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// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License..

//! The ChaCha random number generator.

use std::num::Wrapping as w;
use crate::{Rng, SeedableRng, Rand, w32};

const KEY_WORDS    : usize = 8; // 8 words for the 256-bit key
const STATE_WORDS  : usize = 16;
const CHACHA_ROUNDS: u32 = 20; // Cryptographically secure from 8 upwards as of this writing

/// A random number generator that uses the ChaCha20 algorithm [1].
///
/// The ChaCha algorithm is widely accepted as suitable for
/// cryptographic purposes, but this implementation has not been
/// verified as such. Prefer a generator like `OsRng` that defers to
/// the operating system for cases that need high security.
///
/// [1]: D. J. Bernstein, [*ChaCha, a variant of
/// Salsa20*](http://cr.yp.to/chacha.html)
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub struct ChaChaRng {
    buffer: [w32; STATE_WORDS], // Internal buffer of output
    state: [w32; STATE_WORDS],  // Initial state
    index: usize,               // Index into state
}

static EMPTY: ChaChaRng = ChaChaRng {
    buffer:  [w(0); STATE_WORDS],
    state:   [w(0); STATE_WORDS],
    index:   STATE_WORDS
};


macro_rules! quarter_round{
    ($a: expr, $b: expr, $c: expr, $d: expr) => {{
        $a = $a + $b; $d = $d ^ $a; $d = w($d.0.rotate_left(16));
        $c = $c + $d; $b = $b ^ $c; $b = w($b.0.rotate_left(12));
        $a = $a + $b; $d = $d ^ $a; $d = w($d.0.rotate_left( 8));
        $c = $c + $d; $b = $b ^ $c; $b = w($b.0.rotate_left( 7));
    }}
}

macro_rules! double_round{
    ($x: expr) => {{
        // Column round
        quarter_round!($x[ 0], $x[ 4], $x[ 8], $x[12]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 1], $x[ 5], $x[ 9], $x[13]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 2], $x[ 6], $x[10], $x[14]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 3], $x[ 7], $x[11], $x[15]);
        // Diagonal round
        quarter_round!($x[ 0], $x[ 5], $x[10], $x[15]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 1], $x[ 6], $x[11], $x[12]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 2], $x[ 7], $x[ 8], $x[13]);
        quarter_round!($x[ 3], $x[ 4], $x[ 9], $x[14]);
    }}
}

#[inline]
fn core(output: &mut [w32; STATE_WORDS], input: &[w32; STATE_WORDS]) {
    *output = *input;

    for _ in 0..CHACHA_ROUNDS / 2 {
        double_round!(output);
    }

    for i in 0..STATE_WORDS {
        output[i] = output[i] + input[i];
    }
}

impl ChaChaRng {

    /// Create an ChaCha random number generator using the default
    /// fixed key of 8 zero words.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// use sgx_rand::{Rng, ChaChaRng};
    ///
    /// let mut ra = ChaChaRng::new_unseeded();
    /// println!("{:?}", ra.next_u32());
    /// println!("{:?}", ra.next_u32());
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Since this equivalent to a RNG with a fixed seed, repeated executions
    /// of an unseeded RNG will produce the same result. This code sample will
    /// consistently produce:
    ///
    /// - 2917185654
    /// - 2419978656
    pub fn new_unseeded() -> ChaChaRng {
        let mut rng = EMPTY;
        rng.init(&[0; KEY_WORDS]);
        rng
    }

    /// Sets the internal 128-bit ChaCha counter to
    /// a user-provided value. This permits jumping
    /// arbitrarily ahead (or backwards) in the pseudorandom stream.
    ///
    /// Since the nonce words are used to extend the counter to 128 bits,
    /// users wishing to obtain the conventional ChaCha pseudorandom stream
    /// associated with a particular nonce can call this function with
    /// arguments `0, desired_nonce`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// use sgx_rand::{Rng, ChaChaRng};
    ///
    /// let mut ra = ChaChaRng::new_unseeded();
    /// ra.set_counter(0u64, 1234567890u64);
    /// println!("{:?}", ra.next_u32());
    /// println!("{:?}", ra.next_u32());
    /// ```
    pub fn set_counter(&mut self, counter_low: u64, counter_high: u64) {
        self.state[12] = w((counter_low >>  0) as u32);
        self.state[13] = w((counter_low >> 32) as u32);
        self.state[14] = w((counter_high >>  0) as u32);
        self.state[15] = w((counter_high >> 32) as u32);
        self.index = STATE_WORDS; // force recomputation
    }

    /// Initializes `self.state` with the appropriate key and constants
    ///
    /// We deviate slightly from the ChaCha specification regarding
    /// the nonce, which is used to extend the counter to 128 bits.
    /// This is provably as strong as the original cipher, though,
    /// since any distinguishing attack on our variant also works
    /// against ChaCha with a chosen-nonce. See the XSalsa20 [1]
    /// security proof for a more involved example of this.
    ///
    /// The modified word layout is:
    /// ```text
    /// constant constant constant constant
    /// key      key      key      key
    /// key      key      key      key
    /// counter  counter  counter  counter
    /// ```
    /// [1]: Daniel J. Bernstein. [*Extending the Salsa20
    /// nonce.*](http://cr.yp.to/papers.html#xsalsa)
    fn init(&mut self, key: &[u32; KEY_WORDS]) {
        self.state[0] = w(0x61707865);
        self.state[1] = w(0x3320646E);
        self.state[2] = w(0x79622D32);
        self.state[3] = w(0x6B206574);

        for i in 0..KEY_WORDS {
            self.state[4+i] = w(key[i]);
        }

        self.state[12] = w(0);
        self.state[13] = w(0);
        self.state[14] = w(0);
        self.state[15] = w(0);

        self.index = STATE_WORDS;
    }

    /// Refill the internal output buffer (`self.buffer`)
    fn update(&mut self) {
        core(&mut self.buffer, &self.state);
        self.index = 0;
        // update 128-bit counter
        self.state[12] = self.state[12] + w(1);
        if self.state[12] != w(0) { return };
        self.state[13] = self.state[13] + w(1);
        if self.state[13] != w(0) { return };
        self.state[14] = self.state[14] + w(1);
        if self.state[14] != w(0) { return };
        self.state[15] = self.state[15] + w(1);
    }
}

impl Rng for ChaChaRng {
    #[inline]
    fn next_u32(&mut self) -> u32 {
        if self.index == STATE_WORDS {
            self.update();
        }

        let value = self.buffer[self.index % STATE_WORDS];
        self.index += 1;
        value.0
    }
}

impl<'a> SeedableRng<&'a [u32]> for ChaChaRng {

    fn reseed(&mut self, seed: &'a [u32]) {
        // reset state
        self.init(&[0u32; KEY_WORDS]);
        // set key in place
        let key = &mut self.state[4 .. 4+KEY_WORDS];
        for (k, s) in key.iter_mut().zip(seed.iter()) {
            *k = w(*s);
        }
    }

    /// Create a ChaCha generator from a seed,
    /// obtained from a variable-length u32 array.
    /// Only up to 8 words are used; if less than 8
    /// words are used, the remaining are set to zero.
    fn from_seed(seed: &'a [u32]) -> ChaChaRng {
        let mut rng = EMPTY;
        rng.reseed(seed);
        rng
    }
}

impl Rand for ChaChaRng {
    fn rand<R: Rng>(other: &mut R) -> ChaChaRng {
        let mut key : [u32; KEY_WORDS] = [0; KEY_WORDS];
        for word in key.iter_mut() {
            *word = other.gen();
        }
        SeedableRng::from_seed(&key[..])
    }
}