container"><svg width="20" height="20" class="DocSearch-Search-Icon" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path d="M14.386 14.386l4.0877 4.0877-4.0877-4.0877c-2.9418 2.9419-7.7115 2.9419-10.6533 0-2.9419-2.9418-2.9419-7.7115 0-10.6533 2.9418-2.9419 7.7115-2.9419 10.6533 0 2.9419 2.9418 2.9419 7.7115 0 10.6533z" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg><span class="DocSearch-Button-Placeholder">Search</span></span><span class="DocSearch-Button-Keys"><kbd class="DocSearch-Button-Key"><svg width="15" height="15" class="DocSearch-Control-Key-Icon"><path d="M4.505 4.496h2M5.505 5.496v5M8.216 4.496l.055 5.993M10 7.5c.333.333.5.667.5 1v2M12.326 4.5v5.996M8.384 4.496c1.674 0 2.116 0 2.116 1.5s-.442 1.5-2.116 1.5M3.205 9.303c-.09.448-.277 1.21-1.241 1.203C1 10.5.5 9.513.5 8V7c0-1.57.5-2.5 1.464-2.494.964.006 1.134.598 1.24 1.342M12.553 10.5h1.953" stroke-width="1.2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="square"></path></svg></kbd><kbd class="DocSearch-Button-Key">K</kbd></span></button></div><!--]--><nav class="vp-nav-links"><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" class="dropdown-title" aria-label="Documentation"><span class="title"><!---->Documentation</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/UserGuide/latest/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" aria-label="v1.3.0/1/2"><!---->v1.3.0/1/2<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/UserGuide/V1.2.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" aria-label="v1.2.x"><!---->v1.2.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/UserGuide/V1.1.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" aria-label="v1.1.x"><!---->v1.1.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" aria-label="v1.0.x"><!---->v1.0.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/UserGuide/V0.13.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" aria-label="v0.13.x"><!---->v0.13.x<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/IOTDB/System+Design" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Design" class="nav-link"><!---->Design<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Download/" aria-label="Download"><!---->Download<!----></a></div><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" class="dropdown-title" aria-label="Community"><span class="title"><!---->Community</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/About-the-Community.html" aria-label="About the Community"><!---->About the Community<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/Development-Guide.html" aria-label="Development Guide"><!---->Development Guide<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/Community-Partners.html" aria-label="Community Partners"><!---->Community Partners<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/Communication-Channels.html" aria-label="Communication Channels"><!---->Communication Channels<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/Events-and-Reports.html" aria-label="Events and Reports"><!---->Events and Reports<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/Community/Commiters.html" aria-label="Commiters"><!---->Commiters<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" class="dropdown-title" aria-label="ASF"><span class="title"><!---->ASF</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Foundation" class="nav-link"><!---->Foundation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="License" class="nav-link"><!---->License<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Security" class="nav-link"><!---->Security<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Sponsorship" class="nav-link"><!---->Sponsorship<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Thanks" class="nav-link"><!---->Thanks<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Current  Events" class="nav-link"><!---->Current  Events<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://privacy.apache.org/policies/privacy-policy-public.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Privacy" class="nav-link"><!---->Privacy<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div></nav><div class="vp-nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" class="dropdown-title" aria-label="Select language"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon i18n-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="i18n icon" style="width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M379.392 460.8 494.08 575.488l-42.496 102.4L307.2 532.48 138.24 701.44l-71.68-72.704L234.496 460.8l-45.056-45.056c-27.136-27.136-51.2-66.56-66.56-108.544h112.64c7.68 14.336 16.896 27.136 26.112 35.84l45.568 46.08 45.056-45.056C382.976 312.32 409.6 247.808 409.6 204.8H0V102.4h256V0h102.4v102.4h256v102.4H512c0 70.144-37.888 161.28-87.04 210.944L378.88 460.8zM576 870.4 512 1024H409.6l256-614.4H768l256 614.4H921.6l-64-153.6H576zM618.496 768h196.608L716.8 532.48 618.496 768z"></path></svg><!--]--><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link active" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html" aria-label="English"><!---->English<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a class="route-link nav-link" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html" aria-label="简体中文"><!---->简体中文<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="vp-nav-item hide-in-mobile"><button type="button" id="appearance-switch"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon auto-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="auto icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M512 992C246.92 992 32 777.08 32 512S246.92 32 512 32s480 214.92 480 480-214.92 480-480 480zm0-840c-198.78 0-360 161.22-360 360 0 198.84 161.22 360 360 360s360-161.16 360-360c0-198.78-161.22-360-360-360zm0 660V212c165.72 0 300 134.34 300 300 0 165.72-134.28 300-300 300z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon dark-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="dark icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M524.8 938.667h-4.267a439.893 439.893 0 0 1-313.173-134.4 446.293 446.293 0 0 1-11.093-597.334A432.213 432.213 0 0 1 366.933 90.027a42.667 42.667 0 0 1 45.227 9.386 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 10.24 42.667 358.4 358.4 0 0 0 82.773 375.893 361.387 361.387 0 0 0 376.747 82.774 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 54.187 55.04 433.493 433.493 0 0 1-99.84 154.88 438.613 438.613 0 0 1-311.467 128z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon light-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="light icon" style="display:block;"><path d="M952 552h-80a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 0 80zM801.88 280.08a41 41 0 0 1-57.96-57.96l57.96-58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58 58l-58 57.96zM512 752a240 240 0 1 1 0-480 240 240 0 0 1 0 480zm0-560a40 40 0 0 1-40-40V72a40 40 0 0 1 80 0v80a40 40 0 0 1-40 40zm-289.88 88.08-58-57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58-58l57.96 58a41 41 0 0 1-57.96 57.96zM192 512a40 40 0 0 1-40 40H72a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 40 40zm30.12 231.92a41 41 0 0 1 57.96 57.96l-57.96 58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58-58l58-57.96zM512 832a40 40 0 0 1 40 40v80a40 40 0 0 1-80 0v-80a40 40 0 0 1 40-40zm289.88-88.08 58 57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58 58l-57.96-58a41 41 0 0 1 57.96-57.96z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="vp-nav-item vp-action"><a class="vp-action-link" href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon github-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="github icon" style="width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M511.957 21.333C241.024 21.333 21.333 240.981 21.333 512c0 216.832 140.544 400.725 335.574 465.664 24.49 4.395 32.256-10.07 32.256-23.083 0-11.69.256-44.245 0-85.205-136.448 29.61-164.736-64.64-164.736-64.64-22.315-56.704-54.4-71.765-54.4-71.765-44.587-30.464 3.285-29.824 3.285-29.824 49.195 3.413 75.179 50.517 75.179 50.517 43.776 75.008 114.816 53.333 142.762 40.79 4.523-31.66 17.152-53.377 31.19-65.537-108.971-12.458-223.488-54.485-223.488-242.602 0-53.547 19.114-97.323 50.517-131.67-5.035-12.33-21.93-62.293 4.779-129.834 0 0 41.258-13.184 134.912 50.346a469.803 469.803 0 0 1 122.88-16.554c41.642.213 83.626 5.632 122.88 16.554 93.653-63.488 134.784-50.346 134.784-50.346 26.752 67.541 9.898 117.504 4.864 129.834 31.402 34.347 50.474 78.123 50.474 131.67 0 188.586-114.73 230.016-224.042 242.09 17.578 15.232 33.578 44.672 33.578 90.454v135.85c0 13.142 7.936 27.606 32.854 22.87C862.25 912.597 1002.667 728.747 1002.667 512c0-271.019-219.648-490.667-490.71-490.667z"></path></svg></a></div><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><button type="button" class="vp-toggle-navbar-button" aria-label="Toggle Navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="nav-screen"><span><span class="vp-top"></span><span class="vp-middle"></span><span class="vp-bottom"></span></span></button></div></header><!----><!--]--><!----><div class="toggle-sidebar-wrapper"><span class="arrow start"></span></div><aside id="sidebar" class="vp-sidebar"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><ul class="vp-sidebar-links"><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><p class="vp-sidebar-header"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">IoTDB User Guide (V1.0.x)</span><!----></p><ul class="vp-sidebar-links"></ul></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">About IoTDB</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Quick Start</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Data Concept</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Syntax Conventions</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable active" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">API</span><span class="vp-arrow down"></span></button><ul class="vp-sidebar-links"><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Java-Native-API.html" aria-label="Java Native API"><!---->Java Native API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link active vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page active" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html" aria-label="Python Native API"><!---->Python Native API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Cpp-Native-API.html" aria-label="C++ Native API"><!---->C++ Native API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Go-Native-API.html" aria-label="Go Native API"><!---->Go Native API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-JDBC.html" aria-label="JDBC (Not Recommend)"><!---->JDBC (Not Recommend)<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-MQTT.html" aria-label="MQTT"><!---->MQTT<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/RestService.html" aria-label="REST API"><!---->REST API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-TsFile-API.html" aria-label="TsFile API"><!---->TsFile API<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/InfluxDB-Protocol.html" aria-label="InfluxDB Protocol"><!---->InfluxDB Protocol<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link nav-link vp-sidebar-link vp-sidebar-page" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Interface-Comparison.html" aria-label="Interface Comparison"><!---->Interface Comparison<!----></a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Operate Metadata</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Write Data (Update Data)</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Delete Data</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Query Data</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Operators and Functions</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Trigger</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Monitor and Alert</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Administration Management</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Maintenance Tools</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Collaboration of Edge and Cloud</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Ecosystem Integration</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Cluster</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">FAQ</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Reference</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main id="main-content" class="vp-page"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!----><nav class="vp-breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="vp-page-title"><h1><!----></h1><div class="page-info"><!----><!----><span class="page-date-info" aria-label="Writing Date"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon calendar-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="calendar icon"><path d="M716.4 110.137c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.472-33.473-18.753 0-33.473 14.72-33.473 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm-334.87 0c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.473-33.473s-33.52 14.72-33.52 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm468.81 33.52H716.4v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H381.53v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.473 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H180.6A134.314 134.314 0 0046.66 277.595v535.756A134.314 134.314 0 00180.6 947.289h669.74a134.36 134.36 0 00133.94-133.938V277.595a134.314 134.314 0 00-133.94-133.938zm33.473 267.877H147.126a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473c0-18.752 14.72-33.473 33.473-33.473h736.687c18.752 0 33.472 14.72 33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.472 33.473z"></path></svg><span><!----></span><meta property="datePublished" content="2023-07-10T03:11:17.000Z"></span><span class="page-pageview-info" aria-label="Page views"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon eye-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="eye icon"><path d="M992 512.096c0-5.76-.992-10.592-1.28-11.136-.192-2.88-1.152-8.064-2.08-10.816-.256-.672-.544-1.376-.832-2.08-.48-1.568-1.024-3.104-1.6-4.32C897.664 290.112 707.104 160 512 160c-195.072 0-385.632 130.016-473.76 322.592-1.056 2.112-1.792 4.096-2.272 5.856a55.512 55.512 0 00-.64 1.6c-1.76 5.088-1.792 8.64-1.632 7.744-.832 3.744-1.568 11.168-1.568 11.168-.224 2.272-.224 4.032.032 6.304 0 0 .736 6.464 1.088 7.808.128 1.824.576 4.512 1.12 6.976h-.032c.448 2.08 1.12 4.096 1.984 6.08.48 1.536.992 2.976 1.472 4.032C126.432 733.856 316.992 864 512 864c195.136 0 385.696-130.048 473.216-321.696 1.376-2.496 2.24-4.832 2.848-6.912.256-.608.48-1.184.672-1.728 1.536-4.48 1.856-8.32 1.728-8.32l-.032.032c.608-3.104 1.568-7.744 1.568-13.28zM512 672c-88.224 0-160-71.776-160-160s71.776-160 160-160 160 71.776 160 160-71.776 160-160 160z"></path></svg><span id="ArtalkPV" class="vp-pageview waline-pageview-count" data-path="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html" data-page-key="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.html">...</span></span><span class="page-reading-time-info" aria-label="Reading Time"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>About 7 min</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT7M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><div class="vp-toc-placeholder"><aside id="toc"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="vp-toc-header">On This Page<button type="button" class="print-button" title="Print"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#python-native-api">Python Native API</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#how-to-use-example">How to use (Example)</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#initialization">Initialization</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#data-definition-interface-ddl-interface">Data Definition Interface (DDL Interface)</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface">Data Manipulation Interface (DML Interface)</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#iotdb-sql-interface">IoTDB-SQL Interface</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#schema-template">Schema Template</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#pandas-support">Pandas Support</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#iotdb-testcontainer">IoTDB Testcontainer</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#iotdb-dbapi">IoTDB DBAPI</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#iotdb-sqlalchemy-dialect-experimental">IoTDB SQLAlchemy Dialect (Experimental)</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#developers">Developers</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug">Compile the thrift library and Debug</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#session-client-example">Session Client &amp; Example</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#tests">Tests</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#futher-tools">Futher Tools</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#releasing">Releasing</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#preparing-your-environment">Preparing your environment</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#doing-the-release">Doing the Release</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="theme-hope-content"><h2 id="python-native-api" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#python-native-api"><span>Python Native API</span></a></h2><h3 id="requirements" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#requirements"><span>Requirements</span></a></h3><p>You have to install thrift (&gt;=0.13) before using the package.</p><h3 id="how-to-use-example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-use-example"><span>How to use (Example)</span></a></h3><p>First, download the package: <code>pip3 install apache-iotdb</code></p><p>You can get an example of using the package to read and write data at here: <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/blob/master/client-py/SessionExample.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Example<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>An example of aligned timeseries: <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/blob/master/client-py/SessionAlignedTimeseriesExample.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Aligned Timeseries Session Example<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>(you need to add <code>import iotdb</code> in the head of the file)</p><p>Or:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="initialization" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#initialization"><span>Initialization</span></a></h3><ul><li>Initialize a Session</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> fetch_size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> zone_id<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;UTC+8&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Open a session, with a parameter to specify whether to enable RPC compression</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>enable_rpc_compression<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Notice: this RPC compression status of client must comply with that of IoTDB server</p><ul><li>Close a Session</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="data-definition-interface-ddl-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#data-definition-interface-ddl-interface"><span>Data Definition Interface (DDL Interface)</span></a></h3><h4 id="database-management" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#database-management"><span>Database Management</span></a></h4><ul><li>CREATE DATABASE</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>set_storage_group<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Delete one or several databases</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_storage_group<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_storage_groups<span class="token punctuation">(</span>group_name_lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="timeseries-management" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#timeseries-management"><span>Timeseries Management</span></a></h4><ul><li>Create one or multiple timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ts_path<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    props<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> tags<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> alias<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_multi_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    ts_path_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    props_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> tags_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> attributes_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> alias_lst<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">None</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Create aligned timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_aligned_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding_lst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressor_lst
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Attention: Alias of measurements are <strong>not supported</strong> currently.</p><ul><li>Delete one or several timeseries</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_time_series<span class="token punctuation">(</span>paths_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Check whether the specific timeseries exists</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>check_time_series_exists<span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#data-manipulation-interface-dml-interface"><span>Data Manipulation Interface (DML Interface)</span></a></h3><h4 id="insert" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert"><span>Insert</span></a></h4><p>It is recommended to use insertTablet to help improve write efficiency.</p><ul><li>Insert a Tablet，which is multiple rows of a device, each row has the same measurements <ul><li><strong>Better Write Performance</strong></li><li><strong>Support null values</strong>: fill the null value with any value, and then mark the null value via BitMap (from v0.13)</li></ul></li></ul><p>We have two implementations of Tablet in Python API.</p><ul><li>Normal Tablet</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>values_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10011.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test01&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">188.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">688.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test03&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test04&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
timestamps_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
tablet_ <span class="token operator">=</span> Tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamps_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>tablet_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Numpy Tablet</li></ul><p>Comparing with Tablet, Numpy Tablet is using <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">numpy.ndarray<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> to record data.<br> With less memory footprint and time cost of serialization, the insert performance will be better.</p><p><strong>Notice</strong></p><ol><li>time and numerical value columns in Tablet is ndarray</li><li>recommended to use the specific dtypes to each ndarray, see the example below<br> (if not, the default dtypes are also ok).</li></ol><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="token keyword">as</span> np
data_types_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BOOLEAN<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FLOAT<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>DOUBLE<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>TEXT<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
np_values_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BOOLEAN<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT32<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">11111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">188.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FLOAT<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10011.1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">688.25</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6.25</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>DOUBLE<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;test01&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test03&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;test04&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
np_timestamps_ <span class="token operator">=</span> np<span class="token punctuation">.</span>array<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>INT64<span class="token punctuation">.</span>np_dtype<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
np_tablet_ <span class="token operator">=</span> NumpyTablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  <span class="token string">&quot;root.sg_test_01.d_02&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> np_values_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> np_timestamps_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablet<span class="token punctuation">(</span>np_tablet_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Tablets</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_tablets<span class="token punctuation">(</span>tablet_lst<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert a Record</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_record<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Records</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_records<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    device_ids_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> time_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_type_list_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_list_
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Insert multiple Records that belong to the same device.<br> With type info the server has no need to do type inference, which leads a better performance</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_records_of_one_device<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> time_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types_list<span class="token punctuation">,</span> values_list<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="insert-with-type-inference" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert-with-type-inference"><span>Insert with type inference</span></a></h4><p>When the data is of String type, we can use the following interface to perform type inference based on the value of the value itself. For example, if value is &quot;true&quot; , it can be automatically inferred to be a boolean type. If value is &quot;3.2&quot; , it can be automatically inferred as a flout type. Without type information, server has to do type inference, which may cost some time.</p><ul><li>Insert a Record, which contains multiple measurement value of a device at a timestamp</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>insert_str_record<span class="token punctuation">(</span>device_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timestamp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements<span class="token punctuation">,</span> string_values<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="insert-of-aligned-timeseries" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#insert-of-aligned-timeseries"><span>Insert of Aligned Timeseries</span></a></h4><p>The Insert of aligned timeseries uses interfaces like insert_aligned_XXX, and others are similar to the above interfaces:</p><ul><li>insert_aligned_record</li><li>insert_aligned_records</li><li>insert_aligned_records_of_one_device</li><li>insert_aligned_tablet</li><li>insert_aligned_tablets</li></ul><h3 id="iotdb-sql-interface" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-sql-interface"><span>IoTDB-SQL Interface</span></a></h3><ul><li>Execute query statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Execute non query statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_non_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Execute statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#schema-template"><span>Schema Template</span></a></h3><h4 id="create-schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#create-schema-template"><span>Create Schema Template</span></a></h4><p>The step for creating a schema template is as follows</p><ol><li>Create the template class</li><li>Adding child Node，InternalNode and MeasurementNode can be chose</li><li>Execute create schema template function</li></ol><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>template <span class="token operator">=</span> Template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> share_time<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

i_node_gps <span class="token operator">=</span> InternalNode<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;GPS&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> share_time<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
i_node_v <span class="token operator">=</span> InternalNode<span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;vehicle&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> share_time<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
m_node_x <span class="token operator">=</span> MeasurementNode<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;x&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSDataType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FLOAT<span class="token punctuation">,</span> TSEncoding<span class="token punctuation">.</span>RLE<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Compressor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>SNAPPY<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

i_node_gps<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_child<span class="token punctuation">(</span>m_node_x<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
i_node_v<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_child<span class="token punctuation">(</span>m_node_x<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

template<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>i_node_gps<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
template<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>i_node_v<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
template<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>m_node_x<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>create_schema_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="modify-schema-template-measurements" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#modify-schema-template-measurements"><span>Modify Schema Template measurements</span></a></h4><p>Modify measurements in a template, the template must be already created. These are functions that add or delete some measurement nodes.</p><ul><li>add node in template</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_measurements_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> measurements_path<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_types<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encodings<span class="token punctuation">,</span> compressors<span class="token punctuation">,</span> is_aligned<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>delete node in template</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>delete_node_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="set-schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#set-schema-template"><span>Set Schema Template</span></a></h4><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>set_schema_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> prefix_path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="uset-schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uset-schema-template"><span>Uset Schema Template</span></a></h4><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unset_schema_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> prefix_path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="show-schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#show-schema-template"><span>Show Schema Template</span></a></h4><ul><li>Show all schema templates</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_all_templates<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Count all measurements in templates</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>count_measurements_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Judge whether the path is measurement or not in templates, This measurement must be in the template</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>count_measurements_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Judge whether the path is exist or not in templates, This path may not belong to the template</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_path_exist_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> path<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Show nodes under in schema template</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_measurements_in_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Show the path prefix where a schema template is set</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_paths_template_set_on<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Show the path prefix where a schema template is used (i.e. the time series has been created)</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>show_paths_template_using_on<span class="token punctuation">(</span>template_name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="drop-schema-template" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#drop-schema-template"><span>Drop Schema Template</span></a></h4><p>Delete an existing schema template，dropping an already set template is not supported</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>drop_schema_template<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;template_python&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="pandas-support" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pandas-support"><span>Pandas Support</span></a></h3><p>To easily transform a query result to a <a href="https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pandas Dataframe<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br> the SessionDataSet has a method <code>.todf()</code> which consumes the dataset and transforms it to a pandas dataframe.</p><p>Example:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT * FROM root.*&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Transform to Pandas Dataset</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>todf<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment"># Now you can work with the dataframe</span>
df <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="iotdb-testcontainer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-testcontainer"><span>IoTDB Testcontainer</span></a></h3><p>The Test Support is based on the lib <code>testcontainers</code> (<a href="https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>) which you need to install in your project if you want to use the feature.</p><p>To start (and stop) an IoTDB Database in a Docker container simply do:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyTestCase</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>unittest<span class="token punctuation">.</span>TestCase<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>

    <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">test_something</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>self<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
        <span class="token keyword">with</span> IoTDBContainer<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> c<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
            session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;localhost&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> c<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_exposed_port<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">6667</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            result <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute_query_statement<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SHOW TIMESERIES&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
            session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>by default it will load the image <code>apache/iotdb:latest</code>, if you want a specific version just pass it like e.g. <code>IoTDBContainer(&quot;apache/iotdb:0.12.0&quot;)</code> to get version <code>0.12.0</code> running.</p><h3 id="iotdb-dbapi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-dbapi"><span>IoTDB DBAPI</span></a></h3><p>IoTDB DBAPI implements the Python DB API 2.0 specification (<a href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0249/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://peps.python.org/pep-0249/<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>), which defines a common<br> interface for accessing databases in Python.</p><h4 id="examples" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examples"><span>Examples</span></a></h4><ul><li>Initialization</li></ul><p>The initialized parameters are consistent with the session part (except for the sqlalchemy_mode).</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dbapi <span class="token keyword">import</span> connect

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
conn <span class="token operator">=</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">,</span>fetch_size<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>zone_id<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;UTC+8&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>sqlalchemy_mode<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cursor <span class="token operator">=</span> conn<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cursor<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>simple SQL statement execution</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT ** FROM root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> row <span class="token keyword">in</span> cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>fetchall<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>row<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>execute SQL with parameter</li></ul><p>IoTDB DBAPI supports pyformat style parameters</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT ** FROM root WHERE time &lt; %(time)s&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;time&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">&quot;2017-11-01T00:08:00.000&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> row <span class="token keyword">in</span> cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>fetchall<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>row<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>execute SQL with parameter sequences</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>seq_of_parameters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;timestamp&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;temperature&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;timestamp&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;temperature&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;timestamp&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;temperature&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;timestamp&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;temperature&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;timestamp&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;temperature&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
sql <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;insert into root.cursor(timestamp,temperature) values(%(timestamp)s,%(temperature)s)&quot;</span>
cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executemany<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sql<span class="token punctuation">,</span>seq_of_parameters<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>close the connection and cursor</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code>cursor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
conn<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="iotdb-sqlalchemy-dialect-experimental" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-sqlalchemy-dialect-experimental"><span>IoTDB SQLAlchemy Dialect (Experimental)</span></a></h3><p>The SQLAlchemy dialect of IoTDB is written to adapt to Apache Superset.<br> This part is still being improved.<br> Please do not use it in the production environment!</p><h4 id="mapping-of-the-metadata" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mapping-of-the-metadata"><span>Mapping of the metadata</span></a></h4><p>The data model used by SQLAlchemy is a relational data model, which describes the relationships between different entities through tables.<br> While the data model of IoTDB is a hierarchical data model, which organizes the data through a tree structure.<br> In order to adapt IoTDB to the dialect of SQLAlchemy, the original data model in IoTDB needs to be reorganized.<br> Converting the data model of IoTDB into the data model of SQLAlchemy.</p><p>The metadata in the IoTDB are：</p><ol><li>Database</li><li>Path</li><li>Entity</li><li>Measurement</li></ol><p>The metadata in the SQLAlchemy are：</p><ol><li>Schema</li><li>Table</li><li>Column</li></ol><p>The mapping relationship between them is：</p><table><thead><tr><th>The metadata in the SQLAlchemy</th><th>The metadata in the IoTDB</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Schema</td><td>Database</td></tr><tr><td>Table</td><td>Path ( from database to entity ) + Entity</td></tr><tr><td>Column</td><td>Measurement</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The following figure shows the relationship between the two more intuitively:</p><figure><img src="https://alioss.timecho.com/docs/img/UserGuide/API/IoTDB-SQLAlchemy/sqlalchemy-to-iotdb.png?raw=true" alt="sqlalchemy-to-iotdb" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption>sqlalchemy-to-iotdb</figcaption></figure><h4 id="data-type-mapping" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#data-type-mapping"><span>Data type mapping</span></a></h4><table><thead><tr><th>data type in IoTDB</th><th>data type in SQLAlchemy</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>BOOLEAN</td><td>Boolean</td></tr><tr><td>INT32</td><td>Integer</td></tr><tr><td>INT64</td><td>BigInteger</td></tr><tr><td>FLOAT</td><td>Float</td></tr><tr><td>DOUBLE</td><td>Float</td></tr><tr><td>TEXT</td><td>Text</td></tr><tr><td>LONG</td><td>BigInteger</td></tr></tbody></table><h4 id="example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#example"><span>Example</span></a></h4><ul><li>execute statement</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> sqlalchemy <span class="token keyword">import</span> create_engine

engine <span class="token operator">=</span> create_engine<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;iotdb://root:root@127.0.0.1:6667&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
connect <span class="token operator">=</span> engine<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
result <span class="token operator">=</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">.</span>execute<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;SELECT ** FROM root&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> row <span class="token keyword">in</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>fetchall<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>row<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>ORM (now only simple queries are supported)</li></ul><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> sqlalchemy <span class="token keyword">import</span> create_engine<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Column<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Float<span class="token punctuation">,</span> BigInteger<span class="token punctuation">,</span> MetaData
<span class="token keyword">from</span> sqlalchemy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ext<span class="token punctuation">.</span>declarative <span class="token keyword">import</span> declarative_base
<span class="token keyword">from</span> sqlalchemy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>orm <span class="token keyword">import</span> sessionmaker

metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> MetaData<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    schema<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&#39;root.factory&#39;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Base <span class="token operator">=</span> declarative_base<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token operator">=</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>


<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Device</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Base<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    __tablename__ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;room2.device1&quot;</span>
    Time <span class="token operator">=</span> Column<span class="token punctuation">(</span>BigInteger<span class="token punctuation">,</span> primary_key<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    temperature <span class="token operator">=</span> Column<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Float<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    status <span class="token operator">=</span> Column<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Float<span class="token punctuation">)</span>


engine <span class="token operator">=</span> create_engine<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;iotdb://root:root@127.0.0.1:6667&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

DbSession <span class="token operator">=</span> sessionmaker<span class="token punctuation">(</span>bind<span class="token operator">=</span>engine<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> DbSession<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

res <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Device<span class="token punctuation">.</span>status<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">filter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Device<span class="token punctuation">.</span>temperature <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token keyword">for</span> row <span class="token keyword">in</span> res<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
    <span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>row<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="developers" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#developers"><span>Developers</span></a></h2><h3 id="introduction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#introduction"><span>Introduction</span></a></h3><p>This is an example of how to connect to IoTDB with python, using the thrift rpc interfaces. Things are almost the same on Windows or Linux, but pay attention to the difference like path separator.</p><h3 id="prerequisites" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#prerequisites"><span>Prerequisites</span></a></h3><p>Python3.7 or later is preferred.</p><p>You have to install Thrift (0.11.0 or later) to compile our thrift file into python code. Below is the official tutorial of installation, eventually, you should have a thrift executable.</p><div class="language-text line-numbers-mode" data-ext="text" data-title="text"><pre class="language-text"><code>http://thrift.apache.org/docs/install/
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Before starting you need to install <code>requirements_dev.txt</code> in your python environment, e.g. by calling</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh" data-title="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>pip <span class="token function">install</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-r</span> requirements_dev.txt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compile-the-thrift-library-and-debug"><span>Compile the thrift library and Debug</span></a></h3><p>In the root of IoTDB&#39;s source code folder, run <code>mvn clean generate-sources -pl client-py -am</code>.</p><p>This will automatically delete and repopulate the folder <code>iotdb/thrift</code> with the generated thrift files.<br> This folder is ignored from git and should <strong>never be pushed to git!</strong></p><p><strong>Notice</strong> Do not upload <code>iotdb/thrift</code> to the git repo.</p><h3 id="session-client-example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#session-client-example"><span>Session Client &amp; Example</span></a></h3><p>We packed up the Thrift interface in <code>client-py/src/iotdb/Session.py</code> (similar with its Java counterpart), also provided an example file <code>client-py/src/SessionExample.py</code> of how to use the session module. please read it carefully.</p><p>Or, another simple example:</p><div class="language-python line-numbers-mode" data-ext="py" data-title="py"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Session <span class="token keyword">import</span> Session

ip <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>
port_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;6667&quot;</span>
username_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
password_ <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;root&quot;</span>
session <span class="token operator">=</span> Session<span class="token punctuation">(</span>ip<span class="token punctuation">,</span> port_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> username_<span class="token punctuation">,</span> password_<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
zone <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_time_zone<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
session<span class="token punctuation">.</span>close<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="tests" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tests"><span>Tests</span></a></h3><p>Please add your custom tests in <code>tests</code> folder.</p><p>To run all defined tests just type <code>pytest .</code> in the root folder.</p><p><strong>Notice</strong> Some tests need docker to be started on your system as a test instance is started in a docker container using <a href="https://testcontainers-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">testcontainers<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h3 id="futher-tools" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#futher-tools"><span>Futher Tools</span></a></h3><p><a href="https://pypi.org/project/black/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">black<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> and <a href="https://pypi.org/project/flake8/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">flake8<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> are installed for autoformatting and linting.<br> Both can be run by <code>black .</code> or <code>flake8 .</code> respectively.</p><h2 id="releasing" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#releasing"><span>Releasing</span></a></h2><p>To do a release just ensure that you have the right set of generated thrift files.<br> Then run linting and auto-formatting.<br> Then, ensure that all tests work (via <code>pytest .</code>).<br> Then you are good to go to do a release!</p><h3 id="preparing-your-environment" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#preparing-your-environment"><span>Preparing your environment</span></a></h3><p>First, install all necessary dev dependencies via <code>pip install -r requirements_dev.txt</code>.</p><h3 id="doing-the-release" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#doing-the-release"><span>Doing the Release</span></a></h3><p>There is a convenient script <code>release.sh</code> to do all steps for a release.<br> Namely, these are</p><ul><li>Remove all transient directories from last release (if exists)</li><li>(Re-)generate all generated sources via mvn</li><li>Run Linting (flake8)</li><li>Run Tests via pytest</li><li>Build</li><li>Release to pypi</li></ul></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Python-Native-API.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub" class="nav-link vp-meta-label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">Last update: </span><!----></div><!----></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><a class="route-link nav-link prev" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Java-Native-API.html" aria-label="Java Native API"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>Prev</div><div class="link"><!---->Java Native API</div></a><a class="route-link nav-link next" href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/API/Programming-Cpp-Native-API.html" aria-label="C++ Native API"><div class="hint">Next<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">C++ Native API<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.0</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache IoTDB, IoTDB, Apache, the Apache feather logo, and the Apache IoTDB project logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation in all countries</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div>
    <script type="module" src="/assets/app-CHHFxD1F.js" defer></script>
  </body>
</html>