Import Export Tool

For different scenarios, IoTDB provides users with a variety of operation methods for batch importing data. This chapter introduces the two most commonly used methods for importing in the form of CSV text and importing in the form of TsFile files.

TsFile Load And Export Tool

TsFile Load Tool

Introduction

The load external tsfile tool allows users to load tsfiles, delete a tsfile, or move a tsfile to target directory from the running Apache IoTDB instance. Alternatively, you can use scripts to load tsfiles into IoTDB, for more information.

Load with SQL

The user sends specified commands to the Apache IoTDB system through the Cli tool or JDBC to use the tool.

Load Tsfiles

The command to load tsfiles is load <path/dir> [sglevel=int][onSuccess=delete/none].

This command has two usages:

  1. Load a single tsfile by specifying a file path (absolute path).

The first parameter indicates the path of the tsfile to be loaded. This command has 2 options: sglevel, onSuccess.

SGLEVEL option. If the database correspond to the tsfile does not exist, the user can set the level of database through the fourth parameter. By default, it uses the database level which is set in iotdb-datanode.properties.

ONSUCCESS option. The default value is DELETE, which means the processing method of successfully loaded tsfiles, and DELETE means after the tsfile is successfully loaded, it will be deleted. NONE means after the tsfile is successfully loaded, it will be remained in the origin dir.

If the .resource file corresponding to the file exists, it will be loaded into the data directory and engine of the Apache IoTDB. Otherwise, the corresponding .resource file will be regenerated from the tsfile file.

Examples:

  • load '/Users/Desktop/data/1575028885956-101-0.tsfile'
  • load '/Users/Desktop/data/1575028885956-101-0.tsfile' sglevel=1
  • load '/Users/Desktop/data/1575028885956-101-0.tsfile' onSuccess=delete
  • load '/Users/Desktop/data/1575028885956-101-0.tsfile' sglevel=1 onSuccess=delete
  1. Load a batch of files by specifying a folder path (absolute path).

The first parameter indicates the path of the tsfile to be loaded. The options above also works for this command.

Examples:

  • load '/Users/Desktop/data'
  • load '/Users/Desktop/data' sglevel=1
  • load '/Users/Desktop/data' sglevel=1 onSuccess=delete

NOTICE: When $IOTDB_HOME$/conf/iotdb-datanode.properties has enable_auto_create_schema=true, it will automatically create metadata in TSFILE, otherwise it will not be created automatically.

Load with Script

Run rewrite-tsfile.bat if you are in a Windows environment, or rewrite-tsfile.sh if you are on Linux or Unix.

./load-tsfile.bat -f filePath [-h host] [-p port] [-u username] [-pw password] [--sgLevel int] [--onSuccess none/delete]
-f 			File/Directory to be load, required
-h 			IoTDB Host address, optional field, 127.0.0.1 by default
-p 			IoTDB port, optional field, 6667 by default
-u 			IoTDB user name, optional field, root by default
-pw 		IoTDB password, optional field, root by default
--sgLevel 	Sg level of loading Tsfile, optional field, default_storage_group_level in 				iotdb-common.properties by default
--onSuccess Delete or remain origin TsFile after loading, optional field, none by default
Example

Assuming that an IoTDB instance is running on server 192.168.0.101:6667, You want to load all TsFile files into this IoTDB instance from the path of the server where the Iotdb process is located.

First move to the folder $IOTDB_HOME/tools/, open the command line, and execute

./load-rewrite.bat -f D:\IoTDB\data -h 192.168.0.101 -p 6667 -u root -pw root

After waiting for the script execution to complete, you can check that the data in the IoTDB instance has been loaded correctly.

Q&A
  • Cannot find or load the main class
    • It may be because the environment variable $IOTDB_HOME is not set, please set the environment variable and try again
  • -f option must be set!
    • The input command is missing the -f field (file or folder path to be loaded) or the -u field (user name), please add it and re-execute
  • What if the execution crashes in the middle and you want to reload?
    • You re-execute the command just now, reloading the data will not affect the correctness after loading

TsFile can help you export the result set in the format of TsFile file to the specified path by executing the sql, command line sql, and sql file.

TsFile Export Tool

Syntax

# Unix/OS X
> tools/export-tsfile.sh  -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -td <directory> [-f <export filename> -q <query command> -s <sql file>]

# Windows
> tools\export-tsfile.bat -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -td <directory> [-f <export filename> -q <query command> -s <sql file>]
  • -h <host>:
    • The host address of the IoTDB service.
  • -p <port>:
    • The port number of the IoTDB service.
  • -u <username>:
    • The username of the IoTDB service.
  • -pw <password>:
    • Password for IoTDB service.
  • -td <directory>:
    • Specify the output path for the exported TsFile file.
  • -f <tsfile name>:
    • For the file name of the exported TsFile file, just write the file name, and cannot include the file path and suffix. If the sql file or console input contains multiple sqls, multiple files will be generated in the order of sql.
    • Example: There are three SQLs in the file or command line, and -f param is “dump”, then three TsFile files: dump0.tsfile、dump1.tsfile、dump2.tsfile will be generated in the target path.
  • -q <query command>:
    • Directly specify the query statement you want to execute in the command.
    • Example: select * from root.** limit 100
  • -s <sql file>:
    • Specify a SQL file that contains one or more SQL statements. If an SQL file contains multiple SQL statements, the SQL statements should be separated by newlines. Each SQL statement corresponds to an output TsFile file.
  • -t <timeout>:
    • Specifies the timeout period for session queries, in milliseconds

In addition, if you do not use the -s and -q parameters, after the export script is started, you need to enter the query statement as prompted by the program, and different query results will be saved to different TsFile files.

Example

# Unix/OS X
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./
# or
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -q "select * from root.**"
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt -f myTsFile
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt -f myTsFile -t 10000

# Windows
> tools/export-tsfile.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -q "select * from root.**"
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt -f myTsFile
# Or
> tools/export-tsfile.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s ./sql.txt -f myTsFile -t 10000

Q&A

  • It is recommended not to execute the write data command at the same time when loading data, which may lead to insufficient memory in the JVM.

CSV Tool

The CSV tool can help you import data in CSV format to IoTDB or export data from IoTDB to a CSV file.

Usage of export-csv.sh

Syntax

# Unix/OS X
> tools/export-csv.sh  -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -td <directory> [-tf <time-format> -datatype <true/false> -q <query command> -s <sql file> -linesPerFile <int>]

# Windows
> tools\export-csv.bat -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -td <directory> [-tf <time-format> -datatype <true/false> -q <query command> -s <sql file> -linesPerFile <int>]

Description:

  • -datatype:
    • true (by default): print the data type of timesries in the head line of CSV file. i.e., Time, root.sg1.d1.s1(INT32), root.sg1.d1.s2(INT64).
    • false: only print the timeseries name in the head line of the CSV file. i.e., Time, root.sg1.d1.s1 , root.sg1.d1.s2
  • -q <query command>:
    • specifying a query command that you want to execute
    • example: select * from root.** limit 100, or select * from root.** limit 100 align by device
  • -s <sql file>:
    • specifying a SQL file which can consist of more than one sql. If there are multiple SQLs in one SQL file, the SQLs should be separated by line breaks. And, for each SQL, a output CSV file will be generated.
  • -td <directory>:
    • specifying the directory that the data will be exported
  • -tf <time-format>:
    • specifying a time format that you want. The time format have to obey ISO 8601 standard. If you want to save the time as the timestamp, then setting -tf timestamp
    • example: -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss or -tf timestamp
  • -linesPerFile <int>:
    • Specifying lines of each dump file, 10000 is default.
    • example: -linesPerFile 1
  • -t <timeout>:
    • Specifies the timeout period for session queries, in milliseconds

More, if you don't use one of -s and -q, you need to enter some queries after running the export script. The results of the different query will be saved to different CSV files.

Example

# Unix/OS X
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss
# or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -q "select * from root.** align by device"
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt -linesPerFile 10
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt -linesPerFile 10 -t 10000

# Windows
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./
# Or
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss
# or
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -q "select * from root.** align by device"
# Or
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -s sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt
# Or
> tools/export-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt -linesPerFile 10
# Or
> tools/export-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -td ./ -tf yyyy-MM-dd\ HH:mm:ss -s sql.txt -linesPerFile 10 -t 10000

Sample SQL file

select * from root.**;
select * from root.** align by device;

The result of select * from root.**

Time,root.ln.wf04.wt04.status(BOOLEAN),root.ln.wf03.wt03.hardware(TEXT),root.ln.wf02.wt02.status(BOOLEAN),root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware(TEXT),root.ln.wf01.wt01.hardware(TEXT),root.ln.wf01.wt01.status(BOOLEAN)
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,true,"v1",true,"v1",v1,true
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,true,"v1",,,,true

The result of select * from root.** align by device

Time,Device,hardware(TEXT),status(BOOLEAN)
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.ln.wf01.wt01,"v1",true
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,root.ln.wf01.wt01,,true
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.ln.wf02.wt02,"v1",true
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.ln.wf03.wt03,"v1",
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,root.ln.wf03.wt03,"v1",
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.ln.wf04.wt04,,true
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,root.ln.wf04.wt04,,true

The data of boolean type signed by true and false without double quotes. And the text data will be enclosed in double quotes.

Note

Note that if fields exported by the export tool have the following special characters:

  1. ,: the field will be escaped by \.

Usage of import-csv.sh

Create Metadata (optional)

CREATE DATABASE root.fit.d1;
CREATE DATABASE root.fit.d2;
CREATE DATABASE root.fit.p;
CREATE TIMESERIES root.fit.d1.s1 WITH DATATYPE=INT32,ENCODING=RLE;
CREATE TIMESERIES root.fit.d1.s2 WITH DATATYPE=TEXT,ENCODING=PLAIN;
CREATE TIMESERIES root.fit.d2.s1 WITH DATATYPE=INT32,ENCODING=RLE;
CREATE TIMESERIES root.fit.d2.s3 WITH DATATYPE=INT32,ENCODING=RLE;
CREATE TIMESERIES root.fit.p.s1 WITH DATATYPE=INT32,ENCODING=RLE;

IoTDB has the ability of type inference, so it is not necessary to create metadata before data import. However, we still recommend creating metadata before importing data using the CSV import tool, as this can avoid unnecessary type conversion errors.

Sample CSV File to Be Imported

The data aligned by time, and headers without data type.

Time,root.test.t1.str,root.test.t2.str,root.test.t2.int
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,"123hello world","123\,abc",100
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,"123",,

The data aligned by time, and headers with data type.（Text type data supports double quotation marks and no double quotation marks）

Time,root.test.t1.str(TEXT),root.test.t2.str(TEXT),root.test.t2.int(INT32)
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,"123hello world","123\,abc",100
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,123,hello world,123
1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00,"123",,
1970-01-01T08:00:00.004+08:00,123,,12

The data aligned by device, and headers without data type.

Time,Device,str,int
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.test.t1,"123hello world",
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,root.test.t1,"123",
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.test.t2,"123\,abc",100

The data aligned by device, and headers with data type.(Text type data supports double quotation marks and no double quotation marks)

Time,Device,str(TEXT),int(INT32)
1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00,root.test.t1,"123hello world",
1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00,root.test.t1,hello world,123
1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00,root.test.t1,,123

Syntax

# Unix/OS X
> tools/import-csv.sh -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -f <xxx.csv> [-fd <./failedDirectory>] [-aligned <true>] [-tp <ms/ns/us>] [-typeInfer <boolean=text,float=double...>]
# Windows
> tools\import-csv.bat -h <ip> -p <port> -u <username> -pw <password> -f <xxx.csv> [-fd <./failedDirectory>] [-aligned <true>] [-tp <ms/ns/us>] [-typeInfer <boolean=text,float=double...>]

Description:

  • -f:

    • the CSV file that you want to import, and it could be a file or a folder. If a folder is specified, all TXT and CSV files in the folder will be imported in batches.
    • example: -f filename.csv

  • -fd:

    • specifying a directory to save files which save failed lines. If you don't use this parameter, the failed file will be saved at original directory, and the filename will be the source filename with suffix .failed.
    • example: -fd ./failed/

  • -aligned:

    • whether to use the aligned interface? The option false is default.
    • example: -aligned true

  • -batch:

    • specifying the point's number of a batch. If the program throw the exception org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: Frame size larger than protect max size, you can lower this parameter as appropriate.
    • example: -batch 100000, 100000 is the default value.

  • -tp <time-precision>:

    • specifying a time precision. Options includes ms(millisecond), ns(nanosecond), and us(microsecond), ms is default.

  • -typeInfer <srcTsDataType1=dstTsDataType1,srcTsDataType2=dstTsDataType2,...>:

    • specifying rules of type inference.
    • Option srcTsDataType includes boolean,int,long,float,double,NaN.
    • Option dstTsDataType includes boolean,int,long,float,double,text.
    • When srcTsDataType is boolean, dstTsDataType should be between boolean and text.
    • When srcTsDataType is NaN, dstTsDataType should be among float, double and text.
    • When srcTsDataType is Numeric type, dstTsDataType precision should be greater than srcTsDataType.
    • example: -typeInfer boolean=text,float=double

  • -linesPerFailedFile <int>:

    • Specifying lines of each failed file, 10000 is default.
    • example: -linesPerFailedFile 1

Example

# Unix/OS X
> tools/import-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd ./failed
# or
> tools/import-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd ./failed
# or
> tools\import-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd ./failed -tp ns
# or
> tools\import-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd ./failed -tp ns -typeInfer boolean=text,float=double
# or
> tools\import-csv.sh -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd ./failed -tp ns -typeInfer boolean=text,float=double -linesPerFailedFile 10

# Windows
> tools\import-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv
# or
> tools\import-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd .\failed
# or
> tools\import-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd .\failed -tp ns
# or
> tools\import-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd .\failed -tp ns -typeInfer boolean=text,float=double
# or
> tools\import-csv.bat -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6667 -u root -pw root -f example-filename.csv -fd .\failed -tp ns -typeInfer boolean=text,float=double -linesPerFailedFile 10

Note

Note that the following special characters in fields need to be checked before importing:

  1. , : fields containing , should be escaped by \.
  2. you can input time format like yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss, yyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss, or yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ.
  3. the Time column must be the first one.