/*
 *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Harri Porten (porten@kde.org)
 *  Copyright (C) 2001 Peter Kelly (pmk@post.com)
 *  Copyright (C) 2003-2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 *  version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */

#pragma once

#include "AllocatorAttributes.h"
#include "DestructionMode.h"
#include "FreeList.h"
#include "HeapCell.h"
#include "IterationStatus.h"
#include "WeakSet.h"
#include <wtf/Atomics.h>
#include <wtf/Bitmap.h>
#include <wtf/DataLog.h>
#include <wtf/DoublyLinkedList.h>
#include <wtf/HashFunctions.h>
#include <wtf/StdLibExtras.h>

namespace JSC {
    
class Heap;
class JSCell;
class MarkedAllocator;
class MarkedSpace;
class SlotVisitor;
class Subspace;

typedef uintptr_t Bits;
typedef uint32_t HeapVersion;

// A marked block is a page-aligned container for heap-allocated objects.
// Objects are allocated within cells of the marked block. For a given
// marked block, all cells have the same size. Objects smaller than the
// cell size may be allocated in the marked block, in which case the
// allocation suffers from internal fragmentation: wasted space whose
// size is equal to the difference between the cell size and the object
// size.

class MarkedBlock {
    WTF_MAKE_NONCOPYABLE(MarkedBlock);
    friend class LLIntOffsetsExtractor;
    friend struct VerifyMarked;

public:
    class Handle;
private:
    friend class Handle;
public:
    static const size_t atomSize = 16; // bytes
    static const size_t blockSize = 16 * KB;
    static const size_t blockMask = ~(blockSize - 1); // blockSize must be a power of two.

    static const size_t atomsPerBlock = blockSize / atomSize;

    static_assert(!(MarkedBlock::atomSize & (MarkedBlock::atomSize - 1)), "MarkedBlock::atomSize must be a power of two.");
    static_assert(!(MarkedBlock::blockSize & (MarkedBlock::blockSize - 1)), "MarkedBlock::blockSize must be a power of two.");
    
    struct VoidFunctor {
        typedef void ReturnType;
        void returnValue() { }
    };
    
    class CountFunctor {
    public:
        typedef size_t ReturnType;

        CountFunctor() : m_count(0) { }
        void count(size_t count) const { m_count += count; }
        ReturnType returnValue() const { return m_count; }

    private:
        // FIXME: This is mutable because we're using a functor rather than C++ lambdas.
        // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=159644
        mutable ReturnType m_count;
    };
        
    class Handle {
        WTF_MAKE_NONCOPYABLE(Handle);
        WTF_MAKE_FAST_ALLOCATED;
        friend class LLIntOffsetsExtractor;
        friend class MarkedBlock;
        friend struct VerifyMarked;
    public:
            
        ~Handle();
            
        MarkedBlock& block();
            
        void* cellAlign(void*);
            
        bool isEmpty();

        void lastChanceToFinalize();

        MarkedAllocator* allocator() const;
        Subspace* subspace() const;
        Heap* heap() const;
        inline MarkedSpace* space() const;
        VM* vm() const;
        WeakSet& weakSet();
            
        // Sweeping ensures that destructors get called and removes the block from the unswept
        // set. Sweeping to free list also removes the block from the empty set, if it was in that
        // set. Sweeping with SweepOnly may add this block to the empty set, if the block is found
        // to be empty.
        //
        // Note that you need to make sure that the empty bit reflects reality. If it's not set
        // and the block is freshly created, then we'll make the mistake of running destructors in
        // the block. If it's not set and the block has nothing marked, then we'll make the
        // mistake of making a pop freelist rather than a bump freelist.
        enum SweepMode { SweepOnly, SweepToFreeList };
        FreeList sweep(SweepMode = SweepOnly);
        
        // This is to be called by Subspace.
        template<typename DestroyFunc>
        FreeList finishSweepKnowingSubspace(SweepMode, const DestroyFunc&);
        
        void unsweepWithNoNewlyAllocated();
        
        void zap(const FreeList&);
        
        void shrink();
            
        void visitWeakSet(SlotVisitor&);
        void reapWeakSet();
            
        // While allocating from a free list, MarkedBlock temporarily has bogus
        // cell liveness data. To restore accurate cell liveness data, call one
        // of these functions:
        void didConsumeFreeList(); // Call this once you've allocated all the items in the free list.
        void stopAllocating(const FreeList&);
        FreeList resumeAllocating(); // Call this if you canonicalized a block for some non-collection related purpose.
            
        size_t cellSize();
        inline unsigned cellsPerBlock();
        
        const AllocatorAttributes& attributes() const;
        DestructionMode destruction() const;
        bool needsDestruction() const;
        HeapCell::Kind cellKind() const;
            
        size_t markCount();
        size_t size();
        
        inline bool isLive(HeapVersion markingVersion, bool isMarking, const HeapCell*);
        inline bool isLiveCell(HeapVersion markingVersion, bool isMarking, const void*);

        bool isLive(const HeapCell*);
        bool isLiveCell(const void*);

        bool isNewlyAllocated(const void*);
        void setNewlyAllocated(const void*);
        void clearNewlyAllocated(const void*);
        
        HeapVersion newlyAllocatedVersion() const { return m_newlyAllocatedVersion; }
        
        inline bool isNewlyAllocatedStale() const;
        
        inline bool hasAnyNewlyAllocated();
        void resetAllocated();
        
        template <typename Functor> IterationStatus forEachCell(const Functor&);
        template <typename Functor> inline IterationStatus forEachLiveCell(const Functor&);
        template <typename Functor> inline IterationStatus forEachDeadCell(const Functor&);
        template <typename Functor> inline IterationStatus forEachMarkedCell(const Functor&);
            
        JS_EXPORT_PRIVATE bool areMarksStale();
        
        void assertMarksNotStale();
            
        bool isFreeListed() const { return m_isFreeListed; }
        
        size_t index() const { return m_index; }
        
        void removeFromAllocator();
        
        void didAddToAllocator(MarkedAllocator*, size_t index);
        void didRemoveFromAllocator();
        
        void dumpState(PrintStream&);
        
    private:
        Handle(Heap&, void*);
        
        enum SweepDestructionMode { BlockHasNoDestructors, BlockHasDestructors, BlockHasDestructorsAndCollectorIsRunning };
        enum ScribbleMode { DontScribble, Scribble };
        enum EmptyMode { IsEmpty, NotEmpty };
        enum NewlyAllocatedMode { HasNewlyAllocated, DoesNotHaveNewlyAllocated };
        enum MarksMode { MarksStale, MarksNotStale };
        
        SweepDestructionMode sweepDestructionMode();
        EmptyMode emptyMode();
        ScribbleMode scribbleMode();
        NewlyAllocatedMode newlyAllocatedMode();
        MarksMode marksMode();
        
        template<bool, EmptyMode, SweepMode, SweepDestructionMode, ScribbleMode, NewlyAllocatedMode, MarksMode, typename DestroyFunc>
        FreeList specializedSweep(EmptyMode, SweepMode, SweepDestructionMode, ScribbleMode, NewlyAllocatedMode, MarksMode, const DestroyFunc&);
        
        template<typename Func>
        void forEachFreeCell(const FreeList&, const Func&);
        
        void setIsFreeListed();
        
        MarkedBlock::Handle* m_prev;
        MarkedBlock::Handle* m_next;
            
        size_t m_atomsPerCell { std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() };
        size_t m_endAtom { std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() }; // This is a fuzzy end. Always test for < m_endAtom.
            
        WTF::Bitmap<atomsPerBlock> m_newlyAllocated;
            
        AllocatorAttributes m_attributes;
        bool m_isFreeListed { false };
            
        MarkedAllocator* m_allocator { nullptr };
        size_t m_index { std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() };
        WeakSet m_weakSet;
        
        HeapVersion m_newlyAllocatedVersion;
            
        MarkedBlock* m_block { nullptr };
    };
        
    static MarkedBlock::Handle* tryCreate(Heap&);
        
    Handle& handle();
        
    VM* vm() const;
    inline Heap* heap() const;
    inline MarkedSpace* space() const;

    static bool isAtomAligned(const void*);
    static MarkedBlock* blockFor(const void*);
    static size_t firstAtom();
    size_t atomNumber(const void*);
        
    size_t markCount();

    bool isMarked(const void*);
    bool isMarked(HeapVersion markingVersion, const void*);
    bool isMarkedConcurrently(HeapVersion markingVersion, const void*);
    bool isMarked(const void*, Dependency);
    bool testAndSetMarked(const void*, Dependency, TransactionAbortLikelihood = TransactionAbortLikelihood::Likely);
        
    bool isAtom(const void*);
    void clearMarked(const void*);
    
    size_t cellSize();
    const AllocatorAttributes& attributes() const;
    
    bool hasAnyMarked() const;
    void noteMarked();
#if ASSERT_DISABLED
    void assertValidCell(VM&, HeapCell*) const { }
#else
    void assertValidCell(VM&, HeapCell*) const;
#endif
        
    WeakSet& weakSet();

    JS_EXPORT_PRIVATE bool areMarksStale();
    bool areMarksStale(HeapVersion markingVersion);
    DependencyWith<bool> areMarksStaleWithDependency(HeapVersion markingVersion);
    
    Dependency aboutToMark(HeapVersion markingVersion);
        
#if ASSERT_DISABLED
    void assertMarksNotStale() { }
#else
    JS_EXPORT_PRIVATE void assertMarksNotStale();
#endif
        
    bool needsDestruction() const { return m_needsDestruction; }
    
    // This is usually a no-op, and we use it as a no-op that touches the page in isPagedOut().
    void updateNeedsDestruction();
    
    void resetMarks();
    
    bool isMarkedRaw(const void* p);
    HeapVersion markingVersion() const { return m_markingVersion; }
    
private:
    static const size_t atomAlignmentMask = atomSize - 1;

    typedef char Atom[atomSize];

    MarkedBlock(VM&, Handle&);
    Atom* atoms();
        
    JS_EXPORT_PRIVATE void aboutToMarkSlow(HeapVersion markingVersion);
    void clearHasAnyMarked();
    
    void noteMarkedSlow();
    
    inline bool marksConveyLivenessDuringMarking(HeapVersion markingVersion);
        
    WTF::Bitmap<atomsPerBlock> m_marks;

    bool m_needsDestruction;
    Lock m_lock;
    
    // The actual mark count can be computed by doing: m_biasedMarkCount - m_markCountBias. Note
    // that this count is racy. It will accurately detect whether or not exactly zero things were
    // marked, but if N things got marked, then this may report anything in the range [1, N] (or
    // before unbiased, it would be [1 + m_markCountBias, N + m_markCountBias].)
    int16_t m_biasedMarkCount;
    
    // We bias the mark count so that if m_biasedMarkCount >= 0 then the block should be retired.
    // We go to all this trouble to make marking a bit faster: this way, marking knows when to
    // retire a block using a js/jns on m_biasedMarkCount.
    //
    // For example, if a block has room for 100 objects and retirement happens whenever 90% are
    // live, then m_markCountBias will be -90. This way, when marking begins, this will cause us to
    // set m_biasedMarkCount to -90 as well, since:
    //
    //     m_biasedMarkCount = actualMarkCount + m_markCountBias.
    //
    // Marking an object will increment m_biasedMarkCount. Once 90 objects get marked, we will have
    // m_biasedMarkCount = 0, which will trigger retirement. In other words, we want to set
    // m_markCountBias like so:
    //
    //     m_markCountBias = -(minMarkedBlockUtilization * cellsPerBlock)
    //
    // All of this also means that you can detect if any objects are marked by doing:
    //
    //     m_biasedMarkCount != m_markCountBias
    int16_t m_markCountBias;

    HeapVersion m_markingVersion;
    
    Handle& m_handle;
    VM* m_vm;
};

inline MarkedBlock::Handle& MarkedBlock::handle()
{
    return m_handle;
}

inline MarkedBlock& MarkedBlock::Handle::block()
{
    return *m_block;
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::firstAtom()
{
    return WTF::roundUpToMultipleOf<atomSize>(sizeof(MarkedBlock)) / atomSize;
}

inline MarkedBlock::Atom* MarkedBlock::atoms()
{
    return reinterpret_cast<Atom*>(this);
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isAtomAligned(const void* p)
{
    return !(reinterpret_cast<Bits>(p) & atomAlignmentMask);
}

inline void* MarkedBlock::Handle::cellAlign(void* p)
{
    Bits base = reinterpret_cast<Bits>(block().atoms() + firstAtom());
    Bits bits = reinterpret_cast<Bits>(p);
    bits -= base;
    bits -= bits % cellSize();
    bits += base;
    return reinterpret_cast<void*>(bits);
}

inline MarkedBlock* MarkedBlock::blockFor(const void* p)
{
    return reinterpret_cast<MarkedBlock*>(reinterpret_cast<Bits>(p) & blockMask);
}

inline MarkedAllocator* MarkedBlock::Handle::allocator() const
{
    return m_allocator;
}

inline Heap* MarkedBlock::Handle::heap() const
{
    return m_weakSet.heap();
}

inline VM* MarkedBlock::Handle::vm() const
{
    return m_weakSet.vm();
}

inline VM* MarkedBlock::vm() const
{
    return m_vm;
}

inline WeakSet& MarkedBlock::Handle::weakSet()
{
    return m_weakSet;
}

inline WeakSet& MarkedBlock::weakSet()
{
    return m_handle.weakSet();
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::shrink()
{
    m_weakSet.shrink();
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::visitWeakSet(SlotVisitor& visitor)
{
    return m_weakSet.visit(visitor);
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::reapWeakSet()
{
    m_weakSet.reap();
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::Handle::cellSize()
{
    return m_atomsPerCell * atomSize;
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::cellSize()
{
    return m_handle.cellSize();
}

inline const AllocatorAttributes& MarkedBlock::Handle::attributes() const
{
    return m_attributes;
}

inline const AllocatorAttributes& MarkedBlock::attributes() const
{
    return m_handle.attributes();
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::Handle::needsDestruction() const
{
    return m_attributes.destruction == NeedsDestruction;
}

inline DestructionMode MarkedBlock::Handle::destruction() const
{
    return m_attributes.destruction;
}

inline HeapCell::Kind MarkedBlock::Handle::cellKind() const
{
    return m_attributes.cellKind;
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::Handle::markCount()
{
    return m_block->markCount();
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::Handle::size()
{
    return markCount() * cellSize();
}

inline size_t MarkedBlock::atomNumber(const void* p)
{
    return (reinterpret_cast<Bits>(p) - reinterpret_cast<Bits>(this)) / atomSize;
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::areMarksStale(HeapVersion markingVersion)
{
    return markingVersion != m_markingVersion;
}

ALWAYS_INLINE DependencyWith<bool> MarkedBlock::areMarksStaleWithDependency(HeapVersion markingVersion)
{
    HeapVersion version = m_markingVersion;
    return dependencyWith(dependency(version), version != markingVersion);
}

inline Dependency MarkedBlock::aboutToMark(HeapVersion markingVersion)
{
    auto result = areMarksStaleWithDependency(markingVersion);
    if (UNLIKELY(result.value))
        aboutToMarkSlow(markingVersion);
    return result.dependency;
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::assertMarksNotStale()
{
    block().assertMarksNotStale();
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isMarkedRaw(const void* p)
{
    return m_marks.get(atomNumber(p));
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isMarked(HeapVersion markingVersion, const void* p)
{
    return areMarksStale(markingVersion) ? false : isMarkedRaw(p);
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isMarkedConcurrently(HeapVersion markingVersion, const void* p)
{
    auto result = areMarksStaleWithDependency(markingVersion);
    if (result.value)
        return false;
    return m_marks.get(atomNumber(p), result.dependency);
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isMarked(const void* p, Dependency dependency)
{
    assertMarksNotStale();
    return m_marks.get(atomNumber(p), dependency);
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::testAndSetMarked(const void* p, Dependency dependency, TransactionAbortLikelihood abortLikelihood)
{
    assertMarksNotStale();
    return m_marks.concurrentTestAndSet(atomNumber(p), dependency, abortLikelihood);
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::Handle::isNewlyAllocated(const void* p)
{
    return m_newlyAllocated.get(m_block->atomNumber(p));
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::setNewlyAllocated(const void* p)
{
    m_newlyAllocated.set(m_block->atomNumber(p));
}

inline void MarkedBlock::Handle::clearNewlyAllocated(const void* p)
{
    m_newlyAllocated.clear(m_block->atomNumber(p));
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::isAtom(const void* p)
{
    ASSERT(MarkedBlock::isAtomAligned(p));
    size_t atomNumber = this->atomNumber(p);
    size_t firstAtom = MarkedBlock::firstAtom();
    if (atomNumber < firstAtom) // Filters pointers into MarkedBlock metadata.
        return false;
    if ((atomNumber - firstAtom) % m_handle.m_atomsPerCell) // Filters pointers into cell middles.
        return false;
    if (atomNumber >= m_handle.m_endAtom) // Filters pointers into invalid cells out of the range.
        return false;
    return true;
}

template <typename Functor>
inline IterationStatus MarkedBlock::Handle::forEachCell(const Functor& functor)
{
    HeapCell::Kind kind = m_attributes.cellKind;
    for (size_t i = firstAtom(); i < m_endAtom; i += m_atomsPerCell) {
        HeapCell* cell = reinterpret_cast_ptr<HeapCell*>(&m_block->atoms()[i]);
        if (functor(cell, kind) == IterationStatus::Done)
            return IterationStatus::Done;
    }
    return IterationStatus::Continue;
}

inline bool MarkedBlock::hasAnyMarked() const
{
    return m_biasedMarkCount != m_markCountBias;
}

inline void MarkedBlock::noteMarked()
{
    // This is racy by design. We don't want to pay the price of an atomic increment!
    int16_t biasedMarkCount = m_biasedMarkCount;
    ++biasedMarkCount;
    m_biasedMarkCount = biasedMarkCount;
    if (UNLIKELY(!biasedMarkCount))
        noteMarkedSlow();
}

} // namespace JSC

namespace WTF {

struct MarkedBlockHash : PtrHash<JSC::MarkedBlock*> {
    static unsigned hash(JSC::MarkedBlock* const& key)
    {
        // Aligned VM regions tend to be monotonically increasing integers,
        // which is a great hash function, but we have to remove the low bits,
        // since they're always zero, which is a terrible hash function!
        return reinterpret_cast<JSC::Bits>(key) / JSC::MarkedBlock::blockSize;
    }
};

template<> struct DefaultHash<JSC::MarkedBlock*> {
    typedef MarkedBlockHash Hash;
};

void printInternal(PrintStream& out, JSC::MarkedBlock::Handle::SweepMode);

} // namespace WTF