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layout: tutorial title: Unsigned Integers operations description: Unsigned Integers operations group: nav-right categories: [“units”, “bigints”] previous: creating-uints.md next: own-uints-class.md

Uints are immutable, so all operations create a new object as the result of the operation.

Arithmetic operations

Adding and subtracting

• add(other)
• substract(other)

Since these are bound integers, they will overflow and underflow if the operation returns a value outside the boundaries - for a Uint256, 0 to 2^256.

For this reason, the API also contains exact methods that throw exceptions if the operations overflows or underflows.

• addExact(other)
• subtractExact(other)

Multiplying and dividing

• multiply(other)
• divide(other)

Additionally, the method divideCeil(other) divides integers but returns the ceiling of the rounding.

{%highlight java%} UInt256 result = UInt256.valueOf(12L).divide(UInt256.valueOf(5L)); // returns 2 UInt256 resultCeiling = UInt256.valueOf(12L).divideCeil(UInt256.valueOf(5L)); // returns 3 {%endhighlight%}

Modulus

You can use the method mod(divisor) to get the modulus of the value by the divisor.

The method mod0 is more forgiving - if you divide by zero, it will return zero instead of throwing an exception.

Power

The method pow(exponent) returns a value that is `value^exponent mod 2^256.

Boolean operations

You can use the following methods to perform boolean operations:

• not(): bit-wise NOT of this value.
• and(other): bit-wise AND of this value and the supplied value.
• or(other): bit-wise OR of this value and the supplied value.
• xor(other): bit-wise XOR of this value and the supplied value.

Shifting bytes

You can shift right and left the bits of the underlying bytes object by a given distance.

This is equivalent to the <<< or >>> operators in Java.