#   Copyright 2016, Quickstep Research Group, Computer Sciences Department,
#     University of Wisconsin—Madison.
#
#   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
#   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#   You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
#   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#   limitations under the License.

[default physical_plan]

SELECT a.z
FROM a JOIN b ON a.w = b.w
       JOIN c ON a.x = c.x
       JOIN d ON a.y = d.y;
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashJoin
| +-left=HashJoin
| | +-left=HashJoin
| | | +-left=TableReference[relation=a]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=b]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-right_join_attributes=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-right=TableReference[relation=c]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
==

SELECT a.z
FROM a JOIN b ON (a.w = b.w OR a.x > b.x)
       JOIN c ON (a.x = c.x AND a.y > c.y)
       JOIN d ON (a.y = d.y OR a.z > d.z);
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=NestedLoopsJoin
| +-left=HashJoin
| | +-left=NestedLoopsJoin
| | | +-left=TableReference[relation=a]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=b]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-join_predicate=Or
| | | | +-Equal
| | | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-Greater
| | | |   +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | |   +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-right=TableReference[relation=c]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-residual_predicate=Greater
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int]
| +-join_predicate=Or
| | +-Equal
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
| | +-Greater
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
==

SELECT a1.z
FROM a AS a1 JOIN b AS b1 ON a1.w = b1.w
             JOIN c AS c1 ON a1.x = c1.x
             JOIN d AS d1 ON a1.y = d1.y
WHERE a1.x = b1.x
  AND a1.y = c1.y
  AND a1.z = d1.z;
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashJoin
| +-left=HashJoin
| | +-left=HashJoin
| | | +-left=TableReference[relation=a,alias=a1]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=b,alias=b1]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-right_join_attributes=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | +-right=TableReference[relation=c,alias=c1]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c1,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c1,type=Int]
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c1,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d,alias=d1]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d1,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d1,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d1,type=Int]
|   +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d1,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
==

SELECT a1.z
FROM a AS a1 JOIN b AS b1 ON a1.w <> b1.w
             JOIN c AS c1 ON a1.x <> c1.x
             JOIN d AS d1 ON a1.y <> d1.y
WHERE a1.x = b1.x
  AND a1.y = c1.y
  AND a1.z = d1.z;
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashJoin
| +-left=HashJoin
| | +-left=HashJoin
| | | +-left=TableReference[relation=a,alias=a1]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=b,alias=b1]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | | +-residual_predicate=NotEqual
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-right_join_attributes=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b1,type=Int]
| | +-right=TableReference[relation=c,alias=c1]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c1,type=Int]
| | +-residual_predicate=NotEqual
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c1,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c1,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d,alias=d1]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d1,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d1,type=Int]
| +-residual_predicate=NotEqual
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a1,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d1,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d1,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a1,type=Int]
==

SELECT a.w, b.x, c.y, d.z
FROM a LEFT JOIN b ON a.w = b.w
       LEFT JOIN c ON a.x = c.x
       LEFT JOIN d ON a.y = d.y;
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashLeftOuterJoin
| +-left=HashLeftOuterJoin
| | +-left=HashLeftOuterJoin
| | | +-left=TableReference[relation=a]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=b]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int NULL]
| | | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-right_join_attributes=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-right=TableReference[relation=c]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int NULL]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int NULL]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int NULL]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
  +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int NULL]
  +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
  +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int NULL]
==

SELECT a.w, b.x, c.y, d.z
FROM a RIGHT JOIN b ON a.w = b.w
       JOIN c ON a.x = c.x
       LEFT JOIN d ON a.y = d.y
WHERE b.x > 10
  AND c.y > 20;
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashLeftOuterJoin
| +-left=HashJoin
| | +-left=HashLeftOuterJoin
| | | +-left=Selection
| | | | +-input=TableReference[relation=b]
| | | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-filter_predicate=Greater
| | | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | | +-Literal[value=10,type=Int]
| | | | +-project_expressions=
| | | |   +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | |   +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-right=TableReference[relation=a]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=z,relation=a,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=4,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-right_join_attributes=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int]
| | +-right=Selection
| | | +-input=TableReference[relation=c]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-filter_predicate=Greater
| | | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | | +-Literal[value=20,type=Int]
| | | +-project_expressions=
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | |   +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-left_join_attributes=
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | +-right_join_attributes=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=6,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| +-right=TableReference[relation=d]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int NULL]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=y,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=8,name=y,relation=d,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=a,type=Int NULL]
  +-AttributeReference[id=5,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
  +-AttributeReference[id=7,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
  +-AttributeReference[id=9,name=z,relation=d,type=Int NULL]
==

SELECT *
FROM b LEFT JOIN c ON (b.x = c.x AND c.x > 10);
--
TopLevelPlan
+-plan=HashLeftOuterJoin
| +-left=TableReference[relation=b]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| +-right=Selection
| | +-input=TableReference[relation=c]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| | +-filter_predicate=Greater
| | | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| | | +-Literal[value=10,type=Int]
| | +-project_expressions=
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
| |   +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=y,relation=c,type=Int]
| +-project_expressions=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
| | +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=y,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
| +-left_join_attributes=
| | +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
| +-right_join_attributes=
|   +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int]
+-output_attributes=
  +-AttributeReference[id=0,name=w,relation=b,type=Int]
  +-AttributeReference[id=1,name=x,relation=b,type=Int]
  +-AttributeReference[id=2,name=x,relation=c,type=Int NULL]
  +-AttributeReference[id=3,name=y,relation=c,type=Int NULL]